Analysis on detection of serum vitamins and antioxidative indexes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the serum levels of vitamins and antioxidative indexes as well as theircorrelations with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD),and to analyze the influence of different detection methods on same index detection result.Methods Eighty NAFLD patients diagnosed by ultrasound were chosen for detecting the indexes,including the levels of serum RBP,vitamin A (VA),vitamin D (VD,ELISA and enzyme donor competition method),vitamin E (VE),vitamin B12 (VB12),and antioxidative indexes,including malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD,pyrogallol substrate method and WST-1 method) and reduced glutathione (GSH).Results Compared with the normal reference values,the deficiency rate of serum RBP,VA,VD,VE and SOD in NAFLD patients were 11.6％,38.4％,7.9％,86.0％ and 27.9％ respectively.The serum GSH level in the NAFLD group was lower than that in the healthy control group (P＜0.01).Detecting serum VD and SOD by different detection method found that the difference among different detection methods had statistical significance (P＜0.01).Conclusion The levels of serum VA,VE,GSH and SOD in NAFLD patients are significantly reduced.These detection indicators have the important significance for clinical diagnosis of NAFLD.

Effect of Junzhi beverageⅠon neurobehavioral functions in subjects exposed to long-term sustained work / 军事医学

Objective To determine the ameliorative effects of Junzhi beverageⅠon neurobehavioral functions in subjects exposed to long-term sustained work.Methods Forty male students of a military institution were randomized into control group ( n=20 ) and the intervention group ( n=20 ) .All the subjects were exposed to 10-hours′high intensity mental work continuously (8∶00-18∶00).At 12∶50, the intervention group drunk a bottle of water with Junzhi beverageⅠ, but the control group drunk water of the same volume only.At 17∶00, neurobehavioral functions of all the subjects were tested by neurobehavioral core test battery (WHO-NCTB) and attention span test(AST).Results According to the results of WHO-NCBT, after 10-hours′continuous mental work,the profile of mood state in the intervention group was more stable than in the control group with lower scores in negative mood and higher scores in positive mood.Meanwhile, some of the neurobehavioral indexes were also found to be significantly improved, including shortened mean time of simple reaction and decreased error reaction rate, enhanced digit span backward, higher scores in Beton test , digit symbol test, Santa Ana practice hand and correct dot number (P<0.05).In addition, higher scores were obtained in the intervention group in AST(P<0.05).Conclusion Junzhi beverageⅠ can significantly improve the neurobehavioral function under sustained mental work conditions, which suggests that the beverage has the potential to postpone mental fatigue protect and enhance cognitive function.

Effect of special anti-fatigue foods on military physical performance capacity / 军事医学

Objective To assess the series of special anti-fatigue foods including JuntiⅠ, JuntiⅡ, JuntiⅢ, and Jun-tiⅣon military physical performance capacity .Methods Fifty-four soldiers , selected from a border defense troop , were randomly designated to control group , trial group 1 and trial group 2.Subjects of two trial groups were supplied with No .1 nutritional package ( including JuntiⅠ, Ⅲand Ⅳ) and No.2 nutritional package ( including Junti Ⅱ, Ⅲand Ⅳ),re-spectively, while no additional nutritional supplements were added in control group .After 7 days’ supplementation, a hard military exercise was performed to induce fatigue and an increasing load test was used to assess physical activity .RPE scale, exhaustive time and time taken to reach the 75% maximal heart rate were recorded while serum markers , such as glucose, lactate, BUN, LDH,and CK, were detected after test .Moreover, serum lactate and fatigue recovery scale were determined on the evening of the same day and the next morning .Results Prolonged exhaustive time and time taken to reach the 75%maximal heart rate and elevated RPE scores at 6 min were detected in both two trial groups compared with the control group .Meanwhile , after the increasing load test , elevated glucose concentration and reduced lactate , BUN, LDH and CK were also observed in both trial groups .Moreover, serum lactate of both trial groups was quickly recovered on the evening of the same day compared with the control group , and the next morning , serum lactate was even much lower in trial groups than in control group .The fatigue recovery scores were higher in trial groups at both time points .Meanwhile, there was no difference of such indexes between the two trial groups .Conclusion Through the combination use , the series of special anti-fatigue foods, inclucling No.1 and No.2 nutritional packages , can significantly improve the soldiers′physi-cal performance capacity , delay the physical fatigue emergence , promote physical activity recovery and prevent military training injury.

