ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: The use of doxorubicin in chemotherapy has been associated with cardiotoxicity and heart failure. Physical exercise produces favorable morphofunctional adaptations in the cardiovascular system and may reverse cardiac dysfunction in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To assess the effects of physical training on myocardial structure, cardiac function, and exercise tolerance in Wistar rats initiated after the onset of cardiotoxicity-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: This study investigated 30 adult male Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups: control (C), exercise (EX), doxorubicin (DX), and doxorubicin and exercise (DXEX). The DX and DXEX groups received six doses of doxorubincin from 1.25 mg/kg body weight up to a cumulative dose of 7.5 mg/kg. Injections were administered intraperitoneally three times a week for two weeks; after this stage, the EX and DXEX groups started physical training (swimming) sessions three times a week with a load of 5% of their body weight. Echocardiography and exercise tolerance tests were performed. Generalized linear models were used in statistical analysis, and a p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: Left ventricular shortening fraction and ejection fraction were reduced in the DX group compared to C, EX, and DXEX. The DXEX group showed greater tolerance to effort when compared to the DX and C groups. Conclusion: Physical training, initiated after the onset of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, improved cardiac function and exercise tolerance in rats.
ABSTRACT
A female Boxer breed dog, at eight months of age, with 8kg, was taken care in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Goias with emaciation and breathing difficulty. Cyanotic mucosa, ascites, pulmonary rales, arrhythmias and hypophonesis of heart sounds were observed during clinical examination. Chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram were performed, diagnosing dilated cardiomyopathy. The animal, young enough to manifestation of this disease, was treated and showed a survival of 8 months after the beginning of the treatment.
Uma cadela da raça Boxer, oito meses, 8kg, foi atendida no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Goiás, com emaciação e dificuldade respiratória. Ao exame clínico observou-se mucosas cianóticas, ascite, estertores pulmonares, arritmias e hipofonese das bulhas cardíacas. Realizou-se radiografia de tórax, eletrocardiograma e ecocardiograma, diagnosticando-se cardiomiopatia dilatada. O animal, bastante jovem para manifestação desta enfermidade, foi tratado e obteve uma sobrevida de oito meses após inicio do tratamento.
Subject(s)
Echocardiography , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Dogs , ElectrocardiographyABSTRACT
A cinomose canina é uma doença sistêmica contagiosa com alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade em cães, causada por um Morbillivírus, da família Paramyxoviridae. Animais infectados frequentemente desenvolvem manifestações neurológicas. O principal meio de transmissão é por aerossolização do exsudato respiratório contendo o microrganismo, porém a infecção transplacentária tem sido documentada em cães domésticos. A presença de corpúsculos de Lentz intracitoplasmático em leucócitos é encontrada na fase de viremia da doença. Esta inclusão é considerada uma ferramenta de diagnóstico precoce da cinomose. Foi encaminhado ao Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia um cão com 10 dias de idade, macho, branco, sem raça definida e pesando 500 gramas. O cão apresentava convulsões de 20 em 20 minutos. No hemograma, ao realizar a contagem diferencial de leucócitos, constatou-se a inclusão de Lentz. A presença do corpúsculo intracitoplasmático caracteriza uma alta viremia para um animal de dez dias de idade. Pode-se afirmar também que houve infecção transplacentária devido ao período de incubação do vírus da cinomose canina ser de sete dias, e o animal apresentar pouca idade.
The canine distemper is a systemic infectious disease with high mortality rate in dogs caused by a Morbillivirus. Affected animals often develop nervous manifestations. The main of transmission is by aerosolization of respiratory exudate containing the microorganism, but transplacental infection has been documented in domestic dogs. The presence of intracytoplasmic Lentz bodies in leukocytes is found in the viremia phase of the disease. This inclusion is considered a tool for early diagnosis of distemper. It was routed at the Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Uberlândia a 10-day-old puppy, male, mixed breed and weighed 500 grams. It presented seizures of 20 to 20 minutes. At the hemogram, it was found intracytoplasmic Lentz body. The animal with only 10-day-old, reports a high viremia by the presence of intracytoplasmic corpuscle. Therefore, occurred a transplacental infection due to the incubation period of canine distemper virus is seven days, and the animal presents a young age.