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Objective To study the relative effects of environment and genes on the soft tissue surface plane during the mixed dentitions, and to provide theoretical evidence to establish the correct teeth treatment plan. Methods The lateral cephalograms of one hundred and eighty-three female twins from six to twelve years old were studied. The environmental and genetic effects were analyzed on soft tissue profile by twin method. Results The influence of environmental factors was detected by measurement items of subnasale (F3), upper lip concave point(F4),upper lip sudden point (F5), upper stomion(F6), lower stomion(F7), lower lip sudden point(F8), lower lip concave point(F9), menton of soft tissue(F10)(P<0. 05). Among them,lower stomion(F7)and lower lip sudden point(F8)were more affected by environmental impact, the influence of environmental and genetic factors was detected by measurement items of subnasale(F3),upper lip concave point(F4),and lower lip concave point(F9). Conclusion The lower lip is more be influenced by environmental factors, whereas the subnasale, upper lip concave point,and lower lip concave point are mainly by both the environmental and genetic factors.
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Objective To study the fundus diseases that primary and middle school students may be susceptible to suffer, and to understand the prevalence rate and constituent ratio of these diseases. Methods A total of 9 504 students were examined from November 2015 to February 2017 to find out their ocular fundus conditions. They were from all the primary and secondary schools directly subordinate to Dagang Oilfield headquarters. Among the 9 504 participants 4 998 were male and 4 506 were female,with the age span of 5 to 23 and the average age of(13.40±3.41).Our medical examination included uncorrected visual acuity examination and fundus oculi photography. The distribution of fundus diseases was analyzed,including gender,vision acuity and age composition of patients with major diseases. Results Among the 9 504 students,4 314 had emmetropic eyes,and 5 190 had refractive errors.A total of 9 126 out of the 9 504 examined students had normal ocular fundus(96.02%),while those with abnormal ocular fundus accounted for 378(3.98%).The main types of abnormal ocular fundus included the tessellation fundus 354 (3.72%), followed by the large depression of optic disk 16 (0.17%). Among all the 354 cases with tessellation fundus, 179 were male and 175 were female. There were 257 students whose visual acuity≤0.3/0.3,and the prevalence was higher in 17-19 years old students(5.86%).Conclusion It has been revealed in this epidemiological survey that the main abnormal ocular fundus of primary and middle school students in Dagang is tessellation fundus.Most of the tessellation fundus are caused by middle and high myopia,and very few are found in emmetropic students. It has also been found that the incidence of tessellation fundus increases significantly with the increase of age. The large depression of optic disk ranks the second in the abnormal ocular fundus, which is mostly physiological.
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Ribociclib is an oral small molecule cyclindependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor,which inhibits tumor progression by inhibiting the conversion of tumor cells from G1 phase to S phase.The combination ofribociclib and letrozole was approved in the United States on March 13,2017 as a treatment for HR+/HER2-advanced and metastatic breast cancer patients.Clinical results showed that the drug on advanced and metastatic tumors had a significant inhibitory effect and could extend the survival of patients without deterioration compared with using letrozole alone.The incidence of adverse drug reactions is higher,but the tolerance is better.This article focuses on pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetic,clinical results and adverse effects of this drug.
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?AIM:To establish a suitable normative reference value for electroretinogram ( ERG ) testing using electroencephalogram ( EEG) skin electrodes.?METHODS: The ERG was recorded in 51 eyes ( 30 people ) who were normal after ophthalmologic examination in our department from March to September 2015 using skin electrodes and contact lens electrodes. The recorded result was reviewed and analyzed, and all the testings were recorded by the routine program.?RESULTS: The 95% confidential interval, mean or median of values was defined in amplitudes and latencies of various responses. All the amplitudes results of skin electrodes were significantly lower than those of the contact lens electrodes and the ratio ( amplitudes of skin electrodes to those of the contact lens electrodes ) was 20% to 30%. The latencies results of skin electrodes were significantly shorter than those of contact lens electrodes and the ratio was 95% to 96%.?CONCLUSION:The EEG skin electrode used for patients with low compliance may provide valuable information of retinal function.
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AIM: To explore and analyze the image features, diagnosis and treatment of the central serous chorioretinopathy ( CSCR) fundus. METHODS:From May 2008 to May 2014, 97 cases of 121 eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy were treated in in our hospital. The imaging features were compared and analyzed through different methods. RESULTS:Sixty-one cases (61 eyes) were ≤45 years, including 13 case with disease in both eyes, single stove leak accounted for 48. 6%, multifocal leakage (25. 7%), atypical leakage accounted for 25. 7%. Thirty-six cases (47 eyes) were >45 years, 11 cases with disease in both eyes, single focal leakage ( 8. 5%), multifocal leakage (48. 9%), atypical leakage accounted for 42. 6%. FFA results showed acute hairstyle at the beginning of 89 eyes, chronic deferment type 32 eyes. OCT examination showed that the main features were neuroepithelial detachment, as well as the change of the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) layer, which was divided into RPE layer detachment 93 eyes, accounting for 76. 9%, rough and RPE little ridges in 28 cases, accounting for 23. 1%. The average thickness of macular center concave on the cortex of microns was 137. 87 ± 19. 21μm, and there was no significant difference conpared with normal ( 137. 32 ±4.98μm) microns (t=0. 30, P>0. 05). The closer leakage area to macular fovea, the worse of eyesight. . CONCLUSION: Different imaging examination on central serous chorioretinopathy can show different features. For clinical diagnosis and treatment it had different and complementary roles, but were given significant help for diseases treatment.