The significance of eosinophils in the correlation of upper and lower airway inflammation in patients with chronic rhinitis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the predictor of lower airway inflammation among the index of nasal inflammation by investigating the expression and association of eosinophils (EOS) in the upper-lower airways and blood of patients with chronic rhinitis.@*Methods@#A total of 162 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), 117 patients with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) and 104 controls were enrolled from June 2010 to December 2013 from General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, People′s Liberation Army. All subjects were required detailed medical history collection and nasal resistance measurement. Skin prick test (SPT), blood total immunoglobin E (tIgE) and blood EOS, nasal lavage and induced sputum EOS, nasal provocation and bronchial provocation test (NPT, BPT), nasal and forced exhaled nitric oxide (NNO, FeNO) were performed in all patients. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups. LSD t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups. Pearson or Spearman related parameter test was used for correlation analysis.@*Results@#The nasal lavage EOS, NNO, induced sputum EOS, FeNO, blood EOS and tIgE were higher in the AR group than that in the NAR group (3.70[1.20, 14.23]/200 HP vs 1.40[0.20, 3.40]/200 HP, 673.50[466.80, 936.00] ppb vs 455.80[248.10, 705.60] ppb, 2.97[0.00, 10.63]% vs 1.00[0.23, 2.00]%, (49.28±26.37)ppb vs (34.07±19.11)ppb, 4.00[2.00, 7.00]% vs 2.00[1.00, 5.00]%, 208.01[61.70, 387.50] IU/ml vs 43.30[19.00, 122.00] IU/ml, F or χ2 value was 11.442, 19.440, 70.727, 69.449, 47.453, 46.525, respectively, all P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in nasal resistance, NPT and BPT between the two groups. Nasal lavage EOS in AR group and NAR group was correlated with induced sputum EOS, FeNO, tIgE and blood EOS (r value of AR group was 0.448, 0.202, 0.159, 0.321, r value of NAR group was 0.442, 0.268, 0.268, 0.334, respectively, all P<0.05), but not with BPT. After adjustment for gender, age, height and weight, nasal EOS was positively correlated with sputum EOS. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nasal EOS, blood EOS and SPT were factors affecting sputum EOS levels. The optimal threshold for nasal EOS to determine induced sputum EOS was 3.30/200 HP by (receiver operating characteristic,ROC) analysis.@*Conclusion@#The nasal EOS is correlated with multiple lower airway and systemic inflammatory markers, and is a risk factor for the induced sputum EOS, which can be used as an inflammation biomarker to predict the lower air inflammation.

Effect of treating allergic rhinitis with intranasal corticosteroids on small airway function / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of administration intranasal corticosteroids on small airway disfunction for allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. METHODS AR patients with small airway disfunction were administrated intranasal corticosteroids for twelve weeks. Before treatment, nasal VAS, RQLQ were recorded, pulmonary function test were given. After therapy, VAS, RQLQ were obtained again at the 4th, 8th and 12th week. Pulmonary function test were performed at the 4th and 12th week. RESULTS VAS, RQLQ were all improved after therapy (P <0.01). The indices of FEV1/FVC%, MMEF pred%, MEF75pred%, MEF50pred%, MEF25pred%were also improved significantly (P<0.05), especially for MMEFpred%, MEF75pred%, MEF50pred% (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Small airway lesions can be obviously improved by the intranasal corticosteroids applied for AR. It has positive significance for preventing AR from developing into asthma.

Changes in small airway function in patients with non-allergic rhinitis / 医学研究生学报

Objective Small airway hypofunction is an early manifestation of asthmatic airway injury and is found in patients with non-asthma allergic rhinitis.However, no report has been seen on the changes of small airway function in patients with non-aller-gic rhinitis ( NAR) .This study was to investigate the possibility of small airway lesion in NAR patients and its relationship with airway responsiveness by observing the changes of small airway function in NAR patients without asthma and/or lower airway symptoms. Methods We recruited 324 subjects for this study, including 262 NAR patients and 62 healthy controls, and assigned them to an air-way hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and a non-airway hyperresponsiveness (nAHR) group.All the subjects underwent medical history collection, nasal examination, allergen skin prick test, blood routine test, serum total immunoglobin E assay, pulmonary function test, and bronchial challenge test. Results Compared with the healthy con-trols, the NAR patients showed remarkably lower predicted percenta-ges of maximal mid-expiratory flow ([85.6 ±17.1] vs [81.3 ± 19.9]%), mid-expiratory flow (MEF) with 75% of forced vital ca-pacity (FVC) expired ([96.1 ±16.1] vs [88.8 ±23.1]%), MEF with 50%of FVC expired ([88.4 ±17.8] vs [84.8 ±20.8]%), and MEF with 25%of FVC expired ([92.7 ±25.9] vs [82.9 ± 28.7]%) (P0.05).The positive rate of AHR was 6.1% (16/246) in the NAR group.All the indices of small airway function were significantly lower in the AHR than in the nAHR group (P <0.01). Conclusion NAR patients are apt to undergo obvious changes in small airway function, some with AHR, which is associated with lower airway function changes.

Clinical effect of carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of laryngeal papilloma / 医学研究生学报

Objective Our study was aimed to study the clinical effect of carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of adult laryn -geal papilloma . Methods Clinical data of patients with adult laryngeal papilloma received treatment at our hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 was retrospectively analyzed .Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of treatment , observation group:received carbon dioxide laser treatment;control group:received tumor forceps treatment .Participants included 61 cases of pa-tients, the observation group of 26 cases, control group 35 cases.Compare the general clinical data , short-term clinical effects(opera-tion time, length of hospital stay , complications , short-term curative effect ) , the change of immune inflammation indexes before and after operation and postoperative recurrence in 1 year of two groups patients. Results The operation time and the length of hospital stay in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group[(33.66 ±4.71)min vs (37.19 ±5.21)min,(4.07 ±1.25)d vs (4.83 ±1.38)d, P 4.11) ng/L, (36.16 ±7.37) ng/L, (12.63 ±4.12) ng/L.The differences of these parameters between the two groups were signifi-cant (P<0.001).Observation group patients had a lower rate of recurrence 1 year after surgery than that of control group patients (12.00%vs 37.93%, P=0.029). Conclusion In the treatment of adult laryngeal papilloma , carbon dioxide laser can achieve a better minimally invasive and lower postoperative recurrence when compare to tumor forceps treatment .

Changes in small airway function in rhinitis without asthma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Observe the changes of small airway function in patients with rhinitis but without asthma and/or lower airway symptoms.@*METHOD@#Between June 2008 and December 2012, we recruited 903 subjects, including 377 with allergic rhinitis (AR), 262 with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) and 264 healthy subjects. All subjects underwent meticulous history taking, nasal examination, allergen skin prick test, blood routine test, serum total immunoglobin E assay, pulmonary ventilation function test and bronchial challenge test.@*RESULT@#The indices of FEV1/FVC%, MEF25pred% and MMEFpred% were lower in AR group than in the control group (P 0.05). The positive rate of airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR) in AR group and in NAR group was 12.2%, 6.1% respectively. Indices of small airway function were all lower in the AHR group than NAHR group in rhinitis.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with healthy controls, small airway function in patients with rhinitis has apparent changes, part of rhinitis patients has AHR, and is associated with small airway function changes.

Changes of extracellular matrix of nasal mucosa in guinea pig model of prolonged allergic-induced rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to explore the changes of the extracellular matrix in nasal mucosa by a guinea pig model of prolonged allergic-induced rhinitis.@*METHOD@#Thirty-two male Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: allergen challenged groups (Group 2 w, Group 6 w and Group 12 w) and a control group. Ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs were repeatedly challenged with allergen twice a week from 2 weeks to 12 weeks. Matched control groups were challenged with physiological saline. Nasal mucosa were obtained from the animals killed. Hematoxylin-Eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining against transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), Collagen III and Collagen I were performed to nasal mucosa.@*RESULT@#(1) Pathological examination showed obvious infiltration of eosinophils and the enlarged thickness of epithelial layer of nasal mucosa in the experiment groups. (2) The area ratios of blue stained in the extracellular matrix of nasal mucosa were increased. The area ratios of blue stained were statistically different in Group 6 w and Group 12 w compared with the control group. (3) The increasing absorbance of TGF-beta1 were statistically different in the experiment groups with the control group. The absorbance of Collagen III and Collagen I showed a rising trend along prolonged allergen challenged in the experiment groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Prolonged allergen challenge and the inflammation of nasal mucosa, can lead to the increasing of the inflammation relevant factors and the deposit of collagen in the extracellular matrix of nasal mucosa.

Prolonged allergen challenge in a guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis leads to nasal mucosa remodeling / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to use a guinea pig model of prolonged allergic-induced rhinitis to characterize the feature of nasal mucosa remodeling.@*METHOD@#Forty-eight male Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into six groups: allergen challenged groups (Group OVA(2w) , Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w)) and control groups respectively (Group Sal(2w), Group Sal(6w) and Group Sal(12w)). Each group had 8 guinea pigs. To develop a guinea pig model of nasal mucosa remodeling, ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs were repeatedly challenged with allergen twice a week from two weeks to 12 weeks. Matched control groups were challenged with physiological saline. Nasal lavage was performed 24 hours after the last intranasal challenge. Then nasal mucosa were obtained. HE, AB-PAS, MT, and immunohistochemical staining against transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) were performed. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and OVA-special IgE (OVA-sIgE) were detected by ELISA in nasal lavage fluid.@*RESULT@#(1) The levels of OVA-sIgE in nasal lavage fluid in Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w) were significantly different from Group OVA(2w), while the levels of ECP had no significant difference among the experiment groups. The levels of OVA-sIgE and ECP in experiment groups were significantly different from control groups respectively (P < 0.01). (2) Grade 0 and Grade 1 of epithelial damage were significantly different in Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w) when compared with from Group OVA(2w) (P < 0.01). At the same time, Grade 0 and Grade 1 of epithelial damage were statistically different in the experiment groups when compared with the respectively control groups (P < 0.05). (3) Goblet gland hyperplasia and collagen deposit within the extracellular matrix (ECM) were easily found in Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w) compared with Group OVA(2w) (P < 0.01). The number of goblet gland and the ratio of collagen deposit were statistically more in Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w) than in Group Sal(6w) and Group Sal(12w) (P < 0.05). That feature of the ratio of collagen deposit did not show in Group OVA(2w) versus Group Sal(2w). (4) Increased TGF-beta1 expressions were observed in Group OVA(6w) and Group OVA(12w) compared with Group OVA(2w) (P < 0.01). Those increasing expressions were also observed in experiment groups rather than in the respectively control groups (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Epithelial damage, goblet cells hyperplasia and collagen deposition in ECM were observed as the features of remodeling in this guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis under prolonged allergen challenge. Epithelial damage, excessive expression of related cytokines and enhancement activity of enzymes were observed in early time after challenge of allergen. The features of goblet cells hyperplasia and collagen deposition in ECM were observed at a later stage.

Fabrication of Allogenic Cartilage in A Tube Lined with Epithelium and A Novel Scaffold / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the feasibility of engineering cartilage tissue in a tube lined with epithelium and implanting allogenic chondrocytes into a novel scaffold consisting of chitosan nonwoven cloth coated with poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA).The focus of the present study is to explore a new way of repairing laryngeal and tracheal defects.Methods Allogenic chondrocytes were obtained from the auricles of 1-month-old rabbits.After being cultured in vitro for three to four passages,the cells were implanted into the scaffolds to form composite grafts and then transplanted into the rabbits.After 6,12,and 18 weeks,the general,histological characteristics were investigated.Results The cobweb-like matrix was observed approximately 1 week after the chondrocytes had been implanted into the scaffolds.At 6 weeks,the matrix was secreted,and there were immature chondrocytes in the grafts.At 12 weeks,the allogenic cartilage in the tube lined with epithelium had been created.Chondrocytes were almost mature and the lacunae had formed.At 18 weeks,the neocartilage was similar to native cartilage.Conclusion It is feasible to fabricate allogenic cartilage in a tube lined with epithelium by implanting allogenic chondrocytes into a novel scaffold made of chitosan nonwoven cloth coated with PLGA.

Application of frontal drill in revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the application of frontal drill in revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery.@*METHOD@#The clinical data of 11 adult patients (18 sides) suffering from chronic recurrent frontal sinusitis were analyzed retrospectively. The patients received revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery with frontal drill because of difficulty in confirming ostia under endoscope. Postoperatively all cases were followed up to evaluate the efficacy.@*RESULT@#The ostia of frontal sinus were successfully opened with this method in all cases, and no serious complications occurred except hemorrhage due to injury of anterior ethmoidal artery in 1 case. After 7 to 35 months follow-up postoperatively, the symptoms vanished in all cases and none recurred. The endoscopic examinations showed well-opening of frontal sinus ostia.@*CONCLUSION@#Localization of frontal ostium with frontal drill is a simple, convenient, safe and effective accessorial method for revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery.

Diagnosis of obstructive level in pharynx with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome with multiple detector-row spiral CT / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the diagnostic significance of multiple detector-row spiral CT(MSCT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHOD@#Sixty-seven patients with OSAHS and 40 volunteers were scanned. The CT imagings from the nasopharyngeal floor to the glottis obtained. The relevant dimensions of area, diameter, thickness of retropharyngeal tissue were measured in some regions in imagings including nasopharynx, oral pharynx and hypopharynx, as well as the narrowest region in pharynx.@*RESULT@#1) The values of area, left-right diameter and front-back diameter of oral pharyngeal imagings of patients with OSAHS were narrowest regions which were (133.5 +/- 32. 9) mm2, (12.5 +/- 2.0) mm, (10.4 +/- 1.8) mm respectively. The value of above parameters of oral pharyngeal imagings of volunteers were (238.5 +/- 46.5) mm2, (20.4 +/- 3.1) mm, (21.1 +/- 4.0) mm respectively. The values of two groups had marked difference by statistics (P< 0.01). 2) The narrowest regions were located in oral pharynx in the imagings of 58 patients with OSAHS, which located in soft palate site in 19 patients, in oral pharynx site in 11 patients and in retro-lingua site in 28 patients. The narrowest regions were located in nasopharynx in the imagings of 3 patients. None of the narrowest region was found in hypopharynx. The narrowest regions, which all located in oral pharynx, were measured in the imagings of 24 volunteers. 3) The values of area, left-right and front-back diameter of the narrowest regions of imaging of 58 patients with OSAHS among 67 patients were (75.6 +/- 17.9) mm2, (10.6 +/- 2.1) mm, (6.9 +/- 1.0) mm respectively. The values of bove parameter of the most narrowest regions of imagings of volunteer were (187.3 +/- 35.6) mm2, (21.4 +/- 4.3) mm, (15.6 +/- 2.7) mm respectively. There were significant difference in statistics among the data of these groups (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The imagings of MSCT may provide accurate diagnosis in OSAHS. Patients with OSAHS always had anatomically narrow in pharynx, especially in oral pharynx.

The study of resilience of oral pharyngeal wall in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome applied with multiple detector-row spiral CT / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the resilience of oral pharyngeal wall in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHOD@#Applied with multiple detector-row spiral CT, 24 patients with OSAHS and 10 volunteers were scanned from nasopharynx to hypopharynx under the normal breathing state and the breathing state of Muller maneuver. The relevant dimensions of area and thickness of retropharyngeal soft tissue were measured in some level in imagings including the soft palatal level, the lingual level and the epiglottic level, then the resilience of these levels were calculated according to the above data.@*RESULT@#The values of resilience of oral pharyngeal wall were larger in patients with OSAHS than those in the volunteers. The difference of the values of resilience in soft palatal level and lingual level was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The values of thickness of retropharyngeal soft tissue in the soft palatal level, the lingual level and the epiglottic level were respectively (7.5 +/- 2.2) mm, (4.8 +/- 1.3) mm, and (2.3 +/- 0.2) mm. There was a significant difference in the thickness in soft palatal level between the patients with OSAHS and the volunteers (P < 0.01). The indexes of Pearson correlation of between the thickness of retropharyngeal soft tissue and the resilience of the pharyngeal wall decreased from the soft palatal level to the epiglottic level in these two groups. Only the value of correlation coefficient in the soft palatal level was statistically significant in patients with OSAHS.@*CONCLUSION@#The study suggested that the resilience of pharyngeal wall could be quantitated by applying with multiple detector-row spiral CT. The resilience of oral pharyngeal and its correlation with thickness of retropharyngeal soft tissue may be the highest in soft palatal level.

Hydrophilicity and adsorptivity of a novel scaffold twice embedded by lecithin and poly-L-lysine to human nasal septum chondrocytes / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Chitosan is a kind of natural biomaterial and is characterized by great biocompatibility, progressive degeneration and absorption and excellent mechanical property; however, whether it may become an ideal cytoskeleton in the engineering of cartilage tissue or not should be researched further.OBJECTIVE: To observe the hydrophilicity and adsorptivity to human nasal septum chondrocytes and the effect of its function of a novel scaffold made by [poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide)] (PLGA)/chitosan nonwoven cloth embedded with lecithin (LEC) and poly-L-lysine (PLYS).DESIGN: Blank control study.SETTING: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from October 2005 to June 2006. Chitosan nonwoven cloth was provided by Hainan Xinlong Company. The mainly technical parameters were detailed as the follows: degree of deacetylation ≥ 90% and relative molecular weight 2-5 × 105. PLGA/chitosan nonwoven cloth scaffold was made in Department of Otolaryngology-Hean and Neck Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA and High Polymer Institute of Sun Yat-sen University. The mainly technical parameters were detailed as the follows: mole ratio between monome lactide and glycolide 75:25, porosity 82%-86%, pore diamater 100-300 μm, shear strength 48 MPa, depth 1.5 mm and completely degenerated duration 14-18 weeks. Human nasal septum chondrocytes were the septal cartilage of nose which was derived from operated patients with deflection of nasal septum under sterile condition.METHODS: PLGA/chitosan nonwoven cloth was sheared into pieces with the size of 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm, dipped in 0.01 volume fraction of LEC anhydrous alcohol and 1 g/L PLYS for 6 hours, dealt with ultraviolet radiation after dehydration for 1hour, dipped in 0.75 volume fraction of ethanol for 24 hours, washed with Hanks solution, and incubated for 24 hours. After operations mentioned above, two kinds of novel scaffolds containing various components were obtained, and they were simple scaffold and scaffold embedded with LEC and PLYS. Cells derived from the third generation of human nasal septum chondrocytes were used to make suspension. In addition, cell suspension was grown on those two scaffolds to determine the degree of hydrophilicity through observing diffused degree of cell suspension. Whether cell suspension of human nasal septum chondrocytes was wafted on scaffolds or not were observed under phase contrast microscope so as to determine adsorptivity between cells and scaffolds; meanwhile, growth of cells and production of matrix were also observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Hydrophilicity of those two kinds of scaffolds (diffused degree of cell suspension of human nasal septum chondrocytes on scaffold) and adsorptivity to cells (whether cell suspension of human nasal septum chondrocytes was wafted on scaffolds or not); ② growth of cells and production of matrix.RESULTS: ① When simple scaffold was put in cell suspension of human nasal septum chondrocytes, cell suspension showing like balls attached to the surface of scaffold, and then, scattered into space of scaffold gradually. During the period of culture, phase contrast microscope indicated that masses of cells attached to the surface of fiber of scaffold.When the petri dish was shaken, cell groups drifted irregularly. The adherent rate was (21±3.7)%. With the cultured time passing by, matrix was not produced. ② When scaffold embedded with LEC and PLYS was put in cell suspension of human nasal septum chondrocytes, cell suspension scattered into space of scaffold rapidly. The adherent rate was (89±5.6)%, which was higher than that of single scaffold group. This suggested that scaffold showed a strong hydrophilicity.Phase contrast microscope indicated that chondrocytes as the form of monome or community were distributed between scaffold and fiber averagely and attached to the surface of fiber of scaffold. When the petri dish was shaken, cell groups did not drift irregularly, and only a few of cells were scarred at the bottom of petri dish. This suggested that scaffold had a strong adsorptivity to cells. One week after culture, matrix showing like cobweb was produced among fibers of scaffold.With the cultured time passing by, matrix was produced abundantly.CONCLUSION: The novel scaffold of PLGA/chitosan nonwoven cloth embedded with LEC and PLYS is characterized by an excellent hydrophilicity and adsorptivity to human nasal septum chondrocytes; meanwhile, it also can secrete matrix.

