ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is rapidly becoming one of the main health issues among humans in the 21[st] century. The increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes has been observed as a global public health problem in children and adolescents. This work was conducted aimed to estimate the prevalence of type I diabetes and to describe some related characteristics of cases in a sample of adolescent primary and secondary school girls of Riyadh city, KSA
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the academic year 2016-2017. Data were collected via a predesigned and pretested questionnaire to gather the relevant data. The total number of participants was 154 adolescent girls
Results: The overall prevalence of type I diabetes among the studied adolescent girls was 5.2% with Mean[ +/- SD] age was 14.08 [ +/- 3.4]. All diabetic girls were Saudi. Only 25% of the cases were using a hormonal contraception. No smoking history or other chronic diseases was detected among them
Conclusion: The present study establishes the prevalence of type 1 DM among Saudi adolescent girls to be 5.2%. We suggest repeating this study periodically, with concentration on the various possible etiological and risk factors. Also we recommend conducting similar studies in other areas of Saudi Arabia to get more information about Diabetes. Awareness campaigns and continuous medical education is of utmost importance to detect the disease to guard against development of complications
ABSTRACT
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in childhood. There are various risk factors that could lead to epilepsy. However, a few studies have shown that there is a strong link between epilepsy and consanguinity. Further, population studies revealed an increased familial clustering of epilepsy among first degree and to a lesser extent second degree relatives
Aim of the work: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of epilepsy among school children and adolescents [6-18 years] in Northern Saudi Arabia and consanguinity between parents
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of students aged 6-18 years in all primary, preparatory, and secondary schools in Northern Saudi Arabia, KSA during the academic year 2016-2017. Parents of the studied cases were given a predesigned and pretested questionnaire to collect the relevant data on presence of physicians diagnosed epilepsy, consanguinity between parents and family history of epilepsy
Results: Consanguinity between parents was significantly associated with the development of epilepsy where 59.1% of epilepsy patients who participated in the current study had parents who were cousins and 13.6% were non-relatives of the same family and only 22.7% of cases had no relation between their parents [p=0.000]. Family history of epilepsy was significantly associated with the development of it where 68.2% of epilepsy patients who participated in the current study had positive family history, while about half of them [31.8%] had negative family history [p=0.000]
Conclusion: Consanguinity between parents was significantly associated with the development of epilepsy in Northern Saudi Arabia. Decision makers must regulate effective health education sessions to aware the public about consanguinity between parents as a significant risk factor of the epilepsy
ABSTRACT
Background: Tina capitis is a mycosis caused by dermatophytes that invade the keratinized tissues such as skin, nails, and hair. It is important to know the prevalence, route of transmission and risk factors of these infections for prevention and treatment of this disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rate and risk factor associated with tinea capitis in the general population of Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia
Methods: Cross sectional hospital based study. Data collected from 180 participant aged 5- 60 years, attending three randomly selected primary healthcare centers in Arar city during the period from 1st January to 30th June 2017. Participants selected using a systemic random sampling procedure as we take every second person attending the PHC during the study period. Each participant interviewed separately, and confidentiality assured. Data was collected by means of personal interview with the sampled person using a predesigned questionnaire covering the needed items
Results: The overall prevalence of tinea capitis among the studied population was 31.1%. Males were more affected [56.7%] than females [P value>0.05] and 35% of cases aged from 16-21 years [P value>0.05]
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of tinea capitis among Arar population was 31.1%. This indicates the high tendencies of spread of tinea capitis through human-to-human mode of transmission and possible animal contact. Community health education on the cause, mode of transmission, prevention, and prompt treatment of tinea capitis is recommended