ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The detection and exact localization of penetrating foreign bodies are crucial for the appropriate management of patients with dentoalveolar trauma. This study compared the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and spiral computed tomography (CT) scans for the detection of different foreign bodies composed of 5 frequently encountered materials in 2 sizes. The effect of the location of the foreign bodies on their visibility was also analyzed. @*Materials and Methods@#In this in vitro study, metal, tooth, stone, glass, and plastic particles measuring 1×1×1mm and 2×2×2 mm were prepared. They were implanted in a sheep’s head in the tongue muscle, nasal cavity, and at the interface of the mandibular cortex and soft tissue. CBCT and spiral CT scans were taken and the visibility of foreign bodies was scored by 4 skilled maxillofacial radiologists who were blinded to the location and number of foreign bodies. @*Results@#CT and CBCT were equally accurate in visualizing metal, stone, and tooth particles of both sizes. However, CBCT was better for detecting glass particles in the periosteum. Although both imaging modalities visualized plastic particles poorly, CT was slightly better for detecting plastic particles, especially the smaller ones. @*Conclusion@#Considering the lower patient radiation dose and cost, CBCT can be used with almost equal accuracy as CT for detecting foreign bodies of different compositions and sizes in multiple maxillofacial regions. However, CT performed better for detecting plastic particles.
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Accurate measurement of the available bone height is an essential step in the pre-surgical phase of dental implantation. Panoramic radiography is a unique technique in the pre-surgical phase of dental implantations because of its low cost, relatively low-dose, and availability
Purpose: This article aimed to assess the reliability of dental panoramic radiographs in the accurate measurement of the vertical bone height with respect to the horizontal location of the alveolar crest
Materials and Method: 132 cone-beam computed tomography [CBCT] of the edentulous mandibular molar area and dental panoramic radiograph of 508 patients were selected. Exclusion criteria were bone abnormalities and detectable ideal information on each modality. The alveolar ridge morphology was categorized into 7 types according to the relative horizontal location of the alveolar crest to the mandibular canal based on CBCT findings. The available bone height [ABH] was defined as the distance between the upper border of the mandibular canal and alveolar crest. One oral radiologist and one oral surgeon measured the available bone height twice on each modality with a 7-dayinterval
Results: We found a significant correlation between dental panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography values [ICC=0.992, p< 0.001]. A positive correlation between the horizontal distance of the alveolar crest to the mandibular canal and measured differences between two radiographic modalities had been found [r=0.755, p< 0.001]. For each single unit of increase in the horizontal distance of the alveolar crest to the mandibular canal, dental panoramic radiographs showed 0.87 unit of overestimation [p< 0.001]
Conclusion: Dental panoramic radiographs can be employed safely in the pre-surgical phase of dental implantation in posterior alveolus of mandible, especially in routine and simple cases
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Dental caries, the most common infectious disease, can lead to several consequences, including inflammation and bleeding of the gum, abscess formation, tooth loss, and subsequently loss of available space in the arch
Purpose: This study was designed to determine dental caries status of Shiraz preschool children and its related factors
Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the children registered in Shiraz kindergartens in 2014. The study recruited 453 children by randomized cluster sampling. We evaluated the children's demographic and oral hygiene factors, and their dental caries status using decayed, missed, and filled tooth [dmft] index and prevalence of the children with untreated dental caries. Relationship between the children's characteristics and their dental caries status was evaluated
Results: Only 119 children [30.1%] were caries-free. The children's mean dmft index was 3.88[+/-3.9]. After controlling the effect of confounding factors, the children's dental caries status was significantly associated with variables indicating their socioeconomic status such as fathers' job, mothers' education, and number of children in the family. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the children's dental caries status and their oral hygiene habits such as frequency of tooth brushing
Conclusion: The dental caries status of the studied preschool children was not desirable which could be indicative of the inadequacy of the current preventive programs. To improve this issue, interventional preventive programs such as tooth brushing are recommended. The programs are more necessary for the children of low socioeconomic families and those with poor oral hygiene habits
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Finding a significant relationship between temporomandibular joint [TMJ] morphology and the incidence of temporomandibular dysfunction [TMD] may help early prediction and prevention of these problems
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the morphology of mandibular fossa and the articular eminence inclination in patients with TMD and in control group using cone beam computed tomography [CBCT]
Materials and Method: The CBCT data of bilateral TMJs of 40 patients with TMD and 23 symptom-free cases were evaluated. The articular eminence inclination, as well as the glenoid fossa depth and width of the mandibular fossa were measured. The paired t-test was used to compare these values between two groups
Results: The articular eminence inclination and glenoid fossa width and depth were significantly higher in patients with TMD than in the control group [p < 0.05]
Conclusion: The articular eminence inclination was steeper in patients with TMD than in the control group. Glenoid fossa width and depth were higher in patients with TMD than that in the control group. This information may shed light on the relationship between TMJ morphology and the incidence of TMD