ABSTRACT
气味是评价食品新鲜度最重要的参数之一。当气味以其自然浓度存在时，会在嗅觉系统中引发不同的神经活动模式。本研究提出了一种通过检测食物气味进行食物检测与评价的在体生物传感系统。我们通过将多通道微电极植入在清醒大鼠嗅球的僧帽/丛状细胞层上，进而对神经信号进行实时检测。结果表明，不同的气味可以引起不同的神经振荡活动，每个僧帽/丛状细胞会表现出特定气味的锋电位发放模式。单个大鼠的少量细胞携带足够的信息，可以根据锋电位发放频率变化率的极坐标图来区分不同储存天数的食物。此外，研究表明气味刺激后，β振荡比γ振荡表现出更特异的气味响应模式，这表明β振荡在气味识别中起着更重要的作用。综上，本研究提出的在体神经接口为评估食品新鲜度提供了一种可行性方法。
Subject(s)
Olfactory Bulb , Odorants , SmellABSTRACT
Objective@#To test the effectiveness of psychological flexibility training on career adaptability among middle school students who undertook psychological courses based on acceptance commitment therapy and the adolescent mental flexibility model(DNA-V), and to provide a reference plan to improve the mental health of middle school students.@*Methods@#This study recruited 110 junior high school students (60 boys and 50 girls) from a middle-school in Beijing. The students were randomly divided by class into a DNA-V face-to-face course group(offline group n=33), a DNA-V online course group(online group n=40), and a regular school psychology course group(control group n=37). Louise Hayes DNA-V intervention program was condensed into a six-hour middle-school DNA-V psychology curriculum. Using the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth and the Career Adaptability Scale, changes in psychological flexibility and career adaptability were measured before(T1), one week after(T2), and two months after (T3) the intervention.@*Results@#Linear mixed models were used for the analysis, while controlling for demographic variables. Psychological flexibility and career adaptability in the offline group were higher at T2 and T3 than at T1(psychological flexibility t=4.22, 3.11; career adaptablity t=3.05, 4.16, P<0.01), while the difference between T2 and T3 was not statistically significant. The psychological flexibility and career adaptability of the online group were not statistically significant at T1, T2, and T3. The psychological flexibility and career adaptability of the control group increased from T1 to T2(t=4.64, 2.47, P<0.05), but T3 decreased back to a level close to T1.@*Conclusion@#In terms of both psychological flexibility and career adaptability, the DNA-V face-to-face psychology course resulted in a retention period of at least two months.
ABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic central neurodegenerative disease. The pathological features of AD are the extracellular deposition of senile plaques formed by amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) and the intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In this paper, an in vitro pathological model of AD based on neuronal network chip and its real-time dynamic analysis were presented. The hippocampal neuronal network was cultured on the microelectrode array (MEA) chip and induced by AβOs as an AD model in vitro to simultaneously record two firing patterns from the interneurons and pyramidal neurons. The spatial firing patterns mapping and cross-correlation between channels were performed to validate the degeneration of neuronal network connectivity. This biosensor enabled the detection of the AβOs toxicity responses, and the identification of connectivity and interactions between neuronal networks, which can be a novel technique in the research of AD pathological model in vitro.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Neurofibrillary Tangles , tau ProteinsABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic central neurodegenerative disease. The pathological features of AD are the extracellular deposition of senile plaques formed by amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) and the intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In this paper, an in vitro pathological model of AD based on neuronal network chip and its real-time dynamic analysis were presented. The hippocampal neuronal network was cultured on the microelectrode array (MEA) chip and induced by AβOs as an AD model to simultaneously record two firing patterns from the interneurons and pyramidal neurons. The spatial firing patterns mapping and cross-correlation between channels were performed to validate the degeneration of neuronal network connectivity. This biosensor enabled the detection of the AβOs toxicity responses, and the identification of connectivity and interactions between neuronal networks, which can be a novel technique in the research of AD pathological model .
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Neurofibrillary Tangles , tau ProteinsABSTRACT
@#Taiji Quan, as a kind of mild to moderate aerobic exercise, may do benefit in senile hypertension patients. From the views of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiji Quan can make the Yin and Yang balance and the Channels and Meridians smooth. For the modern medicine, Taiji Quan can regulate the function of circulation, breath, nerve, incretion and metabolism, etc.
ABSTRACT
To determine the direct effect of leptin on adipose tissue apoptosis in vitro using rat adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), we isolated the ADSCs of rat epididymis adipose tissue by collagenase digestion, filtration, and subsequent centrifugation. Cell cultures with or without leptin (10(-9) mol/L, 10(-8) mol/L, 10(-7) