Does a correlation exist between nasal airway volume and craniofacial morphology: A cone beam computed tomography study.

Aim: To find the correlation between nasal airway volume and the craniofacial morphology using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This study consisted of preorthodontic anonymized CBCT scans of 34 healthy adults in the age span of 18–28 years. The volume was calculated using Dolphin 3DR software 11.5 version using semiautomatic segmentation method to calculate nasal volume after determining the nasal airway boundary. The subjects were grouped according to sagittal skeletal relation, craniofacial width, facial index, and facial form. Results: There was statistically significant correlation between nasal volume and craniofacial width (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Nasal volume was correlated only with width of the face and not with width/length ratio of face that could have affected the nasal volume.

Prognostic factors in infiltrating lobular carcinoma.

Various prognostic factors viz. clinical details, histologic features including subtypes, elastosis, desmoplasia, in situ carcinoma, perineural and vascular invasion, Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), and menopausal status were evaluated in Infiltrating Lobular carcinoma (ILC) in the context of patient survival. 138 patients had presented with ILC over a period of 20 years. Histological subtypes of ILC and vascular invasion played a role in the biologic behaviour of the tumour. Interestingly premenopausal status protected against the risk for relapse, while being postmenopausal, increased the risk. NPI was demonstrated as an independent significant prognostic factor and was a good predictor for relapse. This study underlines the role of the pathologist in determination of the prognostic groups in Infiltrating lobular carcinoma.

Histologic spectrum of struma ovarii.

Six cases of struma ovarii, including two with associated carcinoid, with unusual microscopic features are described. The patients' age ranged from 22 to 50 years. The patients were clinically euthyroid. The largest tumour was 10 cms. in great dimension. All tumours were unilateral. Microscopically various changes observed in a non-neoplastic thyroid gland were observed in the struma including Hashimotos thyroiditis and goitrous change. Adenomatous foci with microfollicles were observed in one case. A trabecular carcinoid admixed with mucinous glands lined bygoblet cells which were argyrophilic was seen in two of the neoplasms. This finding is rare and has been reported only once before. In conclusion it is important for a pathologist to be aware of the changes that may be associated with struma ovarii, so as not to confuse it with other neoplasms. A careful search for typical thyroid follicles, or other components of a dermoid help to arrive at a diagnosis.

Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.

Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction mainly affecting female neonates. We present a case of a newborn female infant with a history of abdominal distension, bilious vomiting and decreased urine output. Barium enema showed a microcolon. Patient died soon after admission and the autopsy revealed a shortened bowel, a microcolon with abundant ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus, and an enlarged urinary bladder. An interesting finding in this case was the presence of enlarged nerve bundles containing several large ganglion cells on the lateral wall of the cervix. The salient clinical and autopsy findings in this case are presented.