ABSTRACT
Objectives@#This cross-sectional study, conducted as part of the Bushehr Elderly Health program stage II in Bushehr, Iran, aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in individuals aged ≥ 60 with osteo sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the co-occurrence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Given the increasing elderly population worldwide, understanding the HR-QoL of this demographic is crucial, with osteosarcopenia being a significant factor. @*Methods@#The study enrolled 2369 participants aged ≥ 60 and collected demographic and anthropometric data.Various questionnaires, including the Short Form 12, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Activities of Daily Living, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, were administered. Comparisons were made between individuals with and without osteosarcopenia. Regression models were employed to identify variables associated with HRQoL in those with osteosarcopenia. @*Results@#Key findings revealed that 22.5% of participants had osteosarcopenia. Significantly different HR-QoL measures were observed between the 2 groups, especially in physical functioning and physical component summary scores. Male gender, advanced age, and chronic illnesses were linked to lower physical and mental HRQoL scores among those with osteosarcopenia. In female participants, a history of fractures and physical disability were associated with reduced quality of life. @*Conclusions@#This study underscores the negative impact of osteosarcopenia on HR-QoL, particularly in male participants, with a focus on physical aspects. It also highlights age and chronic disease as contributing factors to diminished HR-QoL in individuals with osteosarcopenia. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing osteosarcopenia in the elderly population to improve their overall well-being.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes Education by Peer Coaching is a strategy which helps the patients with diabetes in the field of behavioral and emotional problems. However, the results of studies in this field in other countries could not be generalized in our context. So, the current study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Diabetes Education by Peer Coaching on Diabetes Management
Methods: Outcome variables for patients and peer coaches are measured at baseline and in3,6 and 12 months. The primary outcome consisted of Fasting Blood Sugar [FBS] and HbA1c. Secondary outcomes included Blood Pressure [BP], Body Mass Index [BMI,] Waist-Hip Ratio [WHR], Lipid Profile, diabetes self-care activities, diabetes-related quality of life, depression, and Social Capital levels. Initial analyses compared the frequency of baseline levels of outcome and other variables using a simple Chi-square test, t-test and the Mann-Whitney- U test. Sequential measurements in each group were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance. If significant differences in baseline characteristics were found, analyses were repeated adjusting for these differences using ANOVA and logistic regression for multivariate analyses. Additional analyses were conducted to look for the evidence of effect modification by prespecified subgroups.
Conclusion: The fact is that self-control and self-efficacy in diabetes management and treatment of diabetes could be important components. It seems that this research in this special setting with cultural differences would provide more evidence about peer-coaching model. It seems that if the peer-coaching model improves learning situations between patients with diabetes by offering one-on-one Diabetes Self Management Education, it could be an interactive approach to diabetic education
ABSTRACT
The rising rate of doing behavioral violence to people working in health-care centers is a major problem for nurse's population. This study was run with the aim of ascertaining how much nurses working in hospitals all over the country [Iran] are under verbal violence and finding out its relation with some individual and environmental factors. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional one which was run with 1317 nurses as the participants in hospitals all over the country of Iran during 2007. Data collection was done through self-report questionnaire. 87.4% of nurses experienced verbal violence at least once in their working surroundings during the last six months. Most of the verbal violence [64.4%] was done by patients' relatives, [44.2%] between 7:30 am to 14:30 pm in the patient's room [48.3%]. Results show that only 35.9% of verbal violence was reported by nurses. Investigating the frequency of verbal violence, the results of correlation analysis [x[2]] showed that there is a significant relationship between verbal violence and variables such as age [P=0.009], sex [P=0.001], job experience [P=0.007], work hours [P=0.001] and job rank [P=0.048]. Since lots of violence happens and the risk factors were investigated, more attention must be paid to this issue and the necessary steps must be taken in this regard. The findings of this study can be helpful to reduce, prevent and control the violence to nurses