ABSTRACT
Chlorhexidine solution is one of the widely used mouth antiseptic liquid that prevents teeth tissue damage and also has application as a root canal antiseptic. In this study, cytotoxicity of 2% chlorhexidine solution is compared with another root canal antiseptic, calcium hydroxide powder. Cell cytotoxicity of both chemicals was assessed on cultured L929 fibroblastic cell line for 1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours using MTT assay [Methyl tetrazolium bromide assay]. Untreated L929 cells were used as a negative control group. MTT results were recorded by ELISA reader and analyzed using one-way ANOVA statistical tests. Cytotoxicity of studied chemicals showed significant difference in various dilutions and times [1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h]. The highest cytotoxic effect of 2% chlorhexidine solution was observed in concentration of 0.016% for 72 h. Treatment of cells with 0.016% of 2% chlorhexidine liquid and calcium hydroxide powder for 72 hours showed 80% and 45% cytotoxicity, respectively. Cytotoxicity of calcium hydroxide is significantly less than 2% chlorhexidine liquid and then application of calcium hydroxide powder as root canal antiseptic is recommended
ABSTRACT
The provision of an effective apical seal is an essential factor when choosing an appropriate material for success of root-end surgeries. Root-end resection, preparation and obturation should provide an adequate apical seal. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate bacterial and dye microleakage of four different root-end filling materials and compare the efficacy of these two methods. Fifty-six single-rooted teeth with intact and straight roots were randomly assigned into four study groups of 12 each and two control groups of three each. After decoronation, root canals were prepared up to file size #40 using step back technique; then, they were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. Root-ends were resected 3 mm above the root-end and 3 mm deep cavities were prepared. Root-end cavities were filled with amalgam, Root Mineral Trioxide Aggregate [Root MTA], White ProRoot MTA [WMTA], and calcium enriched mixture [CEM] cement. Bacterial leakage was investigated in Trypticase Soy Broth [containing Enterococcus faecalis] after 70 days and 1% methylene blue dye leakage was assessed after 72 hours. Complete dye leakage was checked using stereomicroscope [[x]40]. Data were statistically analyzed using Fisher Exact test. For pair comparison between the two methods Kapa agreement was utilized. After 70 days there was 100% bacterial leakage in amalgam, and CEM cement, 91.7% in WMTA, and 75% in Root MTA. This difference was not significantly different. The difference in complete dye leakage was also not significant [WMTA and CEM cement 16.7%, Amalgam and Root MTA 33.3%]. There was no significant measure of agreement between dye and bacterial penetration along root-end fillings. CEM cement was not significantly different from currently used retrofilling materials e.g. WMTA
ABSTRACT
Studies have shown the regulatory role of Leptin in bone formation, its expression in adipose tissue as well as increased levels in circulation following the adminstration of inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides [LPS]. However, there is little data evaluating the role of Leptin in inflammatory periapical lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and concentration of Leptin in chronic periapical lesions. Chronic periapical lesions with different sizes were collected during periapical surgery of the mandibular molars from twenty patients and cultured for 72 hours. The ELISA method determined the concentration of Leptin in supernatant fluids of explants cultures. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests [Mann-Whitney U, Chi-Square and Spearman's Correlation Coefficient]. Leptin was found in all samples with the average concentration of 405.55 +/- 102.98 [pg/mL]. There was no significant correlation between the concentration of Leptin and BMI, and the diameters of lesions. Leptin can be considered an inflammatory mediator and is likely to have a role during the early phases of dental periapical lesions