ABSTRACT
Obesity is rising rapidly in Iran. Nutrition is an important issue of obesity; Fruits and vegetables are among the best food sources of antioxidant vitamins, soluble fibers, phytochemicals, and other nutrient constituents. Further, some of these foods have been shown to be protective related to reduction of chronic disease risk. In this study, consumption of fruits and vegetables and body mass index [BMI] among College Students Living in dormitory at Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences were evaluated. In this descriptive analytic survey, 658 college students whose have being lived in dormitory at Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences were selected by clustering sampling method. Data collected using a food frequency questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS[16] software. Mean age of participants was 21.82 for females and 22.76 years for males. Frequency of fruits consumption was 2.6+/- 0.9 per day in female and 2.3+/-0.7 in male, while frequency of vegetables consumption was 3.2+/-1.00 in female and 2.9+/- 0.9 per day in male students. In general, consumption of fruits [p=0.003] and vegetables [p<0.001] were significantly more in female than males students. BMI in students was normal. Results indicated that students hadn't optimal practice towards fruits and vegetables consumption. Thus, it is essential that authorities pay more attention to this specific problem in training the students, in order to maintain the optimal nutritional status
ABSTRACT
Sleeping is an important physiological process, wielding deep effect on the spiritual and physical health of individuals. The present study has been carried out to investigate workers' sleep quality in GoleGohar Mineral Industries Co., Sirjan, Iran. This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study has been carried out in 2012. The statistical society included 345 workers in of psychological health of workers in Hematite and Pelletizing section in GoleGohar Mineral Industries Co., Sirjan. The sampling method was simple random selection. Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] was applied in the study, with the Cronbach validity of 0.83. Analysis of data was carried out under SPSS 19 software using descriptive and inferential statistics tests. Workers averaged 30.92+/-4.78 years of age and their working experience averaged 5.47+/-3.24 years. 82.9 percent of the workers responding to the questionnaire were satisfied with their jobs, and 17.1 percent were not satisfied. Body Mass Index [BMI] for workers averaged 24.5+/-3.51 Kg/m3.51 Kg/m[2] 46.9 percent of workers experienced satisfactory sleep and 53.1 percent of them experienced unsatisfactory sleep. The present study has reported workers' sleep quality in a modest level. With high influence of sleep quality on individual performance and on their general health, and high incidence of workplace events, this aspect of workers' health should be in the focus of policy-makers and relevant authorities in health sector
ABSTRACT
Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by consuming food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Two main epidemiological characteristic of disease is tendency for create of sudden outbreaks and the ability to causing a pandemic. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of the disease. This survey is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on reports from the health centers and hospitals covered by city health centers. Rectal swab is obtained from all suspected cases. After reporting each positive case, health team was sent to the location and it completed the epidemiological form. Data were analyzed by version 16 of SPSS software. All reported patients were 44 cases. Epidemic lasted from 4 August to 18 September 2011. Ogawa was the predominant pathogenic serosubtype. 47.7% of all patients admitted to the hospital and 52.3% were treated as outpatients. Most of the patients were in age group >60 years and there were no reports of disease in age group under 15 years. 2 of the 44 patients had mild symptoms of diarrhea, 13 patients had moderate and 29 cases had severe diarrhea. Not affection of age groups less than 15 years indicates epidemic patterns of disease in the city. Severity of symptoms is important in case finding; then, in disease surveillance system we should obtain rectal swab specimen from all cases of diarrhea with severe symptoms
ABSTRACT
Chlorotoxin is a 36 amino acids peptide, which is able to block chloride channels isolated from mouse brain. A derivative of chlorotoxin is synthesized and it is labeled by iodine 131; then animal experiments carry out on rats. Multiple organ doses may be calculated with biological distribution results in rats with labeled compounds using simulated MCNP4C code. Human dose can be calculated using the dose distribution in rats with a conversion ratio for dose distribution. Chloramine T is our method for marking, and electrophilic substitution reactions are methods for iodize of peptides. Simulation of a human phantom to evaluate dose distribution was done using simulation code MCNP4C. To evaluate the dose distribution in the human body, using this code and the accumulated activity in each organ tissue dose is calculated. To study the biological distribution of the radiotracer 131I, 0.37 MBq radiotracer was injected into rat via the tail vein. The accumulated activity in each organ with the agent "ID / g" is determined. Biological distribution of 131I-chlorotoxine in the normal rats is obtained. Its Decay constant in the liver is 0.07h and the effective half-life of the radiotracer is 10h in rat liver. The total number of particles found in the leak from liver tissue was reported 67600. Liver tissue dosimetries originating from other sources [thyroid tissue, stomach, kidney, right and left lung, spleen, and pancreas] were examined. Then, the overall dose to the target tissue will be calculated. Leaked beta particles in liver itself [self-dose] are the most delivered dose to the liver [98%]; it is for gamma rays 1.1%, while its source is adjacent tissues in addition to liver [cross-dose]; Because of low atomic number of the tissue, delivered dose originated from Bremsstrahlung [braking radiation] is low [0.9%]. Radiation dose to the liver in intravenous injection of 0.37 MBq [131]I-chlorotoxine radiotracer is 3.44 [asterisk] 10-6