Analysis of disease and health risk factors among teachers in one university of Chongqing / 重庆医学

Objective To understand the teachers′health status of one university in Chongqing to provide the basis for the healthcare of this group.Methods The teachers′health examination information in1 303 cases of physical healthy examination was retrospectively analyzed.The data were analyzed by the SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results The main detected diseases were conj unctivitis,fatty liver,cataract,refractive error,eyeground arteriosclerosis and hypertension.The top-5 health risk factors includ-ed dyslipidemia,overweight,hyperpiesia,increased uric acid and fasting blood glucose abnormality.The detection rates of conj uncti-vitis,fatty liver,eyeground arteriosclerosis,overweight,hyperpiesia,increased uric acid,fasting blood glucose abnormality examined in males were obviously higher than those in females(P0.05).Apart from the increased uric acid(P=0.740),the morbidity and risk factors in dif-ferent ages were markedly different(P<0.01).The case rate of diabetes and hypertension was lower than the national average. Conclusion The eye health status of teachers in this university is not optimistic;there were many health risk factors.The health knowledge education of overweight,dyslipidemia,pathoglycemia and hyperpiesia should be carried out aiming at this group.

Plasma free fatty acids composition and its association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 重庆医学

Objective To study the relationship between plasma free fatty acids composition and the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) .Methods By the design of case‐control study ,105 patients with NAFLD as cases and 110 healthy peo‐ple as controls were enrolled into the study .Plasma free fatty acid levels were determined by gas chromatography .Results High level of plasma palmitic acid(C16 :0)(OR=1 .769) was the risk factors of NAFLD ,while plasma levels of linoleic acid(C18 :2 n‐6) (OR=0 .855) and arachidonic acid(C20 :4 n‐6)(OR=0 .181)were negatively associated with the incidence of NAFLD .Conclusion These findings suggest that a proper ratio of diet fatty acids intake may reduce the risk of NAFLD .

Black rice anthocyanidins prevent retinal photochemical damage via involvement of the AP-1/NF-kappaB/Caspase-1 pathway in Sprague-Dawley Rats

The effects of black rice anthocyanidins (BRACs) on retinal damage induced by photochemical stress are not well known. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed AIN-93M for 1 week, after which 80 rats were randomly divided into two groups and treated with (n = 40) or without BRACs (n = 40) for 15 days, respectively. After treatment, both groups were exposed to fluorescent light (3,000 +/- 200 lux; 25degrees C), and the protective effect of dietary BRACs were evaluated afterwards. Our results showed that dietary BRACs effectively prevented retinal photochemical damage and inhibited the retinal cells apoptosis induced by fluorescent light (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary BRACs inhibited expression of AP-1 (c-fos/c-jun subunits), up-regulated NF-kappaB (p65) expression and phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha, and decreased Caspase-1 expression (p < 0.05). These results suggest that BRACs improve retinal damage produced by photochemical stress in rats via AP-1/NF-kappaB/Caspase-1 apoptotic mechanisms.

Effects of taurine treatment on glutamate transporter mRNA expression in diabetic rat retina / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of taurine treatment on retina ultrastructure and glutamate receptor GLAST mRNA expression in diabetic rat.Methods Diabetic rats were fed with 1.2% taurine for 3 months.Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were employed to detect the expression of GLAST mRNA.Changes of retinal ultrastructure of rats were observed with transmission electronic microscope. Results From the first to the third month,the(mRNA) expression of GLAST gradually decreased in diabetic rat retina.Taurine could up-regulate the expression in this period.Membrane disc arrange was disordered and mitochondria swelled in STZ diabetic rat retina,which were ameliorated after taurine treatment.Conclusion Taurine can up-regulate the mRNA expression of GLAST and restrain excitotoxicity of glutamate.These observations suggest that taurine may play a role of nerve protection.

To improve cultivation of creative ability by enhancing the integration of teaching and research / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Teaching and research are two major functions of university. We should correct the misunderstanding of the relationship between teaching and research and improve the evaluation of integration of them. Positive interaction of research and teaching can enhance educational results of university. We should conduct the interaction of scientific research and teaching,improving the creative ability of students.

