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Breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%) in 2020. Breast cancer ranks first among malignant tumors in the world, seriously threatening women's health. Due to continuously enrichment of treatment methods for breast cancer, patients' prognosis have been greatly improved. The emergence of vaccines is an important treatment method to promote the development of human health. For cancer therapy, preventive vaccines have been popularized for kinds of tumor with specific incentives, such as cervical cancer caused by HPV infection. At present, the causative factors of breast cancer are still unclear, and it is still difficult to develop preventive vaccines against breast cancer. In recent years, a variety of therapeutic vaccines have emerged in the field of breast cancer treatment. When patient completed comprehensive treatment, vaccine is used to stimulate body immune system to recognize tumor cell-specific antigens, thereby reducing the recurrence rate as much as possible. Most of these vaccines are currently aimed at more malignant triple-negative breast cancer and HER2-positive breast cancer. This article will focus on the research progress of several therappeutic vaccines.
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Currently, the value of adjuvant therapy after radical resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains elusive. Some studies have reported that radiotherapy can improve the locoregional control rate and overall survival of patients. However, the design of radiotherapy target area, intervention time and dose of radiotherapy are controversial. In this article, literature review was conducted and the current status and controversy of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were reviewed.
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Objective@#To translate the English version of the Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE T) into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity.@*Methods@#Firstly, PURPOSE T was translated and revised, cross-cultural debugging, and then 213 inpatients from Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital from November 2017 to May 2018 were selected for investigation. Choosing the total item content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) and the content validity of the item level content validity index (I-CVI) to evaluate content validity, using the Chinese version of the Braden scale as the criterion to measure the validity-related validity of the Chinese version of PURPOSE T. The internal consistency reliability Cronbach α coefficient, the assessor reliability, and the test-retest reliability measure the reliability.@*Results@#The Chinese version of PURPOSET S-CVI was 0.967; I-CVI was 0.6-1.0, The coefficients between PURPOSET and Braden scale in mobility, activity ability, perception status, nutritional status and humidity were 0.600, 0.661, 0.699, 0.519, and 0.783. The PURPOSET and Braden scales had a correlation coefficient of 0.407 in predicting the risk of pressure injury. The Cronbach α=0.859 of the evaluation tool, the assessor reliability were 0.87 and the correlation coefficient of the 2 measurements of the test-retest reliability were 0.91.@*Conclusions@#The Chinese version of PURPOSET has good reliability and validity and can be used as a risk assessment tool for pressure injury in hospitalized patients in China.
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Objective To translate the English version of the Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE T) into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Firstly, PURPOSE T was translated and revised, cross-cultural debugging, and then 213 inpatients from Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital from November 2017 to May 2018 were selected for investigation. Choosing the total item content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) and the content validity of the item level content validity index (I-CVI) to evaluate content validity, using the Chinese version of the Braden scale as the criterion to measure the validity-related validity of the Chinese version of PURPOSE T. The internal consistency reliability Cronbach α coefficient, the assessor reliability, and the test-retest reliability measure the reliability. Results The Chinese version of PURPOSET S-CVI was 0.967;I-CVI was 0.6-1.0, The coefficients between PURPOSET and Braden scale in mobility, activity ability, perception status, nutritional status and humidity were 0.600, 0.661, 0.699, 0.519, and 0.783. The PURPOSET and Braden scales had a correlation coefficient of 0.407 in predicting the risk of pressure injury. The Cronbach α=0.859 of the evaluation tool, the assessor reliability were 0.87 and the correlation coefficient of the 2 measurements of the test-retest reliability were 0.91. Conclusions The Chinese version of PURPOSET has good reliability and validity and can be used as a risk assessment tool for pressure injury in hospitalized patients in China.
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Objective To translate the Symptom Intrusiveness Rating Scale and test its reliability and validity. Methods The scale was modified based on translation, back-translation and cross-culture adaptation. Ninety-five patients were recruited from wound&stoma clinic of one upper first-class hospital. the questionnaire were tested by internal reliability and test-retest for reliability and exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis for validity. Results The coefficient of Cronbach α was 0.823 and the retest reliability was 0.893. The content validity index was 0.871. Three factors, which were F1:functional status, F2: social relations, F1: mental health, were extracted by exploratory factor analysis and they could explain 78.53% of total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model and fit indices c 2/df=1.061, GFI=0.903, RMSEA=0.065, NFI=0.932, IFI=0.996. The Chinese version of SyIRS was moderately related with SF-36v2 physical subscales (r=-0.42, P<0.01), and mental subscales (r=-0.45, P<0.01). Conclusions The Chinese version of Symptom Intrusiveness Rating Scale is a reliable and valid instrument, which is applicable to assess the patient’s quality of life associated with chronic wound related pain.