ABSTRACT
Satureja khuzestanica, an endemic plant of Iran, has been reported to be used traditionally to treat diabetes. We examined possible protective effect of Satureja khozestanica essential oil [SKE] on glomerulosclerosis in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 30 Sprage-dawley male rats were divided into 3 groups randomly; group 1 as control, group 2 diabetic untreated, and group 3 treatments with SKE by 500 ppm in drinking water, respectively. Diabetes was induced in the second and third groups by alloxan injection subcutaneously. After 8 weeks, animals were anaesthetized; livers and kidneys were then removed immediately. Kidney paraffin sections were prepared and stained by periodic acid Schiff method. Glomerular volume and leukocyte infiltration were estimated by stereological rules and glomerular sclerosis was studied semi-quantitatively. Flow treatment of diabetic animals with SKE could significantly inhibit glomerular hypertrophy [22%] leukocyte infiltration [31%] and glomerulosclerosis [20%] in comparison with the diabetic untreated group. The findings showed that SKE alleviates loss of glomerular volume, leukocyte infiltration, and glomerulosclerosis and exerts beneficial effects on the lipid peroxidation in alloxan-induced type 1 diabetic rats
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing around the world. Oxidative stress is one of the risk factors in diabetes. The purpose of this study is to examine the protective effects of the essential oil of Satureja khuzestanica on the level of serum lipids and atherogenic indices in the male rats with diabetes. This experimental study was conducted on thirty male rats randomly divided into three groups including: 1- control group, 2- rats with untreated diabetes 3- rats with treated diabetes [through orally intake of water containing 500 ppm of the essential oil of Satureja khuzestanica]. The second and third groups also developed diabetes through injection of alloxan tetrahydrate [120 mg/kg]. After eight weeks of treatment, their blood sample was taken, and then the levels of glucose, lipids and atherogenic indices of the serum were measured. The levels of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein [LDL], very low density lipoprotein [VLDL] and atherogenic indices of plasma in treated diabetic group were significantly decreased. The amount of high density lipoprotein [HDL] was significantly increased in the treated group. The results obtained from this study showed that the essential oil of Satureja khuzestanica has beneficial effects on the level of serum lipids and atherogenic indices of rats with type 1 diabetes
ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic nephropathy pathogenesis. Rosmarinic acid, a plant phenolic compound, was first used as an antioxidant agent for inhibition of diabetic nephropathy. Forty male rats were uninephrectomized from the left flank. The rats were divided in four groups randomly; group one as control, group two diabetic untreatment, groups three and four treatment with rosmarinic acid by 100 or 200 mg/kg/d orally respectively. Diabetes was induced in the second, third and fourth groups by alloxan injection subcutaneously. After 8 weeks treatment, serum malondialdehyde was measured by thiobarbituric acid [TEA] test. Serum creatinine and serum urea were measured by kits. Kidney paraffin sections were prepared and stained by periodic acid Schiff method,Glomerular volume and glomerular number were estimated by stereological rules and glomerular sclerosis was studied semi-quantitatively. Data were analyzed by non-parametric Man Whitney test [using SPSS 13 software] and P< 0.05 was considered significant. Rosmarinic acid [100 or 200 mg/kg] significantly inhibited glomerular hypertrophy, glomerular number loss, glomerulosclerosis, lipid peroxidation, serum urea and creatinine compared with the diabetic untreated group. The level of glomerular number and serum malondialdehyde in the treated groups [100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg of rosmarinic acid] was maintained at the same level as compared to the control group. Rosmarinic acid could significantly reduce glomerular hypertrophy, loss of glomerular number, glomerulosclerosis and attenuated serum urea and serum creatinine in diabetic rats