Thyroid carcinoma in thyrotoxic patients treated surgery

The incidence of thyroid carcinomas in a series of 78 patients seen for thyrotoxicosis of any etiology was reported in this study. Surgical treatment for thyrotoxicosis was selected as the treatment of choice in 78 patients [25 with toxic diffuse goiter, 48 with toxic nodular goiter and 5 patients with toxic adenoma]. Thyroid cancer was found in six patients for a total incidence of 7.69% [one patient had toxic diffuse goiter with a percentage of incidence of 4% which was follicular carcinoma and 4 patients had toxic nodular goiter with a percentage of incidence of 8.3% and all had papillary carcinoma]. When a nodule was present in a toxic diffuse goiter, the possibility to face with malignant lesion reached 16.66% of the cases [one out of 6 cases]

Role of pectoral fascia removal in modified radical mastectomy

Pectoral fascia may act as a protective layer against harmful effects of radiotherapy [fibrosis]. Moreover, dissection of pectoral fascia from its muscle may contribute to much seroma formation. So, this study comes to evaluate the relation between pathological parameters of primary tumour and pectoral fascia1 invasion. Fifty patients submitted to this study where the primary tumour, axillary lymph nodes and pectoral fascia were histopathologically studied. The results showed presence of a good relation between the distance of the primary tumour and pectoral fascia invasion. There was also a good relation between pectoral fascia invasion and axillary lymph nodes infiltration. So, it was advised to remove pectoral fascia when the distance between it and primary tumour is less than 1 cm. Also, it should be removed when there is an axillary lymph node invasion irrespective of their numbers. Otherwise, preservation of pectoral fascia is advised