ABSTRACT
Objectives: New cognitive theories of delusions have proposed that deficit or bias in inference stage [a stage of normal belief formation] is significant in delusion formation
The aim of this study was predicting the severity of delusions based on jumping-to-conclusion bias in patients with schizophrenia
Methods: The sample consisted of 60 deluded patients with schizophrenia who were selected from the Ebnesina and Razi hospitals in Shiraz using convenience sampling method The Similarity Task was used to measure the jumping-to-conclusion biases
Results: Its results have shown that the jumping-to-conclusion biases could predict a great part of the variance of delusions
Discussion: These results generally indicated that the jumping to conclusion biases may provide a more useful explanation for the delusion formation
ABSTRACT
Academic failure is an important issue in medical students which, if not controlled, will cause a drop in the academic level of physicians and paramedics in the coming years. Therefore, identification of factors affecting academic failure can influence the future planning of universities and reduce those factors and help effectiveness and flourishing of these students. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing academic failure in medical universities' students in the region II of country Which and its results can be applicable to Whole country. This study is a case-control study including all students with academic failure in the academic year 2009 in Semnan, Mashhad, Gorgan, Shahroud, Sabzevar, Gonabad and Bojnoord Universities of Medical Sciences [Probation, increased educational semesters, failure in comprehensive medical tests].Data on students with academic failure and other students was collected and analysed using SPSS software by chi-square test at 5% significance level. The prevalence of academic failure in men was higher than women [N=571, 5.33%]. There was a significant difference between two groups in terms of gender, type of university, degree and entry quota [P <0.05]. Given the significant differences in some demographic and educational characteristics between students with and without academic failure, special attention and planning in this area are necessary