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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(7): 434-441, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787265

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate changes in the serum concentration and renal expression of IL-1 and TNF-α cytokines in rats that received sevoflurane and glibenclamide prior to hemorrhage. METHODS: Two groups of sevoflurane-anesthetized Wistar rats (n=10): G1 (control) and G2 (glibenclamide, 1 µg/g i.v.); hemorrhage of 30% blood volume (10% every 10 min), with replacement using Ringer solution, 5 ml/kg/h. Serum concentrations of IL-1 and TNF-α were studied in the first hemorrhage (T1) and 50 min later (T2), renal expression, at T2. RESULTS: In serum, G1 TNF-α (pg/mL) was T1=178.6±33.5, T2=509.2±118.8 (p<0.05); IL-1 (pg/mL) was T1=148.8±31.3, T2=322.6±115.4 (p<0.05); in G2, TNF-α was T1=486.2±83.6, T2=261.8±79.5 (p<0.05); IL-1 was T1=347.0±72.0, T2= 327.3±90.9 (p>0.05). The expression of TNF-α and IL-1 in the glomerular and tubular cells was significantly higher in the G2 group. CONCLUSIONS: Hemorrhage and glibenclamide elevated TNF-α and IL-1 concentrations in serum and kidneys. High levels of TNF-α already present before the hemorrhage in the glibenclamide group may have attenuated the damages found in the kidneys after the ischemia event.


Subject(s)
Animals , Shock, Hemorrhagic/metabolism , Interleukin-1/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Glyburide/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Kidney/drug effects , Body Weight/drug effects , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage , Models, Animal , KATP Channels/antagonists & inhibitors , Kidney/blood supply , Kidney/metabolism , Kidney Tubules/drug effects , Kidney Tubules/metabolism , Methyl Ethers/administration & dosage
2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 15(supl.1): 1343-1348, jun. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555666

ABSTRACT

A hepatite viral B constitui um dos mais importantes problemas de saúde pública em todos os continentes. O vírus da hepatite B se transmite por via parenteral e, sobretudo, por via sexual. O objetivo foi avaliar a população ativa dos funcionários de limpeza do hospital da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP, que receberam esquema completo de vacinação contra a hepatite B, medir os níveis de anticorpo contra o AgHBs (anti-HBs) e avaliar a sua relação com as condições epidemiológicas gerais, de vida pessoal e profissional e de risco de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B.


Viral hepatitis B is one of the major public health problems in all continents. The hepatitis-B virus is transmitted parenterally and mainly sexually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the population composing the active cleaning staff of the Botucatu School of Medicine Hospital - UNESP who had received a complete vaccination scheme against hepatitis B, to measure their levels of antibodies against AgHBs (anti-HBs) and to evaluate their relationship with general epidemiological conditions, personal and professional life conditions and risk of infection by the hepatitis-B virus.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Vaccines/immunology , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Housekeeping, Hospital , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/virology , Personnel, Hospital , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, Teaching , Young Adult
3.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(11): 942-949, nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLPROD, SES-SP, SESSP-ILSLACERVO, SES-SP | ID: lil-623383