Inhibitory effect of genistein on the angiogenesis in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft in nude mice / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is an important prognostic indicator for malignant tumors. Breast cancer overexpressing oncogene HER-2/neu often denotes a poor prognosis. Many studies have demonstrated the antitumor effect of genistein against breast cancer.OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between HER-2/neu expression and angiogenesis in breast cancer as well as the effect of genistein on the angiogenesis in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observatory experiment with nude mice.SETTING: Department of nutrition and food hygiene of a military medical university.MATERIALS: Twenty specific pathogen-free(SPF) normal female BALB/c nude mice weighing (10 ± 2) g, aged 3 to 4 weeks, were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University.METHODS: This study was carried out in the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Third Military Medical University from June 2001 to March 2002. HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cell line MCF-7/HER-2 was generated by transfecting MCF-7 cells with human HER-2/neu cDNA. MCF-7/HER-2 and MCF-7 cells were inoculated in female BALB/c nude mice to establish tumor-bearing mouse models. Four weeks after the inoculation, the mice with MCF-7/HER-2 xenografts were randomly divided into control,genistein treatment, and anti-HER-2/neu antibody treatment groups to receive corresponding treatments every other day for two weeks, at the end of which the tumor volume, microvessel density(MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression in the xenografts were measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MVD and VEGF expression in the xenograft tumor. Secondary outcome measures: Identification of HER-2/neu-transfected from MCF-7-transfected cells and the tumor volume.RESULTS: The MVD was 16 ±6, 98 ±21, 56± 18, and 52 ± 19 in each visual field in the MCF-7 xenografts group, control group, genstein treatment group and anti-HER-2/neu antibody treatment group recpectively. MVD and VEGF expression in MCF-7/HER-2 xenografts were higher than that in MCF-7 xenografts, and was reduced after treatment with genistein or anti-HER-2/neu antibody. The changes of tumor volume in these xenografts were consistent with the changes of MVD and VEGF.CONCLUSION: HER-2/neu overexpression in breast cancer promotes angiogenesis, and genistein can inhibit angiogenesis and growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer to improve the prognosis.

Effect of simulated altitude acute hypoxia on appetite and orexin mRNA expression in rats / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective: To investigate the effects of simulated altitude acute hypoxia on appetite and orexin mRNA expression in rats. Methods: Rats were exposed to hypobaric chambersimulating different high altitude (3000m,4000m,5000m,6000m) for different times (8h/d;1d,3d and 7d respectively), and the changes of appetite, weight gain, and the orexin mRNA expression in hypothalamus of rats were examined. Results: With the increasement of hypoxia time and simulated altitude, the total food intake of rats and the orexin A and B mRNA expression in hypothalamus decreased gradually as compared with control. After 7 days of hypoxia, the weight gain of rats was significantly different(P

THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF 1?-25-DIHYDROXY VITAMIN D_3 AND TAMOXIFEN ON ER-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER CELLS CONTAINING EXOGENOUS PVDRE-TK-ER? PLASMID IN VIVO / 营养学报

Objective:To observe the inhibitory effects of VD3 and Tamoxifen on ER-negative breast cancer cells transfected with human recombinant pVDRE-Tk-ER? eukaryotic expression plasmid in vivo. Method:A recombinant human ER? expression plasmid containing 4 copies of VDRE and Tk promoter was introduced into the ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell. The transformed breast cancer cells were inoculated into athymic nude mice. 4 w after tumor inoculation,mice bearing the tumor of approximately 200 mm3 were treated with 0.5?g/kg of VD3 and/or 50mg/kg of Tamoxifen(SC) for 20d. The tumor volume was precisely measured,concurrently HE stain and Ki-67 immunohistochemical(IHC) assay were performed to detect the anti-proliferative effect of Vit D3 in combination with Tamoxifen in vivo. Results:After 20d of treatment,VD3 and Tamoxifen synergistically decreased the tumor volume as compared with control group. And the IHC results also showed that the Ki-67 expression was significantly inhibited by co-treatment of VD3 and Tamoxifen,which means the arrest of cell cycle progression. Conclusion:VD3 could effectively restore the sensitivity of ER-negative breast cancer cells to Tamoxifenby inducing the expression of exogenous ER? gene through the VDRE and Tk promoter in vivo.

