ABSTRACT
Based on estimations, each year about 250 million work-related injuries and many temporary or permanent disabilities occur which most are preventable. Mining and metal industries are among industries with high incidence of injuries in the world. The aim of this study was assessment of incidence of and age and work experience characteristics in work-related injuries in mining and mineral industries in Iran. In a retrospective study data about severe non fatal and fatal work related injuries gathered from accident registry system of the governmental Iranian mining and mineral industries development and renovation organization [IMIDRO] between 2003 and 2011. Injury characteristics including injury types, injured body parts, injury outcome and also age and work experience categorized. Incidence rates and Injury characteristics assessed based on age and work experience groups in injured workers. 10032 work-related injuries and 197 deaths were reported in the mentioned period. Mean age of injured workers was 33.9 [SD=8.4] years and mean work experience was 7.7 [SD=6.6] years. Age in 76 percent of cases was less than 40 years. 49.9% of them had work experience less than 5 years. Most common accident type was trauma and impact [27%] followed by falls [24.1%]. Most common injured parts were lower limbs [33.3%] and upper limbs [33%]. Most common accident outcome was strain and sprain [42.4%]. There were some differences between age and work experience groups. Occupational injuries are more common in younger and less experienced workers. High risk workers should be recognized and suitable programs should be considered for them
Subject(s)
Humans , Age Factors , Work , Mining , Minerals , Industry , Incidence , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The risk of violence is higher in some occupations, including nursing. Also, violence is becoming more prevalent in health care settings. The first step for reducing violence is recognition of its potential risk factors. The aim of present study was assessment of violence against nurses and related risk factors in Iran. In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study Persian version of NEXT questionnaire was used. Sampling method was multistep sampling. Stratification was performed based on the hospital and then in each hospital questionnaires was given to nurses non-randomly. 1070 nurses working in 14 TUMS [Tehran University of medical sciences] hospitals were included in the study. Psychological violence from patients and their relatives against nurses included in the study was 60.3%. There was no significant relationship between age, sex, professional position, work experience, patients numbers who worked with participants in a single shift and average weekly work hours and psychological violence from patients and their relatives but participants ward, work schedule, and work disturbances, had a significant relationship with psychological violence from patients/relatives. Based on this study, violence against nurses is a common and important problem and further studies aimed to reduce that, with regard to risk factors achieved in this study, is essential
ABSTRACT
Job burnout is a common disorder in work places which has negative impacts on job satisfaction, physical and mental health status of employees of faculties. Aim of this study was to investigate job burnout and related factors in employees of Ex-Iran University of Medical Sciences faculties. In a cross-sectional survey, in the year 2010, 445 employees of Ex-Iran University of Medical Sciences, with total job history of more than one year and recent position history of at least 6 months, were included in study. A questioner included demographic questions and the Maslach Burnout Inventory [MBI] for evaluating job burnout was used in this study. The data analyzed with statistical methods. p<0.05 used for significance in this study. Mean of emotional exhaustion scores was 13.13 [ +/- 9.8], depersonalization 4 [ +/- 4.49] and personal accomplishment 22.63[ +/- 10.13]. In analysis of variance, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization levels in female workers was more than males and in employees with job history of
ABSTRACT
Noise is the most common hazard in the workplace and noise induced hearing loss considered to be the most common occupational disease as well. Cigarette smoking, in some studies, has been known to induce hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of contemporary exposure to occupational noise and cigarette smoking on hearing. 478 assembly workers of an automobile plant which were exposed to the noise more than TLV [threshold limit value] level included in this study. After considering the exclusion criteria, all participants according to the smoking status were divided in smoker and nonsmoker groups and compared for hearing impairment. Hearing impairment in this study was assessed with the offered method of American Academy of Otolaryngology [AAO]. Of 478 assembly workers, 225 persons were smokers and others non smokers. Prevalence of hearing impairment in smokers was significantly higher [p<0.001]. Hearing impairment had a significant relation with smoking status even after adjusting for cofounders like age and duration of work [OR=8.23, 95% CI=3.63-18.66]. The results of this study suggested that cigarette smokers had more hearing impairment than non smokers. According to these results we concluded that in working environments, especially in noisy ones, workers must be encouraged to quit smoking and regular audiometric tests, especially for smokers, must be applied. We must consider not only the noise, but indeed all effective elements of hearing impairment in working environment that could compromise the hearing
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in developed and several of developing countries and estimates for 40 - 45% of that. In Iran statistics shows high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular diseases with accidents are the most important causes of mortality. Health deputy of Ministry of Health reported 70000 deaths from cardiovascular diseases in 2007. Also cardiovascular diseases are one of the most causes of impairment. Cardiovascular impairment is high in Iran because of high rate of cardiovascular diseases, but unfortunately, it has not been paied attention yet and there is no known functional way for impairment assessment. Impairment and disability assessment is a complex and difficult method and physicians should assess impairment based on patients' history, physical and Paraclinical findings, but a team work is necessary for determination of disability based on multiple aspects such as impairment, psychosocial and job of patients