ABSTRACT
Se analiza el uso de las aplicaciones de la web 2.0 por profesionales y estudiantes del sector sanitario en Colombia, así como lo factores que inciden en la promoción del trabajo colaborativo de estos. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de una encuesta aplicada a 420 miembros de la población de estudio, con un ± 4,8 de error muestral y un 95 % de confianza. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cómo la promoción de la eSalud y la Salud 2.0 en Colombia está siendo liderada por actores sanitarios jóvenes adultos con hijos, con escasos niveles (bajos y medios) socioeconómicos y formativos. El trabajo colaborativo bajo la mediación tecnológica del sector sanitario colombiano estaría siendo liderado por aquellos profesionales de perfil profesional y técnico, y no por los médicos existentes en dicho sistema.
An analysis was conducted of the use of web 2.0 applications by professionals and students from the health sector in Colombia and the factors affecting the promotion of collaborative work among them. Data were collected from a survey applied to 420 members of the study population, with ± 4.8 sampling error and 95 % confidence. Results show that eHealth and health 2.0 promotion in Colombia is led by young health providers who are parents and have a low to medium socioeconomic level and training background. Collaborative work based on technology in the Colombian health sector is led by personnel with a professional and technical profile, not by physicians from the system.
O artigo analisa o uso das aplicações da web 2.0 nos profissionais e estudantes do sector sanitário na Colombia, assim como os factores que incidem na promoção do trabalho colaborativo deles. O tema abordado parte duma sondagem aplicada a 420 membros da povoação de estudo em dito país, com um ± 4,8 de erro amostral e um 95 % de confiança. Os dados obtidos nos permitem ver como a promoção da eSaúde e a Saúde 2.0 na Colombia está sendo gerida por actores sanitários jovens adultos com filhos, com escassos níveis (baixos e médios) socioeconômicos e formativos. O trabalho colaborativo sob a mediação tecnológica do setor sanitário colombiano estaria sendo gerido por aqueles profissionais de perfil profissional e técnico, e não pelos médicos existentes em dito sistema.
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus causes a large variety of infections, where many of them are acquired in the hospital environment. A significant part of the population is a nasal carrier of this type of microorganism. The present study evaluated the nasal colonization by S. aureus, identifying its resistance profile in nursing students from a private educational institute of higher education. Nasal swab samples were collected and identified for S. aureus. Moreover, an antibiogram assay was performed, followed by the search for ermA and ermC genes using PCR. Sixty -two students were included and we isolated 20 positive samples (32,5%) for S. aureus. For the phenotypic profile, 30% were found to be resistant to Erythromycin and 10% to Oxacillin and Cefoxitin. For the D-test in the genotypic profile, 25% presented mecA gene (MRSA), 5% of ermA gene, 35% of ermC gene and 10% with ermC and mecA genes. These data reinforce the necessity of monitoring bacterial colonization in hospital environment, which are potentially resistant in health professionals.
Staphylococcus aureus causa uma grande variedade de infecções, muitas delas adquiridas no ambiente hospitalar. Uma parcela significativa da população é carreadora nasal desses micro-organismos. O presente trabalho avaliou a colonização nasal por S. aureus identificando seu perfil de resistência em estudantes de enfermagem de uma instituição privada de ensino superior. Foram coletadas e identificadas amostras de swab nasal para S. aureus e realizado o antibiograma e a detecção por PCR dos genes mecA, ermA e ermC. Foram incluídos 62 alunos e isoladas 20 amostras (32,3%) positivas para S. aureus, no perfil fenotípico, 30% apresentaram resistência à Eritromicina e 10% para Oxacilina, Cefoxitina e para o teste D, no perfil genotípico 25% apresentaram gene mecA (MRSA), 5% do gene ermA e 35% do gene ermC, e 10% com genes ermC e mecA. Esses dados reforçam a necessidade de monitoramento de colonização por bactérias potencialmente resistente em profissionais da saúde.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Staphylococcus aureus , Macrolides , beta-Lactams , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusABSTRACT
Replacing regular urea (RU) by slow-release urea (SRU) at two levels of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in concentrate, offered with low-quality roughage, was evaluated in beef steers on dry matter intake (DMI), ruminal fermentation parameters, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), total tract apparent digestibility of diets and in situ degradability of nitrogen sources. Eight ruminally cannulated steers were allocated into two 4x4 Latin squares, totalizing four treatments: 40 NPN/0 SRU: 40% of concentrate crude protein (CP) as NPN, resulting from 0% of SRU and 100% of RU; 40 NPN/50 SRU: 40% of concentrate CP as NPN, resulting from 50% of SRU and 50% of RU; 40 NPN/100 SRU: 40% of concentrate CP as NPN, resulting from 100% of SRU and 0% of RU; 80 NPN/100 SRU: 80% of concentrate CP as NPN, resulting from 100% of SRU and 0% of RU. Results showed that partial substitution of regular urea by slow-release urea did not alter dry matter intake, pattern of ruminal fermentation or plasma urea nitrogen concentrations and increased the total tract apparent digestibility of crude protein in steers diets. The increase in non-protein nitrogen content in crude protein of the concentrate could compromise feed intake and the efficiency of nutrient utilization in the steers fed complete diets based on low quality forage.
ABSTRACT
This work aimed to study the probiotics association in 144 piglets from birth to 62 days old. In lactation, the design was completely randomized with two treatments, CTL, 1 mL of distilled water and ProbA, 5g in 15 ml of distilled water, both orally, and in the nursery in randomized block design, with 2x3 factorial arrangement of treatments, ProbA ProbB: 30g/ton of ProbB in the ration; CTL ProbB: 30g/ton of ProbB in the ration; ProbA ProbA, CTL CTL; ProbA CHA (challenged); CTL CHA. At 35 days of age the animal of the nursery were inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium orally. There was no effect of the parameters evaluated during the maternity. In nursery, the feed conversion was favorable to the ProbA. In the evaluation of fecal score, the challenged group had more diarrhea and increased elimination of S. typhimurium. Results showed the positive action of probiotics when applied at birth by the direct influence on the formation of the intestinal microbiota.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar la sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos y razones de verosimilitud de polipnea, tiraje y taquicardia como signos de hipoxemia en niños menores de 5 años con enfermedad respiratoria aguda baja. Metodología: se realizó un estudio prospectivo que incluyó niños de 1 mes a 5 años previamente sanos, ingresados con diagnóstico de infección respiratoria aguda baja o crisis asmática. Se definió hipoxemia como una saturación de oxígeno de la hemoglobina < 95 por ciento medida con oxímetro de pulso. Se registraron simultáneamente frecuencia respiratoria, cardíaca y tiraje. El tamaño de la muestra calculado fue de 96 niños hipoxémicos y 120 no hipoxémicos. Resultados: para polipnea, tiraje y taquicardia la sensibilidad fue de 64 por ciento, 59 por ciento y 66 por ciento respectivamente; la especificidad de 56 por ciento, 63 por ciento y 42 por ciento; el VPP de 54 por ciento, 56 por ciento y 48 por ciento, el VPN de 66 por ciento, 66 por ciento y 61 por ciento; el LR+ de 1,4 , 1,6 y 1,1. Conclusiones: los signos clínicos estudiados carecen de suficiente valor predictivo en el diagnóstico de hipoxemia en estos pacientes