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the prevalence of mental disorders has increased and the prevalence of 18-23% is reported for Iran. This study aims to evaluate psychological aspect of general health status of children in Ilam city, located in Iran using a questionnaire. This study is a descriptive-comparative research that measures general health of boys and girls in schools. The required information is obtained by means of the GHQ-28 standard questionnaire which distributed among 118 children. The general health is divided into four categories, in which the dangerous group receives the higher scores in the range of 64-84. The SPSS software is used for data analysis. The sample consisted of 64 [54%] boys and 54 [46%] girls and overall score of children are classified into four categories. Among the samples, 38 participants [32.2%], 61 children [51.7%], 17 children [14.7%] and two persons [1.7%] are received the scores of 0-21, 22-42, 43-63 and 64-84, respectively. Also, the statistical association is observed between age, grade and general health of participants [P <0.05]. Relatively large numbers of children possessed good general health status. It is found that as age of participant is increased its general health degrades
ABSTRACT
Along with other areas in our country, the research in medical sciences is a necessity for the maintenance and improvement of community health. The objectives of this study were to determine the intra-organizational factors of conducting research in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The matrix of the study included entire academic members and research staff of the university where 121 of them were selected randomly for a descriptive cross sectional study. A questionnaire was designed to collect data using Likert Spectrum. The major difficulty was the lack of sufficient free time. Significant differences were seen in respect with the access to facilities and conducting research, assessing expected benefits of conducting research, level of research awareness among academic members with and without research project. Differences in respect with motivation force, collaboration, job satisfaction and expected benefits from conducting research were shown to be not significant. As stated by academic members, their problems involved with conducting research projects provides lesser role of intra-organizational factors compared to that of personal factors. In other words, the most major problems in not doing research are the lack of sufficient time and proper skills in research method and innovation in looking for problems to be solved
ABSTRACT
Today, medical and nursing education is moving from traditional into student-centered educational system. In this context, teaching and learning via computers and internet has been increasing in popularity. This study was aimed to determine the knowledge, skills, access and usage of computers, internet and databases in nursing students and some of the related factors. This is a descriptive and correlation study. 145 undergraduate students were randomly selected from the nursing midwifery school. Data were collected by "status of computer and internet usage" questionnaire. Content validity and test-retest method were used for its validity and reliability respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 and analytical - descriptive statistics. Nursing students expressed their knowledge and skills of computers and internet usage in the good level. Also, their access to computers and internet were "high" [44. 8%] and "moderate" [47. 6%] respectively. The most important factors of facilitating and inhibiting usage of computers and internet were "Easy using of computer" and "Slow speed of internet" respectively. The knowledge and skills of computers and internet usage was correlated with their usage. The results of this study highlights needs of computers and internet learning for nurses. This should be consider by health planners and policy makers
ABSTRACT
Boophilus genus ticks are responsible for transferring some pathogens and reducing production factors in cattle. Tropomysin [TPM] protein has actin regulator activity and playing important role in immune and allergic reactions. The main goal is to determine different aspects of phylogenetic, similarity, homology, structure and allergenicity of TPM protein. In prior study, we identified TPM by using Mass-spectrometry in Boophilus anulatus larva proteins extraction. Analysis by NCBI and Mascot software showed complete similarity of this protein with Boophilus microplus. TPM Blasting, invertebrates TPM sequences retrieval, aligning and analyzing of conserved and variable regions along sequences were next steps. Also, construction the phylogenetic tree, overall mean distances estimation, homology protein secondary structure, allergencity analysis was achieved. The most similar sequences to Boophilus genus TPM are Haemaphysalis sp., Scolopendra sp. and etc., respectively. The multiple sequence alignment showed that conserved and variable regions stretched in different part of TPM. The close relationships in Phylogenetic tree between Ticks and Mites were seen, although the TPM sequences in ticks are more similar to each other than to mites and assume as the nearest relatives. Insects TPM like worms, located in two separated clades, and Trichinella spiralis in worm clades are more related taxa to members of ticks and mites groups. Furthermore, overall mean distances over sequence pairs reflects TPM conservation during speciation. TPM has high homology in different species and has two domain of ?-helix that cannot form disulfide bonds. Finally, allergenicity analysis by separated and hybrid approach showed it undoubted is allergen and candidates some peptides as responsible for allergenicity of TPM. The comprehensive analysis of TPM has never been easy, especially when we attempt to make statements from different aspects about this protein. Our study revealed the some unique and valuable aspects of TPM protein of Boophilus genus, and will help to further studies on mentioned protein