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Rev. chil. infectol ; 40(6): 589-598, dic. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530002

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las bacteriemias por Enterobacterales productores de carbapenemasa KPC (EPC-KPC) presentan una mortalidad elevada y opciones terapéuticas limitadas. OBJETIVOS: Describir y comparar la evolución de los pacientes con bacteriemia por EPC-KPC tratados con ceftazidima/avibactam (CA) frente a otros antimicrobianos (OA). PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo y retrospectivo de casos y controles. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos con bacteriemia por EPC-KPC, con una proporción entre casos tratados con CA y controles tratados con OA. de 1:2. Se analizaron variables clínicas, epidemiológicas y de evolución. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 48 pacientes (16 CA y 32 OA). Los casos se encontraban más frecuentemente neutropénicos (50 vs.16%, p = 0,012); asimismo, presentaron medianas de score de APACHE II más altas y de score de Pitt más bajas. El 65% de la cohorte total presentó un foco clínico y Klebsiellapneumoniae fue el microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado. Los casos recibieron una mayor proporción de tratamiento antimicrobiano empírico adecuado (81 vs. 53%, p = 0,05). La antibioterapia dirigida en casos y controles fue combinada en 38 y 91%, p = 0,009. Los casos presentaron menor mortalidad al día 7 y al día 30 relacionada a infección (0 vs. 22%, p = 0,04 y 0 vs. 34%, p = 0,008). Solo los controles desarrollaron shock, ingresaron a la unidad de cuidados intensivos y presentaron bacteriemia de brecha. CONCLUSIÓN: CA mostró beneficio clínico frente a OA para el tratamiento de pacientes con bacteriemia por EPC-KPC.


BACKGROUND: KPC-producing Enterobacterales bacteremia (KPCCPE) is associated with a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options. AIM: To describe and compare the outcome of patients with KPC-CPE bacteremia treated with ceftazidime/avibactam (CA) versus other antibiotics (OA). METHODS: Prospective and retrospective cases and control study performed in adult patients with KPC-CPE bacteremia, with a 1:2 ratio between cases treated with CA. and controls treated with OA. Clinical, epidemiological, and outcome variables were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients (16 CA and 32 OA) were included. Cases were more frequently neutropenic (50 vs. 16%, p = 0.012), presented higher median APACHE II score and lower Pitt score. Of the total cohort, 65% had a clinical source, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated microorganism. Cases received more adequate empirical antibiotic treatment (81 vs. 53%, p = 0.05). Targeted antibiotic therapy in cases and controls was combined in 38 and 91%, p = 0.009. Cases had a lower 7-day mortality and 30-day infection-related mortality (0 vs. 22%, p = 0.04 and 0 vs. 34%, p = 0.008). Only controls developed shock, were admitted to the intensive care unit, and had breakthrough bacteremia. CONCLUSION: CA. showed clinical benefit over OA in the treatment of patients with EPC-KPC bacteremia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Ceftazidime/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/drug therapy , Azabicyclo Compounds/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacterial Proteins , beta-Lactamases , Case-Control Studies , Ceftazidime/administration & dosage , Clinical Evolution , Prospective Studies , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteremia/mortality , Drug Combinations , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Enterobacteriaceae/drug effects , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/mortality , Azabicyclo Compounds/administration & dosage , beta-Lactamase Inhibitors , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage
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