ABSTRACT
Background: despite clear reasons for necessity of sexual health education for adolescents, it is a contested issue and has faced challenges in most cultures. Providing sexual education for non-married adolescents is culturally unacceptable in most Muslim societies
Objective: this qualitative study addressed socio-cultural challenges to sexual health education for female adolescents in Iran
Materials and Methods: qualitative data from female adolescents [14-18 yr], mothers, teachers, authorities in health and education organizations, health care providers and clergies were collected in two large cities of Iran including Mashhad and Ahvaz through focus group discussions and individual in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis with MAXqda software
Results: our results revealed that the main socio-cultural challenges to sexual health education for adolescents in Iran are affected by taboos surrounding sexuality. The emergent categories were: denial of premarital sex, social concern about negative impacts of sexual education, perceived stigma and embarrassment, reluctance to discuss sexual issues in public, sexual discussion as a socio-cultural taboo, lack of advocacy and legal support, intergenerational gap, religious uncertainties, and imitating non-Islamic patterns of education
Conclusion: it seems that cultural resistances are more important than religious prohibitions, and affect more the nature and content of sexual health education. However, despite existence of salient socio-cultural doubtful issues about sexual health education for adolescents, the emerging challenges are manageable to some extent. It is hoped that the acceptability of sexual health education for adolescents could be promoted through overcoming the cultural taboos and barriers as major obstacles
ABSTRACT
The negative attitudes and behaviors of Iranian nursing students impede learning and threaten their progression and retention in nursing programs. The need to understand students' perception and experiences of nursing provide knowledge about effectiveness of nursing education program as well as their professional identity. The purpose of this study was to discover experiences of nursing students. In a descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study, twelve senior nursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences [School of Nursing and Midwifery] were participated. Data was collected via unstructured in-depth interview, and thematic analysis method was used for analyzing the data. The findings from this study revealed that the nursing students in Iran experienced altered experiences during their education program as positive and negative. Two major themes were constructed from the thematic analysis of the transcripts: professional dimensions and professional conflicts. Regarding the findings, positive experiences of students have leaded them to acceptance and satisfaction of nursing and negative experiences to rejection and hating of nursing and lack of adaptation with their professional roles. Therefore, it is recommended that revision and improvement in nursing education program is essential to facilitate positive experiences and remove negative experiences of nursing student's educational environment.
ABSTRACT
Adolescent is a time of profound biologic, intellectual, psychological, and socioeconomic change that they will face a crisis. Therefore, compatibility may be exposed to many hazards, such as depression, anxiety, and other emotional problems. Nevertheless, a planned regular exercise enhances physical and mental health of adolescent female with diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of exercise on emotional reactions of female adolescents with type I diabetes. This study was a quasi-experimental research conducted in Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre. A total of 72 patients were randomly allocated in the two groups. The intervention group did aerobic exercise for 45 minutes, while the control group did not aerobic exercise. Data were collected using a Symptom Checklist [SCL]-90 questionnaire. Data were analyzed and using descriptive and inferential statistics methods and SPSS software. The results showed that the mean score for physical symptoms, depression, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, aggression, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychosis, and anxiety in the test group significantly decreased after intervention than before intervention. The average score in the control group did not differ. The average total score of emotional reactions in the test group after the intervention decreased before the intervention significantly [P = 0.001]. However, in the control group, the mean scores did not differ [P = 0.97]. The findings showed that regular exercise is effective on affective responses of adolescent females with type I diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Management of health care organizations based on employee's mutual trust will increase the improvement in functions and tasks. The present study was performed to investigate the relationship between organizational trust and the nurse administrators' productivity in educational health centers of in Health-Education Centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. This research was a descriptive and correlational study. The population included all nurse administrators. In this research, 165 nurses were selected through random sampling method. Data collection instruments were organizational trust questionnaire based on Robbins's model and productivity questionnaire based on Hersy and Blanchard's model. Validity of these questionnaires was determined through content validity and their reliability was calculated through Cranach's alpha. Statistical analysis was used: The data analysis was done using the SPSS [18] statistical software. The indicators of organizational trust such as loyalty, competence, honesty, and stability were more than average level but explicitness indicator was at average level. The components of productivity such as ability, job knowledge, environmental compatibility, performance feedback, and validity were more than average level but motivation factor was at average level and organizational support was less than average level. There were a significant multiple correlations between organizational trust and productivity. Beta coefficients among organizational trust and productivity were significant and no autocorrelation existed and regression model was significant. Committed employees, timely performing the tasks and developing the sense of responsibility among employees can enhance production and productivity in the health care organizations
ABSTRACT
Despite so many unmet sexual health education [SHE] needs of adolescents, socio cultural challenges have caused this issue to be ignored in different scoieties. This study investigated Iranian female adolescents' experiences and perceptions with respect to SHE that they received at schools, and what they really needed, expected, and preferred. In this qualitative study, seven focus group discussions [44 adolescents] and 13 individual in depth interviews were conducted among female adolescents aged 14-18 in Mashhad and Ahvaz, Iran, to explore adolescents' experiences and perceptions towards SHE in Iranian schools. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Analyzing adolescents' perspectives and experiences revealed their great dissatisfaction with SHE in schools. Emerged categories included: lack of obligation and priority for SHE, sexual reticence and evading, making adolescents frightened of sexual issues, inconsistency of SHE with adolescents' needs, unqualified educators, and lack of appropriate educational materials. This study found some similarities between expectations of Iranian adolescents and those of adolescents from other cultures about an SHE program. Adolescents showed great abilities to appraise health services delivered for them, and so any program for sexual health promotion in adolescents ought to address adolescents' needs, demands, and aspirations. Their contribution can provide insights for tailoring SHE programs for adolescents.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of nutritional recommendations for children with type I diabetes mellitus [1DDM] is the control of blood sugar to decrease the long term complications of diabetes such as cardiovascular disease that should be prevented from the early childhood Still there are no precise data on compliance with these recommendations in diabetic children. To compare the dietary intake of children with IDDM and Controls and with current recommendations for children with IDDM. In this case-control study, 143 IDDM children and adolescents aged 4-18 years who visited at least three times a year in our research center were selected by continuous convenient sampling. Their nutrient intake was compared with 147 healthy controls matched for age, sex and area of residence. The nutrient content were analyzed by using the Nutritionist III software package and data were analyzed through SPSS software package [version 6]. P value <0.05 was considered significant. The data are presented as mean [ +/- SD] and frequencies. In the 4-6 years age group, the intake of total calories and fiber, in the 7-10 years age group intake of fiber, fat, protein, carbohydrate, sugar and saturated fatty acid [SFA], also the percentage of calorie intake from, fat, protein, carbohydrate, sugar and SFA, in the 10-14 year age group intake of sugar and fiber, also the energy intake from poly unsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] and sugar and in the 15-18 year age group the intake of fiber, total calorie, protein, carbohydrate and sugar in diabetic children were higher than the control group. In all age groups the energy intake of carbohydrates and fats were in the standard allowance limits, while percentage of energy consumed from protein in all age groups was slightly higher than standard allowances, bringing about the risk of nephropathy in diabetic children. The intake of fiber decreased by age and SFA intake increased by age, so, dietary educational measures on a national basis are needed to change unhealthy eating pattern in our community