ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate expressions and correlations of TLR2,TLR4,TLR7 and TLR9 in eosinophil-enriched cell populations from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR),and elucidate their roles in AR. Methods Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from healthy controls (HCs)and AR patients,and then incubated with crude extracts of Artemisia pollen,dust mite,and Platanus pollen,respectively.Levels of TLR2 , TLR4,TLR7 and TLR9 in blood eosinophil-enriched cells were detected by flow cytometry.Correlations between TLR2+,TLR4+,TLR7+and TLR9+eosinophils were analyzed by SPSS.Results Levels of TLR2+eosinophils from patients with AR were reduced by 4%,mean fluorescence intensity (MFI)of TLR4+eosinophil was elevated by 20%,and TLR7+eosinophils increased up to 4.8 folds compared with HCs when cultured with medium only (P＜0.05).Artemisia pollen extracts induced approximately 7 .8 % of increase in TLR2+eosinophils from AR patients.In addition,correlations between TLR2+and TLR4+eosinophils,TLR2+and TLR7+eosinophils,and TLR7+and TLR9+eosinophils were -0.670 (P＜0.01),-0.430 (P＜0.05)and 0.446 (P＜0.05),respectively. However,allergens had few effects on TLR2,TLR4,TLR7 and TLR9 expressions in HCs.Conclusion Eosinophil-derived TLR2 ,TLR4 and TLR7 are likely to play a key role in AR.TLR2 ,TLR4 and TLR7 might become the potential targets for AR treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the nursing care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib. Methods A total of 23 consecutive patients with advanced HCC who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. TACE was carried out in all patients. Three-five days after TACE the patients started to orally take sorafenib. During the treatment course, the patients were kept under close observation for adverse reactions and complications. After leaving the hospital the patients were followed up by the extended care team members, and health education as well as appropriate nursing intervention was carried out. Results All patients with advanced HCC took sorafenib orally after TACE. The major adverse events and complications were gastrointestinal adverse reactions (n = 22) and transient liver dysfunction (n = 23). After leaving the hospital all the patients received regular follow- up examination and extended nursing care. Conclusion Usually, the incidence of adverse reactions is higher in patients with advanced HCC after TACE combined with sorafenib treatment. Careful in-hospital observation and extended out-hospital nursing can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and thus improve the patient’s quality of life.