ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nose morphology depends on gender, ethnicity, and environmental conditions. It can be used in identification of the race and sex of persons whose identity is unknown. Nasal index is a useful tool in anthropometry
Methods: In this study, nasal parameters of Iranian males and females students were measured [nasal height, nasal width, and nasal index]. This study was conducted on 200 medical students of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. Subjects were 100 males and 100 females, aged 18-30 years. The nasal height and width were measured by a sliding vernier calliper and the nasal index was accordingly calculated
Results: Our data showed that the mean nasal index for males and females were 68.91 +/- 8.11 and 66.05 +/- 7.53, respectively. So, nose of Iranian people is leptorrhine type. The mean nasal index in males was significantly [P and le,0.05] higher than that in females
Conclusion: The result of this study could be employed in the detection of gender in forensic medicine and rhinoplasty surgery
ABSTRACT
Early diagnosis and endoscopic resection of adenomatous polyps is the main approach for screening and prevention of colorectal cancer [CRC]. We aimed to assess polyp detection rate [PDR] and to characterize demographic, clinical, and pathological features of colorectal polyps in an Iranian population. We retrospectively analyzed the data from 5427 colonoscopies performed during 2007-2012 at Masoud Clinic, the main endoscopy center associated with Sasan Alborz Biomedical Research Center, in Tehran, Iran. Our sample included 2928 [54%] women and 2499 [46%] men, with the mean age of 48.3 years [SD=16.1]. The most common reasons for colonoscopy included screening in 25.0%, and gastrointestinal bleeding in 15.2%. Cecal intubation was successful in 86% of patients. The quality of bowel preparation was fair to excellent in 78.1% [n=4235] of colonoscopies. Overall PDR was 42.0% [95% CI: 40.6-43.3]. The PDR in men [51.1%, 95% CI: 49.1-53.1] was significantly higher than women [34.2%, 95% CI: 32.4-35.9, p<0.001]. Polyps were more frequently observed in patients after the 6th decade of life [F=3.2; p=0.004]. CRC was detected in 2.9% [73/2499] of men and 1.9% [57/2928] of women [p=0.02]. The mean age for patients with cancer was significantly higher than that for individuals with polyps, 60.9 [SD=13.4] year vs. 56.9 [SD=13.7] year, respectively [p=0.001]. Almost 82.8% of the lesions were precancerous with tubular type predominance [62.3%] followed by tubulo-villous [10.3%], villous [6.6%], and serrated [3.6%]. Hyperplastic/inflammatory polyps comprised 17.2% of lesions. Distal colon was more prone to develop polyps and cancer than proximal colon in our series. These findings provide a great infrastructure for next preventive programs and have implications for colorectal cancer screening at population-level