ABSTRACT
The choice of safe and effective method for fertility control still under continuous search. So, discovery of structures having long duration of action which made administration by injection was an attractive alternative to oral contraceptives. Medroxyprogesterone acetate emerged from this early work as promising injectable long - acting contraceptive with minimal risk. This work was planned to evaluate the structural and histochemical changes induced by injectable contraceptive Depo-provera [MPA], on the kidney of adult female Albino rats as well as testing the degree of reversibility of changes that may develop after the arrest of its use. Thirty adult female Albino rats were used in this work and divided into three equal groups. Group I was used as a control, group II was intramuscularly injected with MPA 4 times [2.7 mg / rat every 3 oestrus cycles] and sacrificed one day after arrest of the injection, while, group III the animals were injected with MPA by the same dose and sacrificed 30 days after arrest of the injection. The abdominal aorta was exposed and Indian ink injection was injected to study the renal vascular changes. The animals were sacrificed, the kidney was dissected and paraffin sections were prepared and stained by haematoxylin and eosin and PAS technique to study the microscopic structure and the distribution of PAS+ve materials respectively. Frozen sections were prepared and stained by both Gomori and Nachla's techniques to study the activity of acid phosphatase enzyme and succinic dehydrogenase enzyme respectively. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Student's t.test. The injected groups showed atrophy of tubular epithelium, dilatation of tubular lumina. All recovery groups were nearly similar to normal state except PAS+ve material of renal tubules which were nearly similar to injected groups. The treated groups showed significant increase in vascular distribution and PAS+ve materials. While, non significant changes were noticed in the activity of acid phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase enzymes. It was concluded that there are reversible structural and histochemical changes in the rat kidney under the effect of MPA. So, the use of MPA could be considered as a safe contraceptive method
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to evaluate the histological changes of the testis in an irradiated rat under the effect of oestrogen as a radioprotective agent. Eighty adult male albino rats were used in this work and divided into 8 equal groups. Group I was considered as a control, group II was exposed to gamma radiation at a dose rate 6 Gy, group III was intramuscularly injected with a single dose of oestrogen [0.166 mg / 100 g b.w.], group IV was injected with fractionated doses of oestrogen [0.09 mg/ 100 g b.w.] daily for 7 days, group V and VI were injected with the same single and fractionated doses 10 and 5 days pre-irradiation respectively, group VII and VIII were injected with the same single and fractionated doses 7 and 5 days post-irradiation respectively. Twenty-one days post-irradiation and treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the testis was isolated and paraffin sections were prepared and stained by haematoxylin and eosin to study the general microscopic structure as well as measurement of thickness of germinal epithelium and diameter of seminiferous tubules. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by Student's ttest. The irradiated testis showed vacuolization and necrosis of spermatogenic cells, damage of Sertoli cells, rare sperms and reduction of, the germinal epithelium thickness and the diameter of seminiferous tubules in comparison with control group. With injection of both doses of oestrogen or pre-irradiation injection, the testis was nearly similar to normal pattern. On the other hand, with post-irradiation injection, the testis was nearly similar to irradiation pattern. It was concluded that pre-irradiation injection of single or fractionated doses of oestrogen could result in improving the effect on the structural changes of testis in the irradiated rat
ABSTRACT
The present study examines the effect of noise which is a type of stress on the different layers of the adrenal gland. Sixteen adult white rats; both males and females weighting 200-250 gm were used. The animals were divided into two groups eight rats each, the first group was used as a control, the second group was exposed to sound six hours daily for ten days. Then the animals were killed and the suprarenal glands were extracted. Samples of about 1 cm thickness were taken from the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. The samples were prepared for electron microscope study. It was found that the noise induced significant changes in the cortex in the form of degenerative changes of some cells in zona glomerulosa. Also the zona fasiculata showed dilatation of the cristea of the mitochondria also the zona reticularis showed some dilatation of crestea of mitochondria and degeneration of some cells but the most significant changes after noise exposure were present in the medulla where the catecholamine granules were markedly decreased after releasing from the medulla, also it showed vacuolation in the cytoplasm and degenerated of its mitochondria The aim of this study was to know the effect of noise on the ultrastructural of the adrenal gland
ABSTRACT
Ethanol is one of the most common materials used. It is widely used either in drugs or as a drink. In this study fourteen white adult rats were used, they divided into two groups. The first group was used as a control and consisted of four rats, the second group consisted of ten rats and given ethanol orally for one month. Ethanol caused damage to the Purkinje cell of the cerebellum either to the cells or to its fibers. Ethanol caused dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. And vacuolation in the cytoplasm of the Purkinje cell. The myelin sheath showed degeneration. Also there were dilatation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the dendrites. Vacuoles appeared in dendrites and in the axons