ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#The national registry for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was designed to study epidemiology and prescribing pattern of treatment of IBD in India. @*Methods@#A multicenter, cross-sectional, prospective registry was established across four geographical zones of India. Adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD) were enrolled between January 2014 and December 2015. Information related to demographics; disease features; complications; and treatment history were collected and analyzed. @*Results@#A total of 3,863 patients (mean age, 36.7 ± 13.6 years; 3,232 UC [83.7%] and 631 CD [16.3%]) were enrolled. The majority of patients with UC (n = 1,870, 57.9%) were from north, CD was more common in south (n = 348, 55.5%). The UC:CD ratio was 5.1:1. There was a male predominance (male:female = 1.6:1). The commonest presentation of UC was moderately severe (n = 1,939, 60%) and E2 disease (n = 1,895, 58.6%). Patients with CD most commonly presented with ileocolonic (n = 229, 36.3%) inflammatory (n = 504, 79.9%) disease. Extraintestinal manifestations were recorded among 13% and 20% of patients in UC and CD respectively. Less than 1% patients from both cohorts developed colon cancer (n = 26, 0.7%). The commonly used drugs were 5-aminosalicylates (99%) in both UC and CD followed by azathioprine (34.4%). Biologics were used in only 1.5% of patients; more commonly for UC in north and CD in south. @*Conclusions@#The national IBD registry brings out diversities in the 4 geographical zones of India. This will help in aiding research on IBD and improving quality of patient care.
ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#The national registry for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was designed to study epidemiology and prescribing pattern of treatment of IBD in India. @*Methods@#A multicenter, cross-sectional, prospective registry was established across four geographical zones of India. Adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD) were enrolled between January 2014 and December 2015. Information related to demographics; disease features; complications; and treatment history were collected and analyzed. @*Results@#A total of 3,863 patients (mean age, 36.7 ± 13.6 years; 3,232 UC [83.7%] and 631 CD [16.3%]) were enrolled. The majority of patients with UC (n = 1,870, 57.9%) were from north, CD was more common in south (n = 348, 55.5%). The UC:CD ratio was 5.1:1. There was a male predominance (male:female = 1.6:1). The commonest presentation of UC was moderately severe (n = 1,939, 60%) and E2 disease (n = 1,895, 58.6%). Patients with CD most commonly presented with ileocolonic (n = 229, 36.3%) inflammatory (n = 504, 79.9%) disease. Extraintestinal manifestations were recorded among 13% and 20% of patients in UC and CD respectively. Less than 1% patients from both cohorts developed colon cancer (n = 26, 0.7%). The commonly used drugs were 5-aminosalicylates (99%) in both UC and CD followed by azathioprine (34.4%). Biologics were used in only 1.5% of patients; more commonly for UC in north and CD in south. @*Conclusions@#The national IBD registry brings out diversities in the 4 geographical zones of India. This will help in aiding research on IBD and improving quality of patient care.
ABSTRACT
@#With the advancement of the transportation system and improvement in road conditions, the number of high-velocity accidents has also increased. Almost all of these reported cases involve individuals who had travelled in vehicles without adhering to personal protection standards and with rash driving. Injuries to the facial region can be profoundly disturbing and particularly in children. Parents find it very distressing to see their child in pain with a disfigured or injured face. It is difficult to manage such crying & sometimes uncontrollable children. The most commonlyinjuredfacialbonesareNasal,Zygomaticandthe Mandible. The incidence of facial bone fracture in children is uncommon, and we present a case report of an18-month old child with a history of road traffic accident and swelling on the right side of the face. Intraoral examination shows limited mouth opening with submucosal ecchymosis in the right buccal mucosa and based on clinical and computed tomographic scan working diagnosis of fracture in the right body of the mandible was arrived. The child was treated with the circum-mandibular wiring to stabilize the mandibular fracture under general anaesthesia. After three weeks the splint was removed. The injury healed without complications in the post-operativeperiod.
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of asthma and other respiratory diseases among children and adolescents has been on the rise in recent years and this can affect the quality of life and scholastic performance of school students. Therefore, it is essential to find out the actual prevalence of respiratory morbidity among high school students so that we can plan early interventions against this problem. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the students from classes 8 to 10, from a public school in Pathanamthitta district of Kerala state, using a modified American Thoracic Society Questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78-A) to assess respiratory symptoms among general population. Results: The prevalence of cough was 40.8% (95% CI 34.8% to 46.9%) and that of wheeze was found to be 19.6% (95% CI 15.1% to 24.9%). Among the possible risk factors for developing respiratory diseases, it was found that only family history of respiratory problems had a significant association with symptoms of respiratory disease (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The very high prevalence of respiratory symptoms in the study may be due to the fact that the study was conducted during the rainy season in which there is a higher incidence of respiratory infections. But these findings point towards the need to conduct more comprehensive and objective studies on the subject.
ABSTRACT
Background: An extensive primary health care system exists in India, yet it is inadequate in terms of coverage of the population, especially in rural areas, and gross underutilization. Assessment of the utilization of public health services is important for the health of a nation. Aims & Objective: To assess the utilization of public health services in a rural area and an urban slum in Maharashtra, India Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study among 800 families, 400 each from a rural area and an urban slum in Karad, Maharashtra. Data was collected from the head of the families using a pretested questionnaire. Chi square test was applied to find any significant difference between the two areas in health seeking behaviour. Results: The utilization of public health services was very low in both the study areas and the main reason for non-utilization in rural area was because the centre took money for the services when it was supposed to be free and in the case of urban slum the centre was far away. Conclusion: The utilization of public health services is poor in both areas. It is important to revitalize the health system, encourage the utilization and provide better facilities for the health staff for effective delivery of service.