ABSTRACT
Tinnitus is defined as a perception of sound without an external acoustic stimulus. Due to large number of causes and limited knowledge of its pathophysiology, tinnitus still remains an obscure symptom. This was a cross-sectional study on 120 patients with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss who were randomly divided into two groups; one group received low-level laser and the second group used the same instrument but off, for 20 sessions of 20 minutes. A tinnitus handicap inventory [THI] and Visual Analog Scale [VAS] were used to evaluate the severity of patients' symptoms. Severity and frequency of tinnitus were also determined using Audiometric tests. The average age of the 120 patients in the two groups of study were not statistically significantly different. The mean difference of severity of tinnitus between the two groups was statistically significant at the end of the study and 3 month after completion of treatment. The VAS and THI mean differences after the treatment were statistically significant between the two groups but not statistically significant after 3 months of completion the study. Low level laser radiation is effective for short-term treatment of Tinnitus caused by sensorineural hearing loss and its impact may be reduced over the time
ABSTRACT
Permanent congenital hearing loss, a common congenital anomaly, may affect speech and language acquisition, academic achievement and social development. Current standards emphasize early recognition of congenital hearing loss. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of hearing impairment in term newborns in Yazd, Iran. This was a descriptive-analytic study conducted in Yazd on 7250 term newborns. Otoacoustic emissions [OAEs] test was performed in all newborns during the first 24 hours after birth. Those who failed to respond at the first step were retested 15 days later. Those who failed to respond at the second step too, were tested by acoustic brainstem responses [ABR] test. Chi square test was used for data analysis. From 7250 newborns in the first step 598 [8.2%] and 682 [9.4%] ears [right and left, respectively] failed. In the second step 51 [0.7%] and 58 [0.8%] ears [right and left, respectively] failed. Consanguinity and route of delivery had significant effect on the frequency of hearing loss. The overall frequency of congenital hearing loss in this study was found high
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Prevalence , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain StemABSTRACT
Burns are injuries which may require long hospitalization and may result in important impairment and disability. Burn injuries are still common especially in developing countries. Assessment of the epidemiology of burns is very important for introduction of preventive methods. This study was conducted in Yazd to assess and describe the epidemiology of burns including its main causes, and its demographics. In a prospective study during a 1 year period, we assessed the epidemiology of burns in Shahid Sadoughi Burns hospital in Yazd. During this period, 1947 injured patients referred to this hospital. Data were gathered using a questionnaire about demographics and the properties of the burn injury. Burns were more frequent among men than women. A significant number of patients were children. 8.8% of patients needed hospitalization. Thermal burns were much more common than other types. Scalds were the most common cause of burn, and hands were the body region most commonly affected. Mean total body surface area burned [TBSA] was 6.16% [ +/- 9.93]. This study showed a high incidence of burn injuries at home and in the workplace. The burns were mostly preventive and many of them can be prevented by education