ABSTRACT
Looking to reduce the cost and maximize tomato productivity, this study aimed to evaluate fertilizer doses and conduction systems. For this, a field experiment was carried out in randomized blocks, in a simple factorial scheme, which consists in four fertilizer doses, (50, 100, 150 and 200% dose), and four conduction systems (with one or two plants per pit, and one or two stems per plant). Plants were spaced 0.44m and 1.5m between lines. Each plot consisted of 10 plants. The evaluated characteristics were fruit mass, number of fruits, total production per plant and pit, longitudinal and transversal dimension of the fruit. Under the experiment conditions, interactions were observed between fertilization and conduction only for the transversal and longitudinal diameter. The C4 conduction system showed superior results for the estimated yield when compared to the treatments containing only one plant per pit (C1 and C2). For the fertilizer doses, the observed yield was 142.68 t ha -1, in the 150% dose, and 114.84 t ha -1 for the 50% dose. The highest production per pit was obtained in the 150% fertilizer dose and the C4 conduction, but this treatment showed a lower average fruit mass. The treatment with two plants per pit and two stems provided lower fruit average mass than the treatments containing a single plant. The fertilization influenced only in the longitudinal diameter, and the largest diameter was observed in the recommended fertilization dose. Aiming at cost/efficiency relation, the 100% dose and the C3 were considered the best treatments.
Subject(s)
Solanum lycopersicum , Fertilizers , Crop ProductionABSTRACT
Conduziu-se este experimento, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da incorporação ao solo de fósforo (P) e de cama-de-frango (CF) sobre o crescimento e a produção da bardana. Estudaram-se cinco doses de P (4,3; 25,8; 43,0; 60,2 e 81,7 kg ha-1) e cinco doses de CF (1; 6; 10; 14 e 19 t ha-1) perfazendo nove tratamentos, definidos por meio da matriz experimental PLAN PUEBLA III, dispostos no delineamento experimental blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. A altura máxima (129,87 cm) foi alcançada aos 113 dias após o transplante, com o tratamento de 60,2 e 14 t ha-1 de P e CF, respectivamente. As maiores produções de massa fresca das folhas foram de 22,87 Mg ha-1, quando se utilizou 81,7 kg ha-1 de P e de 18,38 Mg ha-1 com a dose de 19 t ha-1 de CF. As maiores produções de massa seca das folhas ocorreram sob as maiores doses de CF. As maiores produções de massas frescas de raízes foram de 2,44 Mg ha-1 e 2,00 Mg ha-1, alcançadas com os tratamentos 81,7 kg ha-1 de P e 1 t ha-1 de CF e 4,3 kg ha-1 de P e 19 t ha-1 de CF, respectivamente. A maior produção de massa seca de raiz foi 0,33 Mg ha-1 obtida com o uso das maiores doses de fósforo e doses intermediárias de CF.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating phosphorus (P) and chicken manure (CM) to the soil on the growth and yield of burdock. Five doses of phosphorus (4.3, 25.8, 43.0, 60.2, and 81.7 kg ha-1) in triple super phosphate (TSP) form and five doses of semi-decomposed chicken manure (1, 6, 10, 14, and 19 t ha-1) were studied. Nine treatments were defined using Plan Puebla III experimental matrix. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block experimental design with four replications. Maximum height of burdock (129.87 cm) was reached on the 113th day after transplant (DAT) with 60.2 and 14 t ha-1 of phosphorus and chicken manure treatments, respectively. The greatest yields of leaf fresh matter were 22.87 Mg ha-1 when 81.7 kg ha-1 P was used and 18.38 Mg ha-1 with dose of 19 t ha-1 CM. The highest yields of leaf dry matter were related to the highest doses of chicken manure. The greatest yields of root fresh matter were 2.44 Mg ha-1 and 2.00 Mg ha-1, which were reached with treatments of 81.7 kg ha-1 P and 1 t ha-1 CM and 4.3 kg ha-1 P and 19 t ha-1 CM, respectively. The highest yield of root dry matter was 0.33 Mg ha-1 obtained with the greatest doses of P and intermediary doses of CM.
ABSTRACT
O maracujazeiro é atacado por diversos patógenos, entre eles o fungo Septoria passiflorae, causador da septoriose. Objetivando-se analisar a reação de genótipos de maracujá azedo a septoriose, foi conduzido um experimento com mudas, em casa de vegetação, na Estação Biológica da Universidade de Brasília, em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e 6 plantas por parcela, testando-se 48 genótipos. A inoculação do patógeno foi feita por aspersão na planta com, suspensão contendo concentração de 5,0 x 106 esporos/ml, produzidos em meio de cultura. Foram feitas duas avaliações, com intervalos de 25 dias. As plantas foram avaliadas de acordo com a escala de notas de 1 a 4, sendo 1 para Plantas sem sintomas; 2 ? Lesões esparsas nas folhas; 3 ? Lesões coalescendo tomando mais de 25 % do limbo foliar; 4 ? Planta com desfolha. Houve diferenças significativas entre os genótipos para todos os parâmetros avaliados. Destacaramse os genótipos MAR 20-09, MAR 20-53 e MAR 20-60, como mais resistentes a septoriose em condições de cultivo protegido, enquanto os genótipos MAR 20-43, MAR 20-39 e MAR 20-01 foram os mais suscetíveis. (AU)
Passionfruit is affected by many diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. One of them is Septoria passiflorae, causing septoriosis. In order to evaluate the reaction of Passionfruit genotypes to septoriosis, an essay was carried out in greenhouse conditions in the experimental station of Universidade de Brasília. It was designed by randomized blocks with four replications and six plants per plot. A number of 48 genotypes were tested. The inoculation was done by spraying a suspension of conidia at 5,0 x106 spores/ml. Six evaluations were done, at 7 days intervals. The scores were done using a lesion scale graded from 1 to 4, 1- no visual disease, 2-spread lesions on the leaves, 3- coalescent lesions with more than 25% of leaf surface, 4-falling leaves. The plants had small significant differences between the averages of grades, so there was little reduction of grades from first to second evaluation time (50 days), probably by theincrease of leaf area. The genotypes MAR 20-09, MAR 20-53 and MAR 20-60, were considered resistant to septoriosis at greenhouse conditions, and the MAR 20-43, MAR 20-39 e MAR 20-01 were more susceptible. (AU)