Status of patients with allergic rhinitis combined with bronchial asthma in Nanjing and the correlation of clinical characteristics / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Both Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are allergic diseases of respiratory tract. They frequently coexist in the same patients.OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of allergic rhinitis in patients with bronchial asthma in Nanjing, and to analyze the correlation of clinical characteristic between allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.DESIGN: The questionnaire survey.SETTING: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Respiratory, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 134 patients with bronchial asthma including 73 males and 61 females were selected form Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from February 2001 to April 2005. Their ages ranged from 3 to 72 years. Severity of asthma of all patients was classified based on Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). The diagnostic criteria of allergic rhinitis were established referred to the guideline of Haikou Meeting (November, 1997). All patients provided the confirmed consent.METHODS: The questionnaire survey of 134 bronchial asthma patients from the city of Nanjing was conducted. Their age, classification, severity, treatment status, and the family history of all 134 patients were investigated in details. Differences of age, age at onset, and course of disease between rhinitis and asthma of all patients were examined by two independent t tests. The correlation between clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES : Incidence of allergic rhinitis in patients with bronchial asthma and the correlation of clinical characteristic between allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.RESULTS：Of all 134 bronchial asthma patients，82(61．2％,82/134)were accompanied with allergic rhinitis．There were 45 males and 37 females．Of 82 patients with allergic rhinitis accompanying with bronchial asthma，severity was classified into grade Ⅰ (mild pause,n=56)，grade Ⅱ (mild persistence，n=21)，grade Ⅲ (moderate persistence，n=4)，and grade Ⅳ (severe persistence，n=1)．In addition,allergic rhinitis was classified into periodicity (n=65) and persistence(n=17)．According to the classification and seventy system recommended in ARIA,63 patients had mild symptoms and 19 had moderate and severe symptoms．Severity of allergic rhinitis was positively related to that of bronchial asthma(r=0.689,P＜0．01)．CONCLUSION: The morbidity of allergic rhinitis combining with bronchial asthma is high in Nanjing, China. While, their classification and severity are highly coherent.

The questionnaire survey of children allergic rhini-tis in Nanjing / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

0.05). Ac-cording to the classification criteria of ARIA in 2001, 26 children suffered from intermittent A(R22 mild cases,4 moderate-severe cases),while 22 suf-fered from persistent AR(10 mild cases,12 mod-erate-severe cases). Forty percent patients with AR also had bronchial asthma. Domestic decora-tion was an important factor in the induction of AR and 27.1% of the children with AR had inher-ent predisposition. CONCLUSION The prevalence rate of AR in children aged from 9 to 10 in Nanjing is 5.1 %. Strategy of prevention and treatment of AR should beworked out according to the epidemic feature of AR.

Treatment of moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome with modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic effect of modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) combined with temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation(TCRFA) in the treatment of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) . METHODS A total of 83 patients with moderate or severe OSAHS were underwent modified UPPPcombined with TCRFA. All patients were followed-up more than 2 years. Polysomnography was examined at 6 months,1 year and 2 years after operation. RESULTS The curative rate,obvious effective rate and effective rate were 28.9 %,33.7 % and 20.5 % respectively with a total effective rate of 83.1 % at 2 years after operation. The PSG showed that,the AHI values decreased signifi cantly(P

The detection of nitric oxide in nasal chronic inflammation and polyposis / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

0.05); The concentrations of NO in nasal polyp tissues was higher than that of the nasal mucosa in control group(P

Correlation of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis with lower airway inflammatory diseases / 医学研究生学报

0.05). Conclusion: Although the mechanism of the correlation between upper and lower airway inflammatory diseases is not yet clear,chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis may share some characteristics in involving the lower airway.

Application of video laryngoscope in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal diseases / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of video laryngoscope in diagnosis of laryngeal diseases. To study the effect of video laryngoscope in treatment of laryngeal diseases.Method:Pentax VNL-1530T and Olympus BF-240T video laryngoscope were used in diagnosis of 3628 cases of laryngeal diseases and in treatment of 1221 cases of laryngeal diseases.Result:3628 cases were examined by video laryngoscope,and correct diagnosis was made.768 cases of vocal cord polyp and 249 cases of vocal cord node were excised, 113 cases of foreign bodies in hypopharynx or larynx were removed.91 cases of other laryngeal diseases were treated under video laryngoscope.Conclusion: Video laryngoscope is a new excellent instrument in diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal disease.