ABSTRACT
The academic interest regarding the knowledge that people in general have about plants and their uses has increased significantly. Therefore, aiming to understand it better, this present work studied parts of the plant used by residents from Jardim Aeroporto, in Ponta Porã, Mato Grosso do Sul State, to prepare and use these medicinal plants. This city shares borders with Pedro Juan Caballero (Paraguay), a place where many people use these herbs. The residents use different kinds of plants which are planted around their houses. The leaf was the most used part to prepare the medicines. The plants used by this community belong to 17 families, 28 genera and 30 species, and the women from 30-40 age group with junior high school degree who know the plants, their usage and the preparation of the medicines. These women are responsible to cultivate the plants in the backyards and around their houses. The botanical families which presented higher number of species were Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Leguminosae. Baccharis trimera (Less). DC., Mentha piperita L. and Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. were the most used plants by the interviewees, which were prepared in form of tea or plasters.
The academic interest regarding the knowledge that people in general have about plants and their uses has increased significantly. Therefore, aiming to understand it better, this present work studied parts of the plant used by residents from Jardim Aeroporto, in Ponta Porã, Mato Grosso do Sul State, to prepare and use these medicinal plants. This city shares borders with Pedro Juan Caballero (Paraguay), a place where many people use these herbs. The residents use different kinds of plants which are planted around their houses. The leaf was the most used part to prepare the medicines. The plants used by this community belong to 17 families, 28 genera and 30 species, and the women from 30-40 age group with junior high school degree who know the plants, their usage and the preparation of the medicines. These women are responsible to cultivate the plants in the backyards and around their houses. The botanical families which presented higher number of species were Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Leguminosae. Baccharis trimera (Less). DC., Mentha piperita L. and Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. were the most used plants by the interviewees, which were prepared in form of tea or plasters.
ABSTRACT
Aiming to describe seedlings morphology and cotyledons and eophylls anatomy of Gomphrena elegans Mart., 100 seeds were put into plastic bags, with sand and fertilized soil (1:3), kept in the greenhouse under room conditions, with 50% shady and watered daily. Cotyledonous petiole and limb and seedlings eophylls were sectioned in median and border. They were then analyzed in transversal and paradermic sections. Seedlings initial morphology is epigeal-foliar, the root is axial, and hypocotyls and epicotyl are reddish. Venation is of pinnate type, camptodrome and brochidrodome in cotyledons and eophylls. Petiole and leaf show uniseriated epidermis with cells of varied sizes and anomocytic stomata. Druses of calcium oxalate occurred in leaves and petiole. Dorsiventral mesophyll shows one palisade parenchyma layer and several lacunary ones.
Para descrever a morfologia de plântulas e a anatomia de cotilédones e eofilos de Gomphrena elegans Mart., 100 sementes foram colocadas em germinador, a 25 ± 1ºC e 30 ± 1ºC, sob iluminação fluorescente branca contínua e outras 100 foram colocadas em sacos plásticos, contendo areia e terra adubada, mantidas em casa de vegetação sob condições ambiente, cobertas com sombrite 50% e regadas diariamente. O pecíolo e limbo cotiledonares e eofilares das plântulas foram seccionadas no terço mediano e bordo e analisadas em secções transversais e paradérmicas. A morfologia inicial da plântula é epigeo-foliácea, a raiz axial, hipocótilo e epicótilo avermelhados. A venação é do tipo pinada, camptódroma e broquidódroma nos cotilédones e eofilos. A lâmina foliar e o pecíolo apresentam epiderme unisseriada com células de tamanho variável e estômatos anomocíticos. Ocorrem drusas de oxalato de cálcio nas lâminas foliares e pecíolos. O mesofilo dorsiventral apresenta uma camada de parênquima paliçádico e várias de lacunoso.
ABSTRACT
Potential of seed germination of orelha de macaco was evaluated after storage at environment and pre-germinative treatments and initial growth of seedlings under shade. Seeds were stored at environment temperature during 5, 8 and 12 months, and right after, they received the following scarification + imbibition treatments: 1) H2SO4 for 5 minutes; 2) H2SO4 for 5 minutes + water for 24 hours; 3) H2SO4 for 5 minutes + GA 200 mg L-1 for 24 hours; 4) H2SO4 for 5 minutes + KNO3 1% for 24 hours; 5) H2SO4 for 10 minutes; 6) H2SO4 for 10 minutes + water for 24 hours; 7) H2SO4 for 10 minutes + GA 200 mg L-1 for 24 hours; 8) control. Sowing was done in Germination chamber at 20/30ºC darkness/light. The experiment was carried out in DIC in 3 x 9 factorial scheme with four replications of 20 seeds. Seedlings were kept under 30% and 50% of shade and under plain sun. Seeds can be stored until 12 months reaching high percentage of germination when they were scarified for 5 or 10 minutes without the need of pre-imbibition. Under 30% of shadow, seedlings showed higher AF, MST, MFF, PA/R. Cultivation in plain sun must not be recommended for formation of orelha de macaco seedlings
Avaliou-se o potencial de germinação das sementes de orelha-de-macaco após o armazenamento à temperatura ambiente, os tratamentos pré-germinativos e o crescimento inicial das mudas sob sombreamento. As sementes foram armazenadas a temperatura ambiente durante 5, 8 e 12 meses. Logo após, receberem os seguintes tratamentos de escarificação + embebição: 1) H2SO4 /5`; 2) 2SO4/5`+água/24h; 3) H2SO4/5`+GA 200 mg.L-1/24h; 4) H2SO4/5`+KNO3 1%/24h; 5) H2SO4/10`; 6) H2SO4/10`+água/24h; 7) H2SO4/10`h+GA 200 mg.L-1/24hs; 8) H2SO4 /10`+ KNO3 1%/24hs; 9) Testemunha. A semeadura ocorreu em Câmara de germinação a 20ºC/30o C escuro/luz. O experimento foi conduzido em DIC no fatorial 3 x 9 com 4 repetições de 20 sementes. As mudas foram mantidas em sombrite 30% e 50% de sombra e em pleno sol. As sementes podem ser armazenadas por até 8 meses alcançando, em média, 98% de germinação quando escarificadas e pré-embebidas com GA 200 mg.L-1 ou 12 meses apenas escarificadas durante 10`. Sob 30% de sombreamento, as mudas apresentaram maior AF, MST, MFF, PA/R. O cultivo a pleno sol não deve ser recomendado para a formação de mudas de orelha-de-macaco