ABSTRACT
Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease,with high morbidity and high disability rate.Since the early symptoms of PD are not typical and often similar to those of normal aging or other diseases.It is easy to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,which seriously affects the diagnosis and treatment of this disease and aggravetes the burden on the patients' life.MicroRNAs(miRNA)are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation by binding to target messenger RNAs(mRNA).They are highly conserved,short,easy to obtain,and can stably exist in peripheral body fluids.They have been used as biomarkers for a variety of diseases.Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA play an important role in the development of PD.This paper reviews the recent research progress of miR-7/124/155,three mature miRNA in PD,aiming to provide reference for clarifying the pathogenesis and guiding the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson Disease , Neurodegenerative Diseases , MicroRNAs/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation , Biomarkers/metabolismABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Gegen Qinliantang（GGQL） on the proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells as well as on the expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP）， G protein-coupled receptor 119 （GPR119）， and glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1）， so as to explore its potential hypoglycemic mechanism. MethodTwenty-five Wistar rats were gavaged with GGQL at the dose of 23 g·kg-1 crude drug， twice a day， which meant that 6 mL was administered into each rat per day for preparing the GGQL-containing serum. After seven consecutive times of administration， the intestinal epithelial L （NCI-H716） cells were cultured with different concentrations （1%， 2.5%， 5%， 7.5%， and 10%） of GGQL. The cell proliferation was evaluated using cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） and the apoptosis by flow cytometry. The GLP-1 and cAMP contents in cell supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA and protein GLP-1 and GPR119 levels were assayed by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultCompared with the control group， GGQL significantly reduced the proliferation of NCI-H716 cells（P<0.05）. As the GGQL concentration increased， its inhibitory effect became more obvious. GGQL at each concentration significantly promoted the apoptosis of NCI-H716 cells （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， GGQL significantly up-regulated the expression of cAMP， GLP-1， and GPR119 （P<0.05）. The results showed that the effect of GGQL was positively correlated with its concentration， and 10% GGQL exhibited the best effect. ConclusionGGQL effectively inhibits the proliferation of NCI-H716 cells and promotes their apoptosis， and it may promote the secretion of GLP-1 by up-regulating the expression of cAMP and GPR119.