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BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nails and locking plates are widely used for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Which is better for two types of implants in patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical outcome of intramedul ary nails versus locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture according to Cochrane Meta analysis. METHODS:We searched PubMed, SCI, Embase, the Cochranel Library and CBMdisc, VIP information, Wanfang Database, and CNKI for randomized control ed trials and quasi-randomized control ed trials on intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative complications (heterotopic ossification, pain, screw penetration, necrosis of humeral head), and Constant Score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Six articles of clinical control ed trials were included with 259 patients. 131 patients received intramedul ary nails, and 128 patients received locking plates. Meta-analysis displayed that no significant difference in fracture healing time, heterotopic ossification, pain, necrosis of humeral head and Constant Score was detected between intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and screw penetration were significantly less in the fixation with intramedul ary nails than that in locking plates (P<0.05). These findings suggested that compared with locking plates, intramedul ary nails method for two-part proximal humerus fractures could reduce screw penetration.
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Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) was one of the most difficult infertile diseases which was usually defined as consecutive still birth for more than three times during the first 20 weeks of gestation. Various factors and pathogeneses were thought to play a role in RSA. Recent studies had indicated that the disorders of blood vessel growth and the secondary abnormal blood perfusion may contribute to the occurrence of RSA. However, blood vessel growth was linked with the regulation of angiogenesis related factors. To provide references for the clinical prevention and treatment, the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the association between solubility vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1(sflt-1), thrombospondin 1(TSP-1) and ovary, endometrial abnormal blood perfusion in cases of RSA.
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Objective To investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist liraglutide on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes death under high glucose condition and the potential mechanisms.Methods H9C2 cardiomyocytes were divided into 4 groups:normal glucose (N,5 mmol/L),high glucose (G,20 mmol/L),high glucose in combination with liraglutide (L,100 nmol/L),high glucose in combination with liraglutide and wortmannin (W,25 nmol/L).The apoptosis of H9C2 was detected by TUNEL assay.Nitric oxide synthetase(eNOS),nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen(ROS) in supernatants were measured by enzymatic analysis,p-PI3K,PI3K,p-Akt,Akt,Bcl-2,caspase-3 were examined by western blotting.Results Compared with cells in N group,the apoptosis of H9C2 cells induced by H/R was markedly increased [(15.79 ± 3.92) ％ vs (9.74 ± 1.14) ％,P =0.028] in G group.The same was true for ROS [(489.63 ±21.01) U/ml vs (338.50 ±43.60) U/ml,P ＜0.001] and caspase-3 levels (1.87 ±0.03 vs 1.15 ±0.04,P ＜0.001),but not for Bcl-2 protein expression (1.79 ± 0.06 vs 1.89 ±0.03,P =0.047).Pretreatment of cells with liraglutide (100 nmol/L) prevented the cell death induced by high glucose and H/R together with decrease of ROS and caspase-3 levels and increase of Bcl-1 expression.Moreover,treatment of cells with liraglutide also significantly increased phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt (p-PI3K/PI3K:0.87 ± 0.07 vs 0.59 ± 0.09,P =0.002;p-Akt/Akt:0.34 ± 0.01 vs 0.08 ± 0.01,P＜0.001),eNOS[(41.29 ±0.56) μmpl/L vs (37.20 ±0.52)μxmpl/L,P ＜0.001]and NO [(31.24 ±0.40) μmpl/L vs (26.66 ±0.53) μmpl/L,P ＜0.001] levels.Furthermore,addition of PI3K/Akt inhibitor wortmanin markedly inhibited the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Akt,reversed the changes of eNOS,NO,caspase-3 and Bcl-2 by liraglutide,and abolished the protective effect of liraglutide on cell apoptosis.Conclusions GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide treatment could alleviate cardiomyoeytes apoptosis induced by high glucose and H/R through the activation of PI3K-Akt-eNOS-NO signaling pathway and inhibition of oxidative stress.
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Objective:Observed activity of adjuvant arthritis ( AA) rats Hedgehog signaling pathway and explore the effect of Cyclopamine on rat arthritis and kidney injury.Methods:40 rats were randomly divided into control group,Cyclopamine group,AA+Cyclopamine group and AA model group.We used Freund′s complete adjuvant rat model with Cyclopamine intraperitoneal injection.By measuring paw swelling, systemic inflammation and arthritis semi-quantitative assessment methods of rats to evaluate the model.HE staining was used to detect the renal pathological changes of rats.Western blot was used to detect kidney Gli1 protein expression levels of the rats.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the rat kidney TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6 expression.Results:After using Cyclo-pamine,the AA rat paw swelling reduced and arthritis refers relieved significantly.Compared with the control group,Cr,BUN and organ coefficient increased significantly in AA model group, and the difference was statistically significant.Meanwhile renal TEM detection appeared obvious pathological changes in rats of AA model group.After using cyclopamine,the content of Cr,BUN and organ coefficient change reduced significantly, so did the pathological.Western blot detected kidney tissue Gli1 protein in each group.Compared to control group,there was no significant difference in Cyclopamine group.AA model group and AA+Cyclopamine group Gli1 protein expression was significantly higher compared with Cyclopamine Gli1 protein group,the difference was statistically significant.AA model group and AA Cyclopamine group Gli1 protein expression was significantly higher,the difference was statistically significant.Compared to the AA model group,AA+Cyclopamine group Gli1 protein levels have decreased significantly,the difference was statistically signifi-cant.Immunohistochemical assay detection found that kidney tissue proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6 expression and semi-quantitative score changed.Compared with the control group, TNF-α, IFN-γexpression of AA model group were significantly increased.After using Cyclopamine,the expression of TNF-α,IFN-γin kidney of AA model reduced significantly.IL-6 expression in AA model group was significantly higher than the control group.Conclusion:Cyclopamine AA can relieve arthritis and kidney injury in rats with arthritis AA,the Hh pathway was on activity state in the process,may altered expression of inflammatory factors.
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BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nail and traditional steel plate fixation have been widely used in the treatment of distal tibial (extra-articular) fractures, but these two kinds of methods have shortcomings. Some control studies attempt to answer the advantages and disadvantages of the issue on the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures with intramedul ary nail and steel plate fixation, but the conclusions are different. OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficiency and safety of intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures by Meta analysis. METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc, Weipu information database and Wanfang were searched by computer, and relevant Chinese and English orthopedic journals were hand-searched. Control ed trials related to intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fracture were included. The quality of trials was critical y assessed. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four articles were included. Meta analysis showed that compared with the plate fixation, the malunion rate of the intramedul ary nail for extra-articular distal tibial fractures increased. There was no statistical difference in the rate of nonunion rate, delayed fracture healing, and infection rate after operation. These indicate that intramedul ary nail and plate fixation both have good effects on fracture healing.
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Objective To investigate clinical value of anti-adhesion agent:chitosan in preventing adhesions followed by laparotomy surgery in obstetrics and gynecology.MethodsFrom Jan.2006 to Dec.2009,770 patients underwent laparotomy surgery at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.One hundred and twenty-five patients underwent secondary surgery due to disease recurrence or cesarean section,the previous surgery were 18 cases with myomectomy,20 cases with endometriosis surgery,5 cases with resection of pelvic abscess,20 cases with ectopic pregnancy surgery,27 cases with benign adnexal neoplasm resection,9 cases with cyto-reductive surgery in ovarian cancer,26 cases with variable infertility surgery.Those 125 patients were managed by different agents washing before abdomen closure,which were assigned into two groups,including 59 cases washed by saline in control group and 66 cases washed by chitosan in study group.The abdomen adhesion in secondary surgery was evaluated by adhesion classification system.Results In study group,37 patients without adhesions,20 patients with degree Ⅰ adhesion,6 patients with degree Ⅱ adhesion,3 patients with degree Ⅲ adhesion,and no patients with degree Ⅳ adhesion were observed.While in control group,there were 11 patients without adhesions,23 patients with degree Ⅱ adhesion,14 patients with degree Ⅱ adhesion,8 patients with degree Ⅲ adhesion,and 3 patients with degree Ⅳ adhesion.The distribution of adhesion reached statistical significance between the two groups (x2 =20.9999,P =0.0003 ).Twenty-six patients in previous surgeries due to infertility included 17 cases in control group and 9 cases in study group.They all were managed by cesarean section in secondary surgery,it was found that 15 cases without adhesion and 2 cases with degree Ⅰ adhesion were in study group and 2 cases without adhesion and 7 cases with degree Ⅰ adhesion were in control group.It reached statistical difference ( P =0.0016 ).ConclusionAnti-adhesion agent could prevent adhesion followed by surgery in obstetrics and gynecology effectively.
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Objective To explore the sexual life quality of females at the reproductive ages after cervix cancer operation and supply evidence for establishment of correspondindg nursing measure. Methods We investigated the frequency of sexual life and satisfaction degree of sexual life in 40 females at the reproductive ages after cervix cancer operation by face-to-face investigations using questionnaires before and 4 months after operations. Then the difference of sexual life quality before and after operation were compared and analyzed. Results The frequency of sexual life (P＜0.01,P＜0.05) and satisfaction degree of sexual life (P＜0.01,P＜0.05) were evidently decreased. The sexual life quality was lower than that before operation. Conclusion The sexual life quality could be affected by many factors such as economic conditions, culture background, sexual conceptions and the attitude of their partners.
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Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of endostatin on ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and to investigate the possible mechanism of the inhibition.Methods The effect of endostatin on SKOV3 cell proliferation was studied by means of MTT.The cell apoptosis was detected by transmission electronic microscopy.BCL-2 and BAX expressions were measured in SKOV3 cells treated by endostatin by immunocytochemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Endostatin inhibited SKOV3 cell proliferation(P
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Background and purpose:Ovarian cancer is one of three common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system,whose mortality is the highest in all of the gynecological cancers.The genetic instability and hypermutation rate of tumor cells were found to be associated with chemotherapeutic resistance,and accounted for the high recurrence rate and the failure of current treatment.Invasion and metastasis of tumor are closely related to angiogenesis.Experiments in vivo and in vitro have confirmed that there are many kinds of promoter and suppressor of angiogenesis in primary malignant tumor cells.Angiogenesis could be a potential molecular target for cancer treatment.Endostatin is a specific inhibitor of vessel endothelium.Animal experiments have confirmed that Endostatin could inhibit tumor growth through anti-angiogenesis and result in the decrease of invasion and metastasis of cancer,and it would not easily induced drug resistance in the cells.Thus Endostatin could be safely used for a variety of cancer treatments,being able treat any patho-angiogensis.Recently it has been reported that Endostatin may significantly enhance anti-tumor effects when it is combined with traditional treatment methods such as surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and immunotherapy.Although the study of Endostatin was done in vitro,the primary results were very encouraging and provide the rationale for future clinical trials.In this study,we aim to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Endostatin on SKOV_(3) cell and to investigate the possible mechanism of the inhibition.Methods:1.The effects of Endostatin on SKOV_(3) cells proliferation was studied by means!of MTT.2.The cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by transmission electron microscope and cell flow cytometry.3.bcl-2 and bax expression were determined in SKOV_(3) cell by immunocytochemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.Results:Endostatin inhibited SKOV_(3) cell proliferation,and the value of A_(490) of 15?g/ml 72 h Endostation group(0.454) was much lower than that of PBS control group(1.369)(P
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Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the loss of the gene deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) gene expression in ovarian carcinoma and the transformation, progression of the tumor and its clinicopathological factors. Methods DCC gene mRNA expression were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 34 malignant, 10 benign and 10 normal ovarian samples. To clarify the expression of DCC gene by the DNA cloning and the DNA sequencing analysis in normal ovarian sample. Results The expression of DCC gene was lost in no normal ovarian tissues, in 2 (2/10) benign lesions, while the loss of DCC gene expression was found in 19(19/34,56%) carcinomas ( P