ABSTRACT
Introduction: The knowledge of morphometric parameters of laminae of cervical vertebrae is indispensable in surgical procedures and developing instrumentation for surgical processes. Literature reports ethnic and geographical variations reported in these dimensions. Materials and Methods: This cross‑sectional study included analysis of laminae of 212 cervical vertebrae (C3–C6). The length of superior border of lamina and inferior border of lamina was measured on the right and left sides using vernier caliper. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done with the help of Microsoft Excel version 2021. Results: The length of the superior border of lamina on both sides increases from C3 to C5. The length of the inferior border of the lamina on both sides decreases from C3 to C4, then on the right side, it increases from C4 to C5 and then decreases from C5 to C6, and on the left side, it increases from C4 to C6. At C4, the length of superior border of lamina on the right side differed statistically from the length of superior border of lamina on the left side (P = 0.042). A significant difference betweenlengths of the inferior border of laminae on the right and left sides was also found at the C5 vertebra (P = 0.001) and C6 vertebra (P = 0.012). No significant difference in thickness and height of lamina was observed between right and left sides. Conclusion: The present study indicates morphometric parameters of laminae of typical cervical vertebrae in the North West Indian population differ from the same parameters in Brazilianas well as South Indian populations. The length of superior border as well as inferior border of lamina has significant differences between right and left sides. However, there is no significant difference in height and thickness of laminae between right and left sides.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study had been to note the presence of notches and fissures in 60 spleens. The study wasdone on 60 spleens of both sexes obtained from autopsy of dead bodies in the Department of Forensic Medicineand variations noted in the Department of Anatomy. The notches were observed on the upper border in 51samples (85%) and on the lower border in 5 samples (8.33%). 6.67% of the spleen samples presented withfissures on the upper border and lower border each. Notches and fissures are quite a common occurrence inspleen. Notches on superior border are clinically significant as they assist in palpation of spleen duringsplenomegaly. Information of notches and fissures on the lower border of spleen are important during splenicsurgeries and radiological investigations. In the present study; the notches and fissures have been noted on the60 spleen samples.
ABSTRACT
The suprascapular notch which is located on the lateral part of the superior border of the scapula, medial to the coracoid process, is bridged by the superior transverse scapular ligament. The notch serves as a passage for suprascapular nerve to pass to supraspinous fossa. Suprascapular nerve entrapment may be due to the variable morphology of the suprascapular notch or due to ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament. Morphometric studies of suprascapular notch have been done in various populations. The aim of the present study is to review the morphometric studies of suprascapular notch, identify the most common type of notch and compare the morphometry in different populations.
ABSTRACT
The ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament may be a part of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), also known as Forestier’s disease. We are describing a case of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament in the region of thoracic spine, found on routine examination of dry bones.
ABSTRACT
The ossification of the superior transverse scapular ligament either partial or complete has been identified as one of the predisposing factors in suprascapular nerve entrapment syndrome since long. In the present case we found a bilateral completely ossified superior transverse scapular ligament, which is a rare finding. The Knowledge of this anatomical variation where the ossified superior transverse ligament converts the suprascapular notch into a foramen is important for clinicians in diagnosis and treatment of patients with suprascapular nerve entrapment.