Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em idosas frequentadoras da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade ­ UATI / Prevalence of overweight and obesity in elderly people attending the Open University of the Elderly ­ UATI

Introdução: este artigo trata-se da prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em idosas frequentadoras da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade. Objetivo: avaliar as prevalências de sobrepeso e de obesidade associadas a fatores socioeconômicos e presença de comorbidades, em uma amostra de idosas não institucionalizadas de Salvador-BA, Brasil. Metodologia: um estudo transversal com uma amostra de 72 idosas com mais de 60 anos frequentadoras da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade (UATI) vinculada a Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB). Foram aplicados questionários as participantes sobre aspectos pessoais, sócio-demográficos e presença de comorbidades. Resultados: os dados antropométricos avaliados foram o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e da Circunferência da Cintura (CC). Associações entre as variáveis categóricas foram testadas utilizando o teste qui-quadrado com um nível de significância 5%. Observou-se que prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade de acordo com o IMC foi de 34,48% e 24,14%, respectivamente e 86,54% dos idosos apresentaram um substancial aumento da circunferência abdominal. Verificou-se que 13,46% dos indivíduos eram diabéticos, 63,46% hipertensos. Conclusão: neste estudo não houve associação com significância estatística entre excesso de peso e renda ou presença de comorbidades (Diabete Melito e Hipertensão).

Introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity associated with socioeconomic factors and the presence of comorbidities, in a sample of non-institutionalized elderly women from Salvador-BA, Brazil. Metodology: crosssectional study was carried out with a sample of 72 elderly women over 60 years of age attending the Open University of the Third Age (UATI) linked to the State University of Bahia (UNEB). Questionnaires were applied to participants on personal, socio-demographic and presence of comorbidities. Results: the anthropometric data evaluated were the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Associations between categorical variables were tested using the chi-square test with a 5% significance level. It was observed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity according to the BMI was high (34.48% and 24.14%, respectively) and 86.54% of the elderly showed a substantial increase in waist circumference. It was found that 13.46% of the individuals were diabetic, 63.46% were hypertensive. Conclusion: It was observed that BMI was not significantly associated (p <0.05) with income or the presence of comorbidities (Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension).

Modelo calgary na avaliaçãoestrutural, desenvolvimental e funcionalda família de mulheres mastectomizadas após câncer de mama / Use of the calgary family assessment model instructural, developmental and functional assessment of the family of mastectomized women with breast cancer / Modelo calgary en la evaluación estructural, de desarrollo y funcional de la familia de mujeres mastectomizadas pos cáncer de mama

Objetivou-se avaliar a estrutura, o desenvolvimento e a funcionalidade da família de mulheres com câncer de mama submetidas à mastectomia. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo em que foi utilizado como referencial teórico o Modelo Calgary de avaliação familiar e como estratégia metodológica o estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados junto a duas famílias, no período de maio a setembro de 2014, por meio de instrumento pré-elaborado. Verificou-se que uma família era nuclear, formada pelo casal e suas três filhas, a outra família era estendida, constituída por duas irmãs, ambas mastectomizadas e seus respectivos filhos. A aplicação do modelo de avaliação familiar permitiu conhecer aspectos relacionados à estrutura, ao funcionamento e ao desenvolvimento das duas famílias, que interferem, dificultam ou favorecem o desenvolvimento do cuidado no cotidiano. Conclui-se que este estudo possibilitou a realização da abordagem familiar que pode interferir, dificultar ou favorecer o desenvolvimento do cuidado no dia-a-dia (AU).

The present study aimed to assess the structure, development and functionality of the family of women with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy. It is a qualitative study based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model and case study methodology was used. The data were collected from two families in May­September 2014, through a previously designed instrument. One of the families was a nuclear family formed by the biological parents and their three daughters, and the other family was extended, consisting of two sisters, both mastectomized, and their respective children. The use of the family assessment model provided knowledge on aspects related to the structure, functioning and development of the two families that interfere, impair or favor the adequate provision of daily care.In conclusion, this study made it possible to use a family assessment model that can interfere, impair or favor the adequate provision of daily care to the patients (AU).

El objetivo fue evaluar la estructura, el desarrollo y la funcionalidad de la familia de mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidas a la mastectomía. Es un estudio cualitativo en que fue utilizado como referencial teórico el Modelo Calgary de evaluación familiar y como estrategia metodológica el estudio de caso. Los datos fueron obtenidos con dos familias, en el periodo de mayo a septiembre de 2014, por medio de instrumento preelaborado. Se ha verificado que una familia era nuclear, formada por la pareja y sus tres hijas, la otra familia era ampliada, constituida por dos hermanas, ambas mastectomizadas y sus respectivos hijos. La aplicación del modelo de evaluación familiar permitió conocer aspectos relacionados a la estructura, al funcionamiento y al desarrollo de las dos familias, los cuales interfieren, dificultan o favorecen el desarrollo del cuidado en el cotidiano. Se concluye que este estudio posibilitó la realización del abordaje familiar que puede interferir, dificultar o favorecer el desarrollo del cuidado en el día a día (AU).

Iodine nutritional status in Brazil: a meta-analysis of all studies performed in the country pinpoints to an insufficient evaluation and heterogeneity

Objectives Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is the result of an inadequate dietary intake of iodine, which physiological consequences are endemic goiter and thyroid dysfunction. The objective of this study was to a analyze studies that assessed the status of Brazil’s population iodine nutrition and IDD prevalence. Materials and methods Systematic review using PRISMA statement. Electronic database: PubMed, Medline, SciELO and Lilacs. Quality of studies: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was carried out with R Core Team Statistical Software, version 3.1.0 (2014). The summary measure (WMD) and its confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated. The “Funnel plot” graph assessed publication bias and heterogeneity. Results Seventeen papers were eligible: pregnant women (2), school children (9), adults/elderly (4) and preschool children/infants (2). Geographic distribution: North (1), Northeast (1), Midwest (2), Southeast (13), South (3). Twenty-three thousand two hundred seventy-two subjects were evaluated between 1997 and 2013 and all have use urinary iodine (UI) measurement. However, only 7 studies could be included in meta-analysis, all from Southeast region. The overall prevalence of IDD in school children in southeast region was 15.3% (95% CI, 13-35%), however this data had an important heterogeneity, expressed by the I2 Statistic of 99.5%. Conclusion Only few studies have been performed and enrolled populations from south/southeast region of Brazil. The actual IDD prevalence analysis is complex because it was detected bias due influence of individual studies and very high heterogeneity. IDD might still be high in some areas but this remained unknown even after this meta-analysis evaluation. The generation of a national program for analysis of iodine status in all regions is urgently required. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(1):13-22 .