ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of NADPH oxidase Nox-4 induced by stress in gastric mucosa and its role in inflammation.Methods Twenty male SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into chronic restraint stress group(stress group) and control group.Stress mice were restrained in selfmade restraint device for 2 hours each day.The rest of the time,the mice in the two groups had free access to food and water normally,experiment lasted 14 days.The histopathological changes of gastric mucosa were assessed by HE staining under light microscope.The expression of Nox-4 in gastric mucosa of mice was carried out by immunohistochemical method.The relative expression levels of Nox-4,antioxidant protein (Mn-SOD,GSH,Catalase) and inflammatory factors(IL-8,IL-1β,TNF-α) in gastric mucosa were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA.Results Basal cell proliferation,neutrophil,eosinophil and plasma cell infiltration and inflammatory changes were observed in the lamina propria and glandular epithelium of stress mice,while no obvious abnormalities were found in control mice.The expression of Nox-4 in stress group was deeper and more abundant than that in control group,mainly expressed in lamina propria and glandular epithelium.The mRNA expression levels of Nox-4 in gastric mucosa of stress group was(2.42±0.51) times higher than that of control group,and blood concentration of stress group was(2.23±0.67) times higher than that of control group(t=-46.32,P＜0.001).The RT-PCR of antioxidant proteins in gastric mucosa showed that the transcription levels of Mn SOD,GSH and Catalase in stress group were significantly lower than that of control group (Mn-SOD:0.59± 0.10,GSH:0.58± 0.11,Catalase:0.57± 0.09),and there were significant differences between the two groups(t=13.57,11.67,15.01,P＜0.01).RT-PCR results showed that the transcription levels of IL-8,IL-1β,TNF-α in stress group were significantly higher than those in control group (IL-8:1.47±0.34,IL-1β:1.48 ± 0.42,TNF-α:1.51 ± 0.37),and there were significant differences in two groups(t=-18.45,-19.14,-20.85,P＜0.01).ELISA results showed that the serum levels of inflammatory factors in stress group were significantly higher than those in control group(2.25±0.37,3.59±0.45,3.41±0.34),and the differences were statistically significant(t=-47.11,-79.36,-96.32,P＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between serum concentration of Nox-4 and inflammatory factors(IL-8,IL-1β,TNF-αt) in stress group(r=0.97,0.99,0.98,P＜0.01).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the grade of gastric mucosal inflammation was positively correted with serum levels of Nox-4 and inflammatory factors (IL-8,IL-1β,TNF-α) (r =0.96,0.92,0.91,0.94,all P＜ 0.01)Conclusion Stress may lead to gastric mucosal lesion by overexpression of proinflammatory factors through destroying the balance of oxidation/antioxidant system in gastric mucosa.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair for acquired diaphragmatic hernia at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from August 2011 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Two-side composite patch at the hernia ring-center was fixed on the diaphragm using laparoscopic hernial screw nail for defect repair.The follow-up was performed by telephone interview and outpatient examination till August 2015, which included postoperative recurrence of hernia and complications.Measurment data with normal distribution were presented as mean value (range).Results Fifteen patients received successful laparoscopic repair for tension-free diaphragmatic hernia.The operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss and average duration of hospital stay were 134.5 minutes (range, 120.0-150.0 minutes), 25.6 mL (range, 10.0-50.0 mL) and 5 days (range, 10-12 days), respectively.No postoperative complications of respiratory and digestive system in 15 patients were detected, and there were the remissions of preoperative respiratory symptoms (cough, cough sputum, wheezing and suffocating) and digestive symptoms (nausea, vomiting and acataposis) of some patients.All the 15 patients were followed up for 2-48 months without severe postoperative complications and recurrence.Conclusion Laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair is safe and feasible.