ABSTRACT
Introduction@#Breast cancer remains to be a public health problem in the Philippines. This study determined the level of breast cancer awareness among female non-medical students from selected private colleges in Quezon City. @*Methods@#This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey, and data collection was done on a single occasion. The study population was chosen via convenience sampling. The survey asked about the respondents' ideas on awareness, beliefs, perceived personal risk, perceived seriousness, and knowledge of etiology, diagnosis and management of breast cancer.@*Results@#Majority of the respondents associated lifestyle factors (smoking) with the development of breast cancer. Four-fifths regarded Western medicine as a mainstay of treatment, however, a significant proportion believed that breast cancer could be adequately managed and controlled with complementary and alternative treatments. Around 25% of respondents considered themselves at risk for breast cancer and 40% did not know. Close to 65% said that family history was a risk factor. Almost 50% never heard of self-breast examination; of those who knew about it, only 15% practiced it monthly. The respondents had varied answers when asked about the common symptoms and signs of breast cancer. At least two-thirds of respondents said that the treatment for breast cancer includes surgery and radiation therapy. Majority (79.8%) opined that having an education program would increase the level of awareness of the general public.@*Conclusion @#The students surveyed were generally aware about breast cancer, including aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis and management. The study also a revealed a number of misconceptions regarding breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Awareness , KnowledgeABSTRACT
Introducción: La obsesión por la delgadez y la insatisfacción corporal pueden llevar a las adolescentes a seguir dietas sin supervisión, lo que podría asociarse además a conductas riesgosas de control de peso, tales como ayuno, vómitos, uso de diuréticos y laxantes. El objetivo fue explorar conductas de control de peso en adolescentes dietantes y relacionarlas con insatisfacción corporal (IC) y obsesión por la delgadez (DT). Pacientes y Método: Estudio transversal en 439 adolescentes de colegios públicos de Valparaíso diseñado para indagar conductas de control de peso riesgosas a través de escalas de IC y DT del Cuestionario de Trastornos Alimentarios (EDI-2), comparando dietantes y no dietantes. Resultados: El 43% había realizado dieta sin supervisión médica. Las dietantes presentan valores superiores en DT e IC. El 29,6% de ellas presenta restricción alimentaria de riesgo moderado a alto, tomando como base el criterio de expertos, y se encuentran diferencias en la presencia y severidad de las conductas purgativas de control de peso entre los dos grupos estudiados. Conclusiones: Un tercio de las adolescentes estudiadas hacen dietas sin supervisión profesional, presentan mayor IC y DT y conductas riesgosas de control de peso. Aquellas con sobrepeso y obesidad realizan dietas más restrictivas y conductas de control de peso más riesgosas.
Introduction: Obsession with thinness and body dissatisfaction can lead adolescents to follow unsupervised diets, which could result in risky weight control behaviors such as fasting, vomiting, use of diuretics and laxatives. The aim of the current study is to examine weight control behaviors in dieting adolescents and relate them to body dissatisfaction (BD) and obsession with thinness (OT). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 439 adolescents from Valparaiso public schools to investigate risky weight control behaviors due to BD and OT scales from the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2), comparing restrained eaters and non-restrained eaters. Results: A total of 43% adolescents had followed a weight loss diet without medical supervision. The dieters had higher BD and OT values. Moderate to severe food restriction, based on expert judgment, was observed in 29.6%, and differences in the presence and severity of purging behaviors were found between the 2 groups. Conclusions: One third of the adolescents studied followed diets without professional supervision and had higher BD and OT values, as well as risky weight control behaviors. Overweight and obese adolescents followed more restrictive diets and developed riskier weight control behaviors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Thinness/psychology , Body Image/psychology , Diet, Reducing/statistics & numerical data , Obsessive Behavior/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adolescent Behavior , Diet, Reducing/psychology , Overweight/psychology , Overweight/epidemiology , Obesity/psychology , Obesity/epidemiologyABSTRACT
This is an updated taxonomic catalogue of neritic-benthonic Echinodermata (Crinoidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea) from Cuba, that includes locality, range, habitat and depth where each species is found. The species list is based on the collections of the Oceanology Institute; Havana, and the "Felipe Poey" Museum (Havana University) Specimens for those collections were captured by a variety of field techniques, narcotized with Cloral hydrate, fixed in formalin and stored in 70-80% alcohol. A total of 53 species were recorded (eight Crinoids, 22 Echinoids and 23 Holothuroids), in 37 genera, 19 families and 12 orders. Ocnus suspectus (Ludwig, 1874) and Phyllophorus (Urodemella) occidentalis (Ludwig, 1885) are new records for Cuban waters
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Sea Cucumbers/classification , Catalog , Cuba , Ecosystem , Population Density , Seawater , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
This is an updated taxonomic catalogue of neritic-benthonic Echinodermata (Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea) from Cuba, that includes locality, range, habitat and depth where each species is found. The species list is based on the collections of the Oceanology Institute; Havana; the "Felipe Poey" Museum (Havana University) and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. Specimens for those collections were captured by a variety of field techniques, narcotized with Cloral hydrate, fixed in formalin and stored in 70-80% alcohol. A total of 75 species have been identified from Cuban waters: Asteroidea (20 species) and Ophiuroidea (55 species).
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Echinodermata/classification , Catalog , Cuba , Ecosystem , Population Density , Seawater , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
We present a systematic list of the echinoderms from Gulf of Mexico's Mexican waters based on specimens of the Colecci6n Nacional de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de México and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. This list reveals an important echinoderm biodiversity present in the Gulf of Mexico, where five of the six echinoderm classes are represented. A total of 209 echinoderm species is recorded, distributed in 129 genera, 63 families and 25 orders. 31 new records for the Gulf of Mexico are presented: Asteroidea (16), Ophiuroidea (nine), Echinoidea (one) and Holothuroidea (five).
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Echinodermata/classification , Databases, Factual , Echinodermata/physiology , Marine Biology , Mexico , Population Density , Population Dynamics , SeawaterABSTRACT
The echinoid fauna of the Gulf of Mexico collected during three research cruises (20-1260 m depth) was surveyed from samples were taken at 43 stations. A total of 190 individuals were identified (eight orders, 11 families, 15 genera and 18 species). Six species are new records for the Gulf of Mexico: Stylocidaris lineata, Phormosoma placenta placenta, Plesiodiadema antillarum, Plethotaenia spatangoides, Brissopsis atlantica and Hypselaster limicolus. This adds to the little information available on the echinoid fauna of Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Tabasco, Campeche and Yucatan states in Mexico.
Subject(s)
Animals , Ecosystem , Sea Urchins/classification , Biodiversity , Environmental Monitoring , Mexico , Population Density , Seawater , Species Specificity , Sea Urchins/physiologyABSTRACT
A systematic list of the echinoderms of the Mexican Caribbean based on museum specimens of the Colección Nacional de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. is presented. This list reveals an important echinoderm biodiversity in the Mexican Caribbean, where five of the six echinoderm classes are represented. A total of 178 echinoderm species is recorded, distributed in 113 genera, 51 families and 22 orders. 30 new records for the Mexican Caribbean are presents: Crínoidea (three), Asteroidea (two), Ophiuroidea (eleven), Echinoidea (one), Holothuroidea (thirteen).
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Echinodermata/classification , Caribbean Region , Conservation of Natural Resources , Echinodermata/physiology , Mexico , Museums , Population Density , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
A systematic list of the echinoderms of the Gulf of California, based on museum specimens of the Colección Nacional de Equinodermos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. is presented. A total of 193 echinoderm species is recorded, distributed in 108 genera, 51 families and 19 orders. 12 new records for the Gulf of California are presented: Asteroidea (four), Ophiuroidea (three) and Holothuroidea (five).
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Ecosystem , Echinodermata/classification , Mexico , Museums , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Infections caused by Varicella Zoster virus in children with cancer have a high rate of complications and mortality. AIM: To report the outcome of this infection in children with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records of 216 children aged less than 15 years old with the diagnosis of an hematological or solid tumor, admitted to the National Program of Antineoplastic Drugs (PINDA). RESULTS: Eighty seven children had a Varicella Zoster virus infections, 73 (84 per cent) had varicella, 8 (9 per cent) had herpes zoster and 6 (7 per cent) had varicella and herpes zoster. Ninety four percent acquired the infection during antineoplastic treatment and 78 per cent received Acyclovir as antiviral therapy. During a nosocomial outbreak of varicella, three patients with an Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia died in the initial phase of chemotherapy, in spite of an early administration of Acyclovir. No patient with herpes zoster died. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of varicella was higher in children with leukemia or lymphoma than in children with other types of cancer. Virus reactivation was uncommon and had a benign course. Varicella mortality in these children could be favorably modified through an active immunization of immunocompetent children.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Herpes Zoster/complications , Neoplasms/complications , Chickenpox/complications , Herpesvirus 3, Human , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Herpes Zoster/drug therapy , Immunocompromised Host , Incidence , Chickenpox/drug therapyABSTRACT
Los hallazgos angiográficos siguem una cronología fiel al curso clínico de la vasculitis oclusiva y ocupan el primer plano en el diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad de Behçet. Estudiamos mediante angiografía fluoresceínica a 26 pacientes (42 ojos) diagnosticados de Síndrome de Behçet en estadio de brote agudo, en las intercrisis y después del tratamiento con inmunosupresores. En los estadíos agudos aparecen brotes exudativos retinianos, que dejan áreas de atrofia y dispersión pigmentaria, de localización básicamente perivascular o difusa. Igualmente se pueden apreciar trombosis inflamatorias que afectan sobre todo al árbol venoso. Las tromboflebitis marcan la fase crítica a partir de la cual empeora el pronóstico. Hemos comprobado angiográficamente que el tratamiento inmunosupresor precoz detiene la vasculitis retiniana, principal causa de ceguera de la enfermedad en la actualidad, permitiendo el mantenimiento de una visión útil
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Behcet Syndrome/diagnosis , Immunosuppression Therapy , Behcet Syndrome/therapyABSTRACT
Estudio angiofluoresceíngráfico de 92 pacientes con HTA maligna. En 36 ellos se obsevan imágenes propias de isquemia coroides: retrasos de relleno coroideo, síndromes triangulares, desprendimientos serosos de retina y manchas de Elschnig. Se comentan sus características angiográficas así el mecanismo de producción de las mismas
Subject(s)
Humans , Choroid/blood supply , Fluorescein Angiography , Hypertension, Malignant/complications , Ischemia/etiologyABSTRACT
Se estudiaron dos grupos de ninos sanos de bajo nivel socio-economico, beneficiarios del Servicio de Salud de Valdivia, desde su nacimiento hasta el primer ano de vida con el fin de probar la eficacia de la aplicacion de un programa de estimulacion temprana. Para ello un grupo permanecio en sus condiciones ambientales habituales y el otro recibio el programa de estimulacion. Al comparar los coeficientes de desarrollo de ambos grupos aplicando un analisis de regresion minimo cuadratica se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los valores de ambos grupos siendo mayores los indices de coeficiente de desarrollo en el grupo de estudio, sin embargo el incremento del coeficiente de desarrollo no fue significativamente distinto entre los dos grupos. Con respecto a variables de crecimiento como peso, talla, perimetro craneano no hubo diferencias en el incremento en los ninos estudiados
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Male , Child Development , Physical Stimulation , Psychomotor PerformanceABSTRACT
La hiperplasia congenita de suprarrenales, por deficit en la 21 hidroxilasa, es un disturbio metabolico que se hereda como un caracter autosomico recesivo. Recientemente Dupont y colaboradores han demostrado una estrecha ligadura entre hiperplasia congenita de suprarrenales y el complejo HLA. Nosotros hemos estudiado 9 familias de origen frances, en las cuales los grupos HLA fueron determinados, asi como otros marcadores geneticos localizados sobre el cromosoma 6. En 8 de ellas, los hallazgos son semejantes a los ya publicados en la literatura, pero en una familia hemos encontrado un paciente portador de una hiperplasia congenita de suprarrenales, quien tiene un hermano identico por los grupos HLA-A, B, C, D, Dr y Bf (Factor activador de la properdina), y que no porta el deficit de la 21 hidroxilasa. Las posibles explicaciones de este hecho se discuten. Esta ligadura es importante porque abre nuevas probabilidades para la deteccion de los portadores al estado heterocigoto, asi como tambien el diagnostico antenatal de esta enfermedad
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital , HLA Antigens , Major Histocompatibility Complex , Mixed Function Oxygenases , Genes, Recessive , Genetic MarkersABSTRACT
El Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones, PAI, es el resultado de una accion conjunta de las naciones que integran la OMS, cuya meta es de que todos los ninos del mundo tengan acceso a servicios de vacunacion antes del ano 2000.Al considerar la meta senalada, surge la interrogante que motivo el presente estudio, cual es la cobertura de vacuanacion en Valdivia? Una encuesta por muestreo directo establecio que el 73,2% de los ninos tenian su esquema de inmunizaciones cumplido, cifra que se redujo a un 63,6% en los menores de un ano
Subject(s)
Vaccination , Vaccines , Health EducationABSTRACT
Con el fin de establecer el porcentaje y caracteristicas de los fumadores entre los estudiantes del sector de la salud en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Austral de Chile, se realizo una encuesta a 540 alumnos durante mayo de 1979. Se encontro que la mitad de los estudiantes eran fumadores mientras que el 37.6% correspondio a los no fumadores, y el restante 12.4% se declaro ex fumadores. Las variables mas asociadas al habito fueron el lugar de procedencia (urbano-rural) y la presencia del habito en los padres.Despues de requerir la opinion de los estudiantes acerca de los danos que produce el habito de fumar, se determino que no existe un claro conocimiento generalizado al respecto. Lo anterior, unido a la adquisicion precoz del habito, permite aconsejar la realizacion de una amplia accion educativa tanto en los hogares como en los colegios