STUDY ON THE MECHANISMS OF GENISTEIN AFFECTING THE CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE MDA-MB-453 TO PACLITAXEL IN VITRO / 营养学报

Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of genistein (GEN) affecting the chemosen- sitivity of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-453 to paclitaxel (PTX) in vitro. Method:HER2/neu- overexpressing breast cancer cells MDA-MB-453 were treated by GEN, PTX alone or combined in vitro. Cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of HER2/neu protein was observed by immunocytochemistry and. Akt, p-Akt, cyclin B1 and CDK1 protein by Western blot. Results:Cell cycle of MDA-MB-453 cells was blocked at G1/S after treatment of GEN, while at G2/M after treatment with PTX alone. Both GEN and PTX did not change the expression of HER2/neu, total Akt and CDK1 in MDA-MB-453 cells, but GEN significantly decreased p-Akt and cyclin B1 level, and PTX obviously increased cyclinB1 level. GEN antagonized the effects of PTX on level of cyclin B1 protein and blockage of G2/M in MDA-MB-453 cells after treatment with GEN and PTX in combination. Conclusion:The antagonism effects of GEN on the increase of cyclin B1 and blockage of G2/M induced by PTX may be one of the mechanisms of GEN affecting the chemosensitivity of MDA-MB-453 cells to PYX.

Effects of different altitudes and acute hypoxia for different time on the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the effects of acute hypoxia on the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. Methods A total of 78 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 13 groups ( n =6 in each group): control group and 12 experimental groups. Rats in the experimental groups were exposed to hypoxia in the hypobaric chamber simulating the altitudes of 3 000, 4 000, 5 000, and 6 000 m for 1, 2, and 3 d, respectively. The expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus under the condition of acute hypoxia was detected by semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results ① Expression of NPY mRNA was detected in the rat hypothalamus in the experimental groups and the control group. ② Under the condition of acute hypoxia for the same time, the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus showed the tendency of decrease at increasing altitudes; ③ At the same altitude, expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus decreased gradually with the increasing time for acute hypoxia. Conclusion Acute hypoxia can decrease the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus.

Effects of genistein and VEGFR on proliferation of ECV304 cells / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of genistein in the growth inhibition in the tumor angiogenesis. Methods The effects of genistein and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) on the proliferation of ECV304 cells were observed by cell growth curves and flow cytometry. The level of the phosphorylation of VEGFR and the activity of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in ECV304 cells were detected by immunoprecipitation and kinase activity analysis. Results Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alone could facilitate the proliferation of ECV304 cells, up regulate the phosphorylation and PTK activity of VEGFR, but genistein alone could inhibit the growth of ECV304 cells, stop the cell cycle mainly at the phase of G 2/M, induce apoptosis, and down regulate the phosphorylation and PTK activity of VEGFR ( P

Effects of cholesterol-inhibitor lovastatin on the activity of MAPK in MCF-7 breast cancer cells / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the effects of lovastatin on MAPK activity in MCF 7 breast cancer cells. Methods After MCF 7 cells were treated with 4, 8 and 16 ?mol/L lovastatin for 48～72 h, the expressions of ERK1 and p38 MAPK proteins were detected by Western blotting. Their phosphorylation levels were observed by kinase activity assay. Results MCF 7 cells treated with different doses of lovastatin for 48～72 h had no significant effect on the protein level of ERK1, but the activities of ERK1 and the P38 MAPK proteins were down regulated at 72 h after treatment. Conclusion Lovastatin may down regulate the activity of MAPK in MCF 7 cells by means of inhibiting the mevalonate metabolism pathway and/or affecting phosphorylation levels.

Effect of octylphenol or/and genistein on proliferation of MCF-7 cells / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To observe the effect of genistein,octylphenol,and their combination on proliferation of MCF-7 cells and explore the molecular mechanisms.Methods The MCF-7 cells were divided into four groups: control,5?10~(-5)mol/L genistein treated,8?10~(-6)mol/L octylphenol treated,genistein and octylphenol treated.The cell proliferation,cell cycle,phospho-L-tyrosine protein(PTPr),ER?,ER? mRNA and AIB1 mRNA expression of MCF-7 cells was observed by MTT test,flow cytometry,immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.Results When MCF-7 cells were treated with 8?10~(-6) mol/L octylphenol or 5?10~(-5) mol/L genistein,or both for 72 h,the proliferation ratio was 12.98%,46.16% and 36.44% respectively;the percentage of MCF-7 cells at G_(2)/M were 12.98%,46.16% and 36.44% respectively;the apoptosis ratio of MCF-7 cells were 3.57%,11.41% and 8.24% respectively;the expression of PTPr was(62.84?9.80),(26.75?5.09),(39.15?7.83) respectively.Octylphenol increased the expression of AIB1 mRNA,but genistein and its combination with octylphenol inhibited the expression of ER? and decreased the expression of AIB1 mRNA in nucleus.Conclusion Octylphenol can promote the proliferation of MCF-7 cells,while genistein and its combination with octylphenol inhibit,which mechanism may be related to regulation of PTPr,AIB1 and ER expression.

Effect of ?-3 PUFA and exogenous transmembrane TNF-? on MCF-7 cell apoptosis / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the apoptosis and its molecular mechanism of MCF-7 cells induced by ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(?-3 PUFA)combined with the product of exogenous transmembrane TNF-?(tmTNF-?) gene.Methods The tmTNF-? eukaryotic expression vector containing the PPRE-tk promoter was transfected into the human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.The effects of ?-3 PUFA and/or exogenous tmTNF-? on the cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by MTT and DNA ladder assay.The activity of caspase-8 was examined by using special fluorescence substrate,and the expression of caspases(1,8 and 9) were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting.The inhibitor of caspases was used to confirm the function of caspase.Results In 6.0?10~(-5)mol/L ?-3 PUFA-treated MCF-7 cells,only the growth suppression was found.In transfected MCF-7 cells after treated with ?-3 PUFA,not only the proliferation capacity was decreased but the DNA ladder was detectable.The expression changes of caspases(1,8 and 9) and caspase-8 activity were obvious in MCF-7 transfected cells treated with ?-3 PUFA.Growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by ?-3 PUFA and tmTNF-? were partly prevented by the special caspase inhibitor.Conclusion These results suggested that up-regulated expression and activity of caspase might promote MCF7 cells apoptosis induced by ?-3 PUFA and exogenous tmTNF-?,indicating that ?-3 PUFA and exogenous tmTNF-? could cooperate in inhibition of the MCF-7 cell growth and induction of apoptosis.caspase network pathway may play a key role in these processes.

Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 and Tamoxifen on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with ER? expression vector containing vitamin D response element / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) and Tamoxifen on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of MDAMB-231 cells transfected with ER? expression vector containing vitamin D response element.Methods The 4 VDRE-Tk sequence of VDRE-pGL3 reporter vector was cloned into ER?/pcDNA3.1+ vector and then was transfected into MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.MDA-MB-231~(VDRE-ER?) breast cancer cells were treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) and Tamoxifen to observe their pro-apoptotic effect by TUNEL and to determine whether cell cycle progression could be repressed by FCM.Results As compared with control group,MDA-MB-231~(VDRE-ER?) cells at G_(0)/G_(1) phase increased profoundly after treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) and Tamoxifen for 72 h.Meanwhile,1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) and Tamoxifen synergistically induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231~(VDRE-ER?) cells.Conclusion Transfection of VDRE-Tk-ER? expression vector into ER?-negative breast cancer cells could effectively recover its responsiveness to Tamoxifen under the induction of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) by blocking the cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis.

Effects of different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on lipid metabolic gene expression in breast cancer cell lines / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the effects of different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on the lipid metabolic gene expression and MAPK activity in breast cancer cell lines. Methods MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, or the mixture of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid at ratio of 1∶1, 5∶1, 10∶1. The cell proliferation capacity was detected by MTT, the expression of lipid metabolic gene (COX-2, 5-LOX, PPAR? and PPAR?) were assayed by RT-PCR, MAPK phosphorylation levels were detected by Western blotting. Results COX-2 mRNA expression was not found in MCF-7 cells. As compared to normal control group, pure n-6 and 10∶1 n-6/n-3 promoted cell proliferation, up-regulated the expression of COX-2, 5-LOX, PPAR? and PPAR? mRNA , increased MAPK phosphorylation levels in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (P

Inhibitory effect of genistein on HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft tumors and its relationship with uPA expression / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of genistein on oncogene HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft tumors and its relationship with urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression. Methods HER-2/neu-overexpressing MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (MCF-7/HER-2) were generated by transfecting the HER-2/neu negative MCF-7 cells with HER-2/neu cDNA. MCF-7/HER-2 and MCF-7 xenograft models were established in BALB/c nude mice, and the nude mice with MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft were randomly divided into three groups: control group, genistein-treated group, and HER-2/neu antibody-treated group. The growth ability of xenograft tumors was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 antibody, and uPA expression of xenograft tumors was analyzed by Western blotting. Results The growth ability and uPA expression were significantly higher in MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors than those in MCF-7 xenograft tumors. MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors treated by genistein or HER-2/neu antibody showed lower growth ability and uPA expression as compared with MCF-7/HER-2 xenograft tumors. Conclusion Genistein can inhibit the growth ability of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft tumors, which is associated with the uPA expression.