ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of different levels of amputations in type-2 diabetics. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of study: Department of Surgery Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from 27 Aug 2012 to 27 Feb 2013
Material and Methods: Non probability consecutive sampling technique was used to enroll 158 type-2 diabetics undergoing amputations satisfying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data regarding level of amputation, glycosylated Hb% and duration of diabetes mellitus [DM] was recorded followed by analysis using SPSS version 17
Results: Total 158 patients were enrolled, 102 [64.5%] male and 56 [35.44%] female, with male female ratio of 1.8:1. Mean age of presentation was 54.99 +/- 7.84 years in males and 55.14 +/- 8.99 years in females respectively, the difference being statistically insignificant [p=0.912]. Mean duration of DM was found 10.88 +/- 3.16 years in males and 10.03 +/- 2.50 years in females while mean level of glycosylated hemoglobin was 7.54 +/- 0.68 and 7.35 +/- 0.63 in males and females respectively, both values statistically insignificant. Below knee amputation [BKA] was done in 55 [34.8%] patients, above knee amputation [AKA] 34 [21.5%], Toe amputation [TA] 42 [26.6%] and foot amputation [FA] in 27[17.1%]
Conclusion: Majority of the patients underwent major amputations and most frequent level of amputation was below knee amputation
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of undiagnosed hypertension [HTN] in patients presenting with stroke
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of medicine, Combined Military Hospital [CMH] Kohat from June 2011 to June 2012
Material and Methods: A total of 190 patients with stroke were included in the study with non-probability, consecutive sampling. Written informed consent and demographics of patients were obtained and permission of the hospital ethical committee was taken. Detailed past history was obtained especially focusing on whether a known hypertensive patient or using any antihypertensive medication. All the patients were subjected to detailed physical examination. Blood pressure [BP] was measured by using standard mercury sphygmomanometer on two different occasions 10 minutes apart and the patient was labeled as hypertensive if both readings showed equal to or more than 140/90mmHg of blood pressure
Results: The mean age of patients was 46.31 +/- 15.30years. There were 126 [66.3%] males and 64 [33.7%] females. The mean systolic BP of patients was 125.59 +/- 19.97mmHg while diastolic BP was 86.32 +/- 12.62 mmHg. In this study, there were 64 [33.7%] cases who had undiagnosed HTN before stroke. The difference was insignificant among different age groups and both genders [p-value>0.05]
Conclusion: The frequency of undiagnosed HTN is high in patients presenting with stroke which calls for a proper screening program to diagnose and treat HTN at early stage to prevent such deadly complications