Appraisal of Magic Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis Studies

An investigation was carried out to estimate genetic parameters, assess association and path coefficient analysis among growth, yield and yield attributes in Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). A total of 100 MAGIC lines along with seven checks were evaluated in augmented design during summer 2022 at ZAHRS, KSNUAHS, Shivamogga. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the advanced lines for all the traits under study. The variability studies among the lines revealed a higher Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV), Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV), heritability and Genetic Advance as Percent of Mean (GAM) for majority of traits. The correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that traits tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, test weight and length/breadth ratio were positively associated with yield. Selection of lines with higher filled grains per panicle would be effective for yield improvement program along with the higher percentages of productive tillers per plant, panicle length and spikelet fertility.

Analysis of Genetic Variability and Correlation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Recombinant Inbred Lines (F6) for Yield and Its Component Traits

grain yield and its component traits in 150 rice recombinant inbred lines, their parents and six checks at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad and AHRS, Kathalagere in wet 2022. The experiments were laid out in an augmented block design with five blocks. Phenotypic coefficients of variance were higher than genotypic coefficients of variance for all the traits across the locations. A joint consideration of high heritability in broad sense (h2) and genetic advance as per cent mean estimates were obtained for plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, test weight, grain yield per plant suggesting that the traits were primarily under genetic control. Furthermore, high heritability (h2) and GAM recorded in these characters could be explained by additive gene action. However, high estimates (h2) combined with moderate GAM recorded for days to 50% flowering could be due to non-additive gene effect. Grain yield per plant recorded positive and significant correlation with the total number of grains per panicle (0.32***, 0.30***) and number of productive tillers per plant (0.21***, 0.26***) at both the locations. This result indicates that selection based on these two traits will be highly effective for yield improvement in rice.

An MRA Based MLR Model for Forecasting Indian Annual Rainfall Using Large Scale Climate Indices

A novel method for rainfall forecasting has been proposed using Multi Resolution Analysis (MRA). This approach decomposes annual rainfall series and long-term climate indices into component sub-series at different temporal scales, allowing for a more detailed analysis of the factors influencing annual rainfall. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is then used to predict annual rainfall, with climate indices sub-series as predictive variables, using a step-wise linear regression algorithm. The proposed model has been tested on Indian annual rainfall data and compared with the traditional MLR model. Results show that the MRA-based model outperforms the traditional model in terms of relative absolute error and correlation coefficient metrics. The proposed method offers several advantages over traditional methods as it can identify underlying factors affecting annual rainfall at different temporal scales, providing more accurate and reliable rainfall forecasts for better water resource management and agricultural planning. In conclusion, the MRA-based approach is a promising tool for improving the accuracy of annual rainfall predictions, and its implementation can lead to better water resource management and agricultural planning.

Pyrimidinethione derivatives with tosyl substitution: Synthesis, and antimicrobial property investigation.

Substitution of tosyl group on hydroxyacetophenones orhydroxybenzaldehyde and their subsequent condensation yielded several tosyloxy substituted chalcones which were derivatized to obtain the corresponding pyrimidinethione derivatives. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. These compounds were subjected to initial screening for their bioactivity using zone of inhibition method and were found moderately active against the tested microorganisms, viz. Mycobacterium smegmatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans.

Bamboo shoot – Is it edible or poisonous.

Bamboo is just another grass with an endless list of uses. Bamboo shoot contains a cyanogenic glycoside ‘amygdalin’ composed of glucose, benzaldehyde and cyanide. We present a case of a 14 year old female patient with history of consumption of bamboo shoot extract (juice) who was brought in an unconscious state and admitted to the Department of Medicine in our hospital. She was treated symptomatically with supportive therapy after conducting relevant laboratory investigations. The patient recovered consciousness after 2 days and was discharged after 10 days of admission.

Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia with dens invaginatus.

Although developmental anomalies of tooth number are quite common in permanent dentition, concomitant occurrence of hypohyperdontia is a very rare mixed numeric anomalous condition of teeth. Very few cases of this condition have been reported in the English literature. Here we report such a rare case noted in a 26 year-old male dental graduate with no other associated systemic condition or syndrome.

A case of suicidal rat poisoning masquerading as homicide.

This is a case report of bromadiolone poisoning, which was mistaken initially as a case of assault and homicide by the relatives and police. Bromadiolone acts by inhibiting vitamin K synthesis and produces multiple areas of bleeding that can bear a superficial resemblance to contusions. The history however, later revealed that the deceased had consumed a rat poison whose main constituent was bromadiolone. The clinical diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation was supported by the his-topathology findings, and the toxicological analysis confirmed the presence of bromadiolone. The antidote to this compound is vitamin K1 and in severe cases, whole blood or plasma also should be used. Once the patient has stabilized, and in less severe cases, vitamin K1 can be given orally.

Oral focal mucinosis: report of two cases / Mucinose oral focal: relato de dois casos

Purpose: Oral focal mucinosis (OFM), an oral counterpart of cutaneous focal mucinosis, is a rare disease of unknown etiology. Its pathogenesis may be due to overproduction of hyaluronic acid by fibroblast at the expense of collagen production, resulting in focal myxoid degeneration of connective tissue primarily affecting the mucosa overlying bone. It has no distinctive clinical features, since the diagnosis is solely based on histopathological features. This paper reports two cases and discusses clinicopathological, immunohistochemical features and differential diagnosis of myxomatous lesions of the oral cavity. Case description: The two cases of OFM lesions were present in a 50 year-old patient on the hard palate and in a 26 year-old female patient in the mandible, which seem to be the first report in the Indian population. Conclusion: The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of Vimentin and S-100 protein may play a vital role in the correct diagnosis of OFM.

Objetivo: Mucinose oral focal (MOF), uma lesão equivalente à mucinose cutânea focal, é uma doença rara de etiologia desconhecida. Sua patogênese pode ser devido a superprodução de ácido hialurônico pelo fibroblasto às expensas de produção de colágeno, resultando em degeneração mixoide focal de tecido conjuntivo primariamente afetando a mucosa sobre o osso. Não tem características clínicas distintas e o diagnóstico é baseado somente em características histopatológicas. Este artigo relata dois casos e discute as características clinico-patológicas e imuno-histoquímicas, bem como o diagnóstico diferencial de lesões mixomatosas da cavidade bucal. Descrição dos casos: Os dois casos de lesões de MOF estavam presentes no palato duro de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 50 anos de idade, e na mandíbula de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 26 anos. Estes parecem ser os primeiros casos relatados na população da India. Conclusão: A análise histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica de Vimentin e proteína S-100 podem ter um papel importante no correto diagnóstico de MOF.

Osteoid osteoma.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor of the bone which arises from osteoblasts and is extremely rare in jaws. Only 15 cases of osteoid osteoma have been reported in English-language literature. This case report is presented here due to its rarity.

Histochemical and polarization microscopic study of two cases of vegetable/pulse granuloma.

Vegetable granuloma (VG) or pulse granuloma (PG) results from the implantation of food particles of plant or vegetable origin. It is usually seen in the periapical or in the sulcus areas. These lesions have been described as a distinct entity and classified into central and peripheral lesions according to the location. Central lesions are asymptomatic, whereas peripheral lesions present as painless sub-mucosal swellings. Many authors have postulated that food particles in VG or PG get implanted and are rapidly digested, and sometimes partly get altered by host responses. The cellulose part of plant foods being indigestible persists in the form of hyaline material, whereas the starch matter gets digested. This cellulose moiety invokes chronic granulomatous response.

Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Clerodendrum serratum L.

The ethanol extract of C. serratum roots and ursolic acid isolated from it were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity in male Wistar strain rats. The parameters studied were estimation of liver function serum markers such as serum total bilirubin, total protein, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities. The ursolic acid showed more significant hepatoprotective activity than crude extract. The histological profile of the liver tissue of the root extract and ursolic acid treated animal showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration as similar to the controls. The results when compared with the standard drug silymarin, revealed that the hepatoprotective activity of the constituent ursolic acid is significant as similar to the standard drug.

Hepatoprotective activity of Leucas hirta against CCl4 induced hepatic damage in rats.

Methanol and aqueous leaf extracts of L. hirta demonstrated hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in rats. The parameters studied were serum total bilirubin, total protein, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities. The hepatoprotective activity was also supported by histopathological studies of liver tissue. Results of the biochemical studies of blood samples of CCl4 treated animals showed significant increase in the levels of serum markers and decrease in total protein level reflecting the liver injury caused by CCl4. Whereas blood samples from the animals treated with methanol and aqueous leaf extracts showed significant decrease in the levels of serum markers and increase in total protein indicating the protection of hepatic cells. The results revealed that methanol leaf extract followed by aqueous extract of L. hirta could afford significant protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury.