Awareness and acceptance of contraceptives among the mothers of infants attending an immunization session at a field practices area of a tertiary care hospital

Background: India was the first country in the world to have launched a National Programme for Family Planning.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the in Vaccination unit of rural field practice area of Shri Ram Murti Smarak institute of Medical Sciences (SRMSIMS) Bareilly (U.P). Objective of the study was to assess knowledge and practice of postpartum contraception and factors affecting the usage of contraceptives in Rural area. All females who delivered within last one year were included in the study. A pre-structured questionnaire was used. A total of 98 females were included. The appropriate statistical analysis was done to present the results.Results: 28.57% females had adopted one or the other postpartum contraceptive measure. Condom was the most common method used. Usage of postpartum contraception was significantly associated with women’s and husband’s education, type of delivery and availing of antenatal and postnatal visits.Conclusions: Overall usage of postpartum contraception was low there is need to focus at every step to contact of these women with health facility or health workers

Management of an Anophthalmic Patient by the Fabrication of Custom Made Ocular Prosthesis

The loss or disfigurement of a body parts specially that pertaining to the face has a deep psychological and social impact on the patient. After enucleation, evisceration or exteneration of the eye, the aim of an ocular prosthesis should be to restore the natural appearance, install confidence and a sense social acceptability in the patient. Custom made prosthesis has several advantages over the stock eye prosthesis. This article illustrates rehabilitation of the enucleated right eye of a patient with a custom made ocular prosthesis.

comparative evaluation of the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine and clonidine on intraocular pressure after suxamethonium and intubation

In patients with penetrating eye injury and a full stomach, suxamethonium is still used for rapid sequence induction of anesthesia. But its use is associated with the rise in intraocular pressure [IOP] and this can result in permanent vision loss in these patients. Dexmedetomidine and clonidine are two alpha-2 adrenergic agonist drugs which prevent the rise in IOP. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous [i.v.] dexmedetomidine and clonidine in preventing an increase in IOP after administration of suxamethonium and tracheal intubation. Sixty patients undergoing elective nonophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia were included in this clinical study. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups to receive 0.5 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine [Group D], 2 mcg/kg clonidine [Group C] or normal saline [Group S] as premedication i.v. over a period of 10 min before induction. IOP, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure were recorded before and after premedication, after suxamethonium, after intubation and then after 5 min. Following administration of dexmedetomidine and clonidine IOP decreased in both groups. After suxamethonium IOP increased in all three groups but it never crossed the baseline in Group D and C. After laryngoscopy and intubation IOP again increased in all three groups but in dexmedetomidine group it never crossed the baseline whereas in clonidine group it was significantly higher than the baseline. Single i.v. dose of dexmedetomidine premedication [0.5 mcg/kg] blunt the IOP and hemodynamic response to suxamethonium injection and tracheal intubation more effectively than single i.v. dose of clonidine premedication [2 mcg/kg]