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar o padrão de citocinas pró- e antiinflamatórias e da resposta de fase aguda (RFA) como marcadores de resposta ao tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar. MÉTODOS: Determinação dos níveis de interferon-gama (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α, fator de necrose tumoral-alfa), interleucina-10 (IL-10) e transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β, fator transformador de crescimento-beta), pelo método ELISA, em sobrenadante de cultura de células mononucleares do sangue periférico e monócitos, assim como dos níveis de proteínas totais, albumina, globulinas, alfa-1-glicoproteína ácida (AGA), proteína C reativa (PCR) e velocidade de hemossedimentação (VHS) em 28 doentes com tuberculose pulmonar, em três tempos: antes (T0), aos três meses (T3) e aos seis meses (T6) de tratamento, em relação aos controles saudáveis, em um único tempo. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes apresentaram valores maiores de citocinas e RFA que os controles em T0, com diminuição em T3 e diminuição (TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β, AGA e VHS) ou normalização (IFN-γ e PCR) em T6. CONCLUSÕES: PCR, AGA e VHS são possíveis marcadores para auxiliar no diagnóstico de tuberculose pulmonar e na indicação de tratamento de indivíduos com baciloscopia negativa; PCR (T0 > T3 > T6 = referência) pode também ser marcador de resposta ao tratamento. Antes do tratamento, o perfil Th0 (IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α e TGF-β), indutor de e protetor contra inflamação, prevaleceu nos pacientes; em T6, prevaleceu o perfil Th2 (IL-10, TNF-α e TGF-β), protetor contra efeito nocivo pró-inflamatório do TNF-α ainda presente. O comportamento do IFN-γ (T0 > T3 > T6 = controle) sugere sua utilização como marcador de resposta ao tratamento.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pattern of pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines and the acute phase response (APR) as markers of the response to treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were evaluated at three time points: pretreatment (T0), treatment month 3 (T3) and treatment month 6 (T6). Levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukine-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were determined using ELISA in the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cell and monocyte culture. Levels of total protein, albumin, globulins, C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were also determined. All of these parameters were also evaluated, only once, in a group of healthy controls. RESULTS: In relation to controls, patients presented cytokine levels and APR that were higher at T0, lower at T3 and either lower (TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β, AAG and ESR) or normal (IFN-γ and CRP) at T6. CONCLUSIONS: For individuals with negative smear sputum microscopy, CRP, AAG and ESR are potential markers of pulmonary tuberculosis and of the need for treatment; CRP (T0 > T3 > T6 = reference) can also be a marker of treatment response. In the patients, the Th0 profile (IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β), inducer of and protector against inflammation, predominated at T0, whereas the Th2 profile (IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β), protecting against the harmful pro-inflammatory effect of the remaining TNF-α, predominated at T6. The behavior of IFN-γ (T0 > T3 > T6 = controls) suggests its use as a marker of treatment response.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Interferon-gamma/blood , /blood , Transforming Growth Factor beta/blood , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Sedimentation/drug effects , Cell Culture Techniques , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 11(4): 411-414, Aug. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-460702

ABSTRACT

Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan Trypanossoma cruzi, affects approximately 18 million individuals in the Americas, 5 million of which live in Brazil. Most chronic sufferers have either the indeterminate form of the disease, without organic compromise, or the cardiac or digestive forms. Despite the importance of this disease, there is no information on the effect of nutrition on CD evolution. We evaluated the clinical-nutritional profile of individuals with CD treated at the Tropical Diseases Nutrition Out-Patient Clinic of the Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP. A retrospective cohort study was performed between 2002 and 2006, on 66 patients with serum and parasitological diagnosis of CD. Epidemiological, clinical, nutritional, and biochemical data were collected, including gender, age, skin color, smoking, alcoholism, physical activity, weight, stature, body mass index, abdominal circumference, glycemia, and lipid profile. Fifty-three percent were male and 47 percent female; 96 percent were white skinned. Mean age was 49.6±6.36 years. The predominant form was indeterminate in 71 percent; smoking and drinking were recorded in 23 percent and 17 percent, respectively. Sedentariness predominated in 83 percent, and 55 percent presented increased abdominal circumference. Most, 94 percent, were overweight or obese. The biochemical exams revealed hyperglycemia in 12 percent and dyslipidemia in 74 percent. These findings suggest that the Chagas population presents co-morbidities and risk factors for developing chronic non-transmissible diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, making CD evolution even worse.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chagas Disease/complications , Dyslipidemias/complications , Nutritional Status , Obesity/complications , Body Mass Index , Chronic Disease , Cohort Studies , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Chagas Disease/blood , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Life Style , Obesity/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index
5.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 11(2): 226-233, Apr. 2007. graf, ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-454724

ABSTRACT

Despite the existence of highly sensitive tests, inconclusive serological results are frequent in chronic chagasic infection. This study aimed to define a diagnostic conduct for 30 individuals with inconclusive serology (G3) for chagasic infection assisted at the Outpatient Unit for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the Botucatu School of Medicine. Twenty-one individuals with negative serology (G1) and 33 with positive serology (G2) were also studied. Serological methods ELISA, HAI, IFI and immunoblotting TESA-cruzi were used for G1, G2 and G3, and parasitological methods xenodiagnosis, hemoculture and PCR-LIT were used for G2 and G3 individuals. ELISA, HAI and IFI were performed in 5 different blood samples in G2 and G3. TESA-cruzi was carried out only once in G1, G2 and G3 and, since it is the most sensitive, it was utilized as standard. In G3, positivity for ELISA reached 86 percent in the fifth blood sample; the ELISA+HAI+IFI combination showed a maximum of 44.8 percent in the second sample; and TESA-cruzi, 76 percent in one single sample. Xenodiagnosis positivity was 9.4 percent; hemoculture showed 15.2 percent; and PCR-LIT exhibited 22 percent positivity in G2. Nevertheless, in G3, positivity percentage was 3.4 percent for xenodiagnosis, 6.7 percent for PCR-LIT, and no positive result was found for hemoculture. In G3, PCR-LIT resolved one case which was still inconclusive according to serology tests. In order to define inconclusive diagnoses, the results suggest the combined use of ELISA+HAI+IFI in 2 blood samples, decreasing the occurrence of false positive/negative results. If results remain inconclusive, the performance of TESA-cruzi and PCR-LIT, if necessary, is recommended.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serologic Tests , Xenodiagnosis
6.
Cad. saúde pública ; 20(2): 430-437, mar.-abr. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-357190

ABSTRACT

Com objetivo de avaliar qualidade de vida entre mulheres portadoras de HIV/AIDS, aplicou-se o HIV/AIDS í Quality of Life test (HAT-QoL), instrumento específico para indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. Compõe-se de 42 questões e divide-se em nove domínios com questões sobre diversos aspectos de vida dos portadores. A escala foi submetida à tradução reversa e pré-teste. Sua forma definitiva foi aplicada entre 73 mulheres com HIV/AIDS. Os resultados, após análise estatística, indicaram que os domínios mais comprometidos foram: Preocupações financeiras, Preocupação com sigilo sobre a infecção, Atividades sexuais e Preocupações com a saúde. Esses resultados foram atribuídos ao fato das mulheres apresentarem, além da infecção, uma situação sócio-econômica precária que, provavelmente, também interferiu negativamente em sua qualidade de vida. Concluímos que a escala HAT-QoL foi adequada para a população de mulheres portadoras de HIV deste estudo, apesar de ser originária de uma cultura diferente da brasileira, já que sua aplicação produziu resultados semelhantes aos da literatura internacional.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Quality of Life , Women's Health , HIV Infections
7.
Rev. saúde pública ; 38(2): 194-200, abr. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-357993

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Atualmente, entre as mulheres, a relação sexual é a forma de transmissão que mais tem contribuído para a feminização da epidemia de HIV/Aids. Na busca constante de se estabelecer padrões mais adequados de orientação para saúde, investigou-se o uso de medidas contraceptivas, que também sirvam de proteção da transmissão do HIV, entre mulheres portadoras de HIV/Aids. MÉTODOS: Estudo exploratório desenvolvido em um serviço público ambulatorial de um hospital universitário, referência aos portadores de HIV/Aids da região centro-sul do Estado de São Paulo, no período de cinco meses (2000 a 2001). Foram estudadas 73 mulheres portadoras da infecção pelo HIV, ou com Aids. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de um formulário que investigava a caracterização sociodemográfica, as formas de anticoncepção utilizada e a situação sorológica do parceiro sexual. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e os conteúdos das respostas abertas, agrupados em temas. Foi aplicado o teste exato de Fisher para análise de algumas variáveis, em nível de 5 por cento. Para a análise de conteúdo utilizou-se a proposta de Bardin. RESULTADOS: A maioria das mulheres estava em fase de vida reprodutiva, eram casadas e foram contaminadas quase exclusivamente por meio da relação heterossexual. Entre elas, 35,4 por cento referiam parceiro sexual discordante quanto à sorologia anti-HIV, e 13,7 por cento utilizavam formas inadequadas de anticoncepção que também não protegiam da transmissão do HIV. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados alertam para a necessidade de ações educativas continuadas quanto a experiências sexuais mais seguras entre portadoras de HIV/Aids, para que elas possam discutir com seus parceiros outras formas de exercerem sua sexualidade, sendo capazes de estabelecer opção contraceptiva mais consciente, de maneira a zelar pela sua saúde, do parceiro e até do concepto.


Subject(s)
Contraception , Sexual Behavior , HIV Infections/transmission , Women , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission , Health Education , Socioeconomic Factors , Women's Health
8.
In. Cimerman, Sérgio; Cimerman, Benjamim. Condutas em infectologia. São Paulo, Atheneu, 2004. p.143-150, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-407406

Subject(s)
Humans , Rabies
9.
In. Cimerman, Sérgio; Cimerman, Benjamim. Condutas em infectologia. São Paulo, Atheneu, 2004. p.350-356.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-407430
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