[Clinical evaluation of the effect of a herbal compound made for treatment of discolorations caused by dental fluorosis]

The purpose of this study was research on a new herbal compound [Seidlitzia Rosmarinus] made by Traditional Medicine Research Group, University of Shahed to find a safer alternative to HCL-Pumice compound technique. In this randomized clinical trial seventy two anterior teeth from 9 patients were divided in to three groups according to fluorosis severity: mild [34 teeth], moderate [14 teeth], and sever [24 teeth]. In each patient, half of the teeth were treated with "Shahed" compound and other half treated with HCL-Pumice compound. Before and after treatment, photographs were taken in both groups. HCL-Pumice treatment compound was applied for 30 seconds periods and continued for 10 minutes if necessary. In case of herbal Shahed compound the time was determined by clinical symptoms or when labial contour was dismissed, If the result was not esthetistically acceptabale for the patient, HCL-Pumice compound was applied on teeth. NaF was applied after mouth washing. The photographs of the teeth before and after treatment were reviewed by two experienced observer unaware of the treatment modality. The results were analyzed using willcoxon's, kruskal-wallis and scheffe test. There was over 81.3% acceptance between two observers and no significant differences in intraobservers evaluation [P>0.05]. Improvement in beauty indexes were observed in all degrees of dental fluorosis by 18% with HCL-Pumice compound application, but "Shahed" herbal compound induced significant reduction in the amount of white spots in mild fluorosis and stain intensity of moderate fluorosis [P<0.05], while the reduction in the severity of discoloration in group 2, these two techniques were statistically equivalent but in the remainder, HCL-Pumice compound was more significantly effective [P<0.05]. HCL-Pumice compound reduces the severity of the discoloration of the teeth. Shahed herbal compound cannot reduces the discoloration like as HCL-Pumice compound

[Effect of amalgam cuspal coverage on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth]

Endodontically treated teeth are prone to fracture because they loose a large amount of their structure. The treatment plan of those teeth is completed when they are rehabilitated with a strong and functional restoration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with amalgam cuspal coverage in comparison with other restorative techniques. 40 human healthy maxillary premolars were divided into 4 groups: group1 [S]: sound teeth, group 2[Co]: endodontically treated teeth with MOD cavity restored with bonding and composite, group 3[Am-B]: endodontically treated teeth with MOD cavity restored with bonding and amalgam and group 4 [Am-CC]: endodontically treated teeth with MOD cavity restored with amalgam cuspal coverage. Then the restorations were stored in water and room temperature for 100 days at then thermocycled for 500 cycles between water baths at [5.5 +/- 1] and [55 +/- 1][degree]C. The fracture resistance was evaluated by Universal Testing Machine [Instron, 1195 UK] with the compressive force of about 2000 N in 0.5 mm/min. The fracture modes were evaluated in four groups by a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis [Scheffe test] was done for all groups [P<0.05 was considered as the level of meaningfulness]. The highest fracture resistance was found in group 4 [Am-CC] [976 +/- 23.27 N] that had no significant difference with sound tooth [P>0.05]. The lowest fracture resistance was found in group 2 [Co] [384 +/- 137.4 N] that had no significant difference with group 3 [Am-B] [P>0.05]. The fracture resistance in group 4 was significantly higher than group 2 [Co] and 3 [Am-B]. The fracture mode in group 1 was cohesive within tooth and in group 2 [Co] and 3 [Am-B] was mixed cohesive and adhesive, and in group 4 was cohesive within restorative material. The highest fracture resistance was obtained in teeth that received amalgam cuspal coverage.