ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Scarabeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) present more than 2000 species recorded from all over Brazil. They have been scarcely recorded from caves, and truly troglobitic species are yet to be found in the country. In this study, we carried out a review of all existing scarab beetles deposited until 2017 in the Coleção de Invertebrados Subterrâneos de Lavras (ISLA), at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) (Minas Gerais, Brazil), one of the most important collections of subterranean invertebrates in South America. Ninety-two individuals belonging to 52 species were recorded, distributed in six families (Cetoniidae, Hybosoridae, Melolonthidae, Passalidae, Scarabaeidae and Trogidae). Scarabaeidae was the most diverse of them, representing more than 50% of the total of species recorded. We found Scarabeoidea beetles in 51 of the ~ 1600 caves examined, distributed in nine Brazilian states: Alagoas, Bahia, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Pará, Piauí, and Tocantins. Our results provide evidence that Scarabaeoidea beetles are not frequent in Brazilian caves, and their records in this kind of environment are mostly accidental. Exceptions include Trogidae and Aphodiinae species, which may be associated with bat guano. Our study presents the first list of Scarabaeoidea species sampled in Brazilian caves.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever as guildas funcionais dos besouros rola-bostas (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) e analisar a influência da granulometria do solo na estruturação destas guildas e inferir possíveis processos geradores. Para isso, foram coletados besouros rola-bostas e amostras de solo, em áreas de floresta semidecidual, na região norte (módulos do PPbio) e sudoeste (22 reservas de fazendas) do estado de Mato Grosso. Para as coletas dos besouros foram utilizados 85 armadilhas pitfall, iscado com fezes humanas expostas por 48 horas, na região norte e 132 armadilhas na região sudoeste. As duas regiões apresentaram estrutura de guilda similar, com dominância de paracoprídeos, seguido de telecoprídeos e endocoprídeos. Padrão coerente com o padrão Neotropical, o que reforça a teoria da existência de uma estrutura determinística taxonômica e funcional para as subamostras na região. A concentração de argila apresentou efeitos distintos para ambas as regiões estudadas. Na região norte causou redução na abundância de endocoprídeos e telecoprídeos pequenos e reduziu a riqueza de paracoprídeos grandes, enquanto na região sudoeste influenciou principalmente a redução de paracoprídeos pequenos e aumento de telecoprídeos pequenos e endocoprídeos grandes. A concentração de argila no solo influenciou a estrutura das guildas funcionais apenas em nível de micro-habitat. As guildas dos paracoprídeos e telecoprídeos pequenos são as mais afetadas pela variação da granulometria. O aumento da concentração de argila levou a redução dos paracoprídeos pequenos e aumento dos telecoprídeos pequenos.
This study aimed to describe the structure functional guilds of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and analyze the effects of the concentration of clay in soil in this structure. The studies were developed in the north and southwest in the state of Mato Grosso. The dung beetles and soil samples were collected in the north (PPBio) and southwest (22 farms reserve) in Mato Grosso. The dung beetle were captured with pitfall traps baited with human feces exposed for 48 hours. In the north region were utilized 85 traps and 132 in the southwest. Both regions, the results showed similarity at guild structure, with paracoprids dominance, followed by telecoprids and endocoprids. Which demonstrates consistency with the Neotropical pattern. Which emphasizes the theory of the existence of a deterministic taxonomic and functional structure for the subsamples in this region. The concentration of clay showed different effects for both regions studied. To the north caused the reduction in the abundance of endocoprids and small telecoprids and reduced the richness of large paracoprids. In the southwest region had mainly influences on reducing of small paracoprids, the increase of small telecoprids and also the large endocoprids. In micro-habitat scale, concentration of clay in the soil showed an important structural element of the functional guilds of dung beetles. The Guilds of the small paracoprids and small telecoprids were most affected by the variation of soil granulometry.