ABSTRACT
The present study was done to scrutinize the possible relation between infective genes and antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Considering the fact that the presence of recognized infective determinants among clinical isolates may promote the emergence of infections and persistence of Enterococci in hospital settings, which can lead to an increase in antimicrobial resistance. 175 E. faecalis and 67 E. faecium isolated from clinical specimens were used. The isolates were identified, and then antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed. The MIC of vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined by broth microdilution method. The presence of infective genes esp, hyl and asa₁ was scrutinized using PCR. Of the 280 enterococcal isolates, 175 (62.5%) isolates were identified as E. faecalis, 67 (24%) as E. faecium and 38 (13.5%) as Enterococcus spp. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance rates of 5% and 73% to vancomycin and teicoplanin in E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that the esp infective gene has significant associations with ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and tetracycline in E. faecium and with chloramphenicol in E. faecalis strains; the hyl with teicoplanin and vancomycin in E. faecium strains; and also asa₁ with vancomycin in E. faecium and with ampicillin and chloramphenicol in E. faecalis strains. Regarding the relationships between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium, detection of infective factors associated with invasive diseases has become a major issue of concern.
Subject(s)
Ampicillin , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chloramphenicol , Ciprofloxacin , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Enterococcus , Enterococcus faecalis , Enterococcus faecium , Erythromycin , Iran , Methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Teicoplanin , Tetracycline , Vancomycin , VirulenceABSTRACT
The present study was done to scrutinize the possible relation between infective genes and antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Considering the fact that the presence of recognized infective determinants among clinical isolates may promote the emergence of infections and persistence of Enterococci in hospital settings, which can lead to an increase in antimicrobial resistance. 175 E. faecalis and 67 E. faecium isolated from clinical specimens were used. The isolates were identified, and then antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed. The MIC of vancomycin and teicoplanin were determined by broth microdilution method. The presence of infective genes esp, hyl and asa₁ was scrutinized using PCR. Of the 280 enterococcal isolates, 175 (62.5%) isolates were identified as E. faecalis, 67 (24%) as E. faecium and 38 (13.5%) as Enterococcus spp. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance rates of 5% and 73% to vancomycin and teicoplanin in E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, respectively. The statistical analysis showed that the esp infective gene has significant associations with ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and tetracycline in E. faecium and with chloramphenicol in E. faecalis strains; the hyl with teicoplanin and vancomycin in E. faecium strains; and also asa₁ with vancomycin in E. faecium and with ampicillin and chloramphenicol in E. faecalis strains. Regarding the relationships between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in strains of E. faecalis and E. faecium, detection of infective factors associated with invasive diseases has become a major issue of concern.
Subject(s)
Ampicillin , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Chloramphenicol , Ciprofloxacin , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Enterococcus , Enterococcus faecalis , Enterococcus faecium , Erythromycin , Iran , Methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Teicoplanin , Tetracycline , Vancomycin , VirulenceABSTRACT
Traumatic injuries to great vessels are relative common in trauma practice. Blunt thoracic trauma may result in dissection injury to aorta and innominate artery. We herein present a late presentation of traumatic innominate artery aneurysm. A29-year-old woman presented with dyspnea to our emergency department. She had previous motor-vehicle accident a month before presentation for which had undergone chest tube insertion. She was diagnosed to have traumatic aneurysm of innominate artery resulting in tracheal stenosis resulting in acute life threatening respiratory failure. She underwent simultaneous aneurysm resection and tracheal reconstruction. She was uneventfully discharged from hospital. Any post-traumatic respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms may propound an undiagnosed serious injury to the great vessels. Extra and repetitive imaging studies may help us in better evaluation of traumatized patients with high energy mechanisms and sharp injuries to chest and neck
ABSTRACT
Background: The importance of safety in hospitals can be studied from different angles since hospital is a critical environment for incidents. Assessment of occupational accidents in hospitals can prevent their recurrence and maintain human and financial resources. This study aimed to investigate the occupational accidents among staff in a hospital
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was carried out in a hospital in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Two hundred and thirty staff from various wards of the hospital were recruited by stratified random sampling. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS-20 software with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests
Results: The study results revealed that among staff, most of the occupational accidents was related to skin contact with blood or other body fluids and least of them belonged to toxicity with solvents. The results showed significant differences regarding occupational accidents between different groups of gender, years of work experience, organizational position, shift type, and age
Conclusion: Since most of the occupational accidents happened at least one time among hospital staff, paying attention to prevention of it is necessary. Due to the complex nature of hospitals, management and prevention of occupational accidents require all personnel's willpower and involvement, and hospital management reform