ABSTRACT
Introducción: El tabaco es la primera causa de morbimortalidad prevenible en el mundo. En Chile la prevalencia de consumo es 40,6 por ciento, la mayor a nivel continental. El consejo breve o consejería breve (CB) es una intervención simple, efectiva y de bajo costo para el cese de consumo de tabaco, que Atención Primaria en Salud (APS) ha demostrado disminuir en la prevalencia de tabaquismo. Existe escasa información sobre la utilización de CB en APS en Chile. Métodos: Estudio transversal de metodología cuantitativa. Se encuestó a 604 pacientes pertenecientes a 2 centros APS de Santiago, tras haber recibido atención clínica. Los datos fueron analizados con SPSS 21 y calculadora web Graph Pad. Resultados: La prevalencia de tabaquismo entre los encuestados fue de 32,5por ciento, de ellos, el 78,6 por ciento reportó deseo de dejar de fumar. Al 43,7 por ciento de los encuestados se le preguntó respecto al consumo de tabaco en la atención reciente, y del total de fumadores, a 37,1 por ciento se les aconsejó dejar de fumar. Los pacientes fumadores calificaron la recepción de CB como "indiferente", "agradable" o "muy agradable" en un 94,9 por ciento, y en un 90,5 por ciento, entre aquellos que no desean dejar de fumar. Conclusión: El tabaquismo es un problema escasamente abordado en las atenciones clínicas APS, lo que contrasta con la alta prevalencia de consumo nacional y de los pacientes consultantes. La mayoría de los fumadores desea dejar de fumar, y la minoría considera "desagradable" o "muy desagradable" ser aconsejada para cesar el consumo, aun en aquellos fumadores que no quieren dejar de fumar.(AU)
Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Chile smoking prevalence is 40.6 percent, the highest on the continent. Brief advice or brief counseling (BC) is a simple, effective and inexpensive intervention for tobacco consumption cessation, that has been shown decrease smoking prevalence in Primary Health Care (PHC). There is little information on the use of BC in PHC in Chile. Methods: Cross-sectional study of quantitative methodology. 604 patients were surveyed from 2 PHC centers of Santiago, after receiving clinical care. Data was analyzed with SPSS 21 and Graph Pad web calculator. Results: The smoking prevalence among respondents was 32.5 percent, 78.6 percent of them expressed desire to quit 43.7 percent of respondents were asked about consumption of tobacco in a recent consultation, and a total 36.9 percent of smokers were advised to quit. Smokers patients rated reciving CB as "indifferent", "pleasant" or "very pleasant" in 94,9 percent and 90,5 percent among those who did not want to quit. Conclusion: Smoking is a problem rarely addressed in PHC, this contrasts with the high prevalence of domestic consumption and consulting patients. Most smokers want to quit and only a minority considered "unpleasant" or "very unpleasant" being advised to cease consumption, even in those smokers who do not want to quit.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nicotiana , Counseling , Primary Health Care , Chile , Tobacco Use CessationABSTRACT
Background: In a rapidly changing culture like ours, with emphasis on productivity, there is a strong need to find the meaning of health care work using learning instances that privilege reflection and face to face contact with others. The Diploma in Health and Humanization (DSH), was developed as an interdisciplinary space for training on issues related to humanization. Aim: To analyze the experience of DSH aiming to identify the elements that students considered key factors for the success of the program. Material and Methods: We conducted a focus group with DSH graduates, identifying factors associated with satisfaction. Transcripts were coded and analyzed by two independent reviewers. Results: DSH graduates valued a safe space, personal interaction, dialogue and respect as learning tools of the DSH. They also appreciates the opportunity to have emotional interactions among students and between them and the teacher as well as the opportunity to share personal stories and their own search for meaning. Discussion: DSH is a learning experience in which their graduates value the ability to think about their vocation and the affective interaction with peers and teachers. We hope to contribute to the development of face to face courses in the area of humanization. Face to face methodology is an excellent teaching technique for contents related to the meaning of work, and more specifically, to a group of learners that require affective communication and a personal connection of their work with their own values and beliefs.