Tramal as a monotheraphy; pain buprenorphine with control - a comparison

To achieve reduction in postoperative pain and improved quality of analgesia accompanied by reduction in side effects. This study was carried out by the anaesthesia department and intensive care unit, Nishtar Hospital, Multan from June 2009 to May 2010. A total of 200 patients were observed, which were undergoing for thyroidectomy and were divided into two groups. The duration of analgesia in the two groups was almost similar. Rescue analgesia was given to 10 patients out of 100 patients in Buprenorphine and 24 patients out of 100 patients in tramadol. Pain scores were more in group-I than group-II, although nausea/vomiting were more in group-I than in group-II. This analgesia regimen of intramuscular buprenorphine was found to be an improved, balanced and safe analgesic technique for postoperative pain relief

Bier's block; comparison of lignocaine vs lignocaine + ketorolac

To compare the duration of anaesthesia and degree of analgesia during intravenous regional anaesthesia using lignocaine alone and lignocaine with ketorolac. This international quasi experimental study. Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Six months [from June 2004 to November 2004]. Patients with known allergy to local anaesthesia or keteroloca and with hepatic, renal disease were not included in the study. Mean pain score at 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 in both groups after release of tourniquet. The quality of analgesia observed in both groups showed that 20 patients in lignocaine + ketorolac group had excellent analgesia compared with only 4 patients in lignocaine group. Tourniquet pain was not experienced in any patient in both groups; owing most probably to the inflation of distal tourniquet cuff on the anaesthetized part of the arm with release of proximal tourniquet, 10 minutes after injection of solution. It is concluded that 30 mg ketorolac added to lignocaine in IVRA increases degree of anaesthesia and also provides prolonged postoperative analgesia

Pre-emptive pain control; comparison of ketorolac and diclofenac sodium

Opioid related side effects have encouraged the use of analgesic drugs that are devoid of these problems. This study was done to compare the analgesic efficacy of Ketorolac and diclofenac in 60 adult patients of age group ranging between 30 to 45 years of age body wt 50-60kg belonging to ASA I and II grade. Patients were scheduled for elective gynecological procedure [laparoscopic tubal ligation] under general anaesthesia. They were divided into two equal groups using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Each group comprised of 30 patients. Group A received Ketorolac 10 mg l/V with local infiltration of 0.5% Bupivacaine and group B received IM Diclofenac sodium 75 mg after local infiltration 0.5% bupivacaine as in Group A 1/2 hourly before surgery. Post operatively patients were observed after 30 minutes in the recovery room for pain relief for two hours. Mean pain scores were noted in the recovery area using visual analog scale with need for sup plementary analgesic after awakening from general anaesthesia. Vital signs were monitored. Results were analyzed by using SPSS-8 package by applying Student Test and chi Square Test. There was statistically significant difference between two groups regarding their mean pain score. The patients who received Ketorolac I/V [Group A] had longer pain free time interval and request for first analgesic supplement was made after 90 minutes compared to a shorter interval of 60 minutes in Group-B, who received intramuscular diclofenac sodium