ABSTRACT
To evaluate the knowledge of physical education professionals and athletes about dental trauma. The state of Paraiba Brazil has 3.9 million inhabitants and innumerable centers of physical activities.Material and Methods:The sample consisted of 103 physical education professionals and 101 gym-goers, randomly chosen, in the city of João Pessoa, Brazil. The participants filled out a specific questionnaire for each group (teachers and students) regarding their knowledge about dental trauma and how they would proceed in such situations. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square and FischerÆs exact tests were used at 1% significance to test for significant differences in the sample.Results:Most of the professionals did not have adequate knowledge about the concept of dental avulsion (77.7%), and only 14 of them reported having sought a dentist after an avulsion. Of the students, 10.9% reported having suffered any dental injury during physical activity, and only 4 of them reported having sought a dentist soon after the accident. Regarding the most appropriate means to transport an avulsed tooth, saline solution was most cited by both the physical education teachers (56.3%) and the students (60.4%).Conclusion:This study revealed a level of lay knowledge regarding dental trauma; the number of participants who knew the correct way to act in such situations was small. For most of the individuals surveyed, the dissemination of information on the subject through educational programs would contribute to knowledge on how to address dental trauma...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Physical Education and Training , Students/psychology , Health Promotion , Tooth Injuries/etiology , Tooth Injuries , Brazil , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIM: Conducting a systematic review of randomized clinical trials focusing on the efficacy of LLLT on pain control in patients with TMD, diagnosed by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Search was performed at PubMed/MEDLINE database with the terms: (1) "Laser AND temporomandibular disorders"; (2) "Laser AND temporomandibular disorders AND RDC/TMD"; (3) "Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular disorders"; (4) "Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular disorders AND RDC/TMD"; (5) "Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome"; (6) "Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome AND RDC/TMD"; (7) "Laser AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome" (8) "Laser AND RDC/TMD"; (9) "Low-level laser therapy AND RDC/TMD". Inclusion criteria: articles need to be randomized clinical trial performed in humans; evaluate the effect of LLLT in the treatment of TMD diagnosed by the use of RDC/TMD; published in English or Portuguese in the last 10 years. Protocol studies and pilot studies were excluded. RESULTS: Ten studies were included. The type of laser used was Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs) diode, with exception of 1 paper, which used super pulsed Gallium Arsenide laser. Eight studies reported decreased in pain levels, in two articles there was no statistically significant difference between test and placebo groups. CONCLUSION: In most studies, LLLT was effective in pain remission, but there is no standardization in parameters like wavelength, output power and frequency. Studies with more complex experimental designs, standardized diagnostic criteria for TMD and defined protocols for the use of LLLT are needed to determine its efficacy in the treatment of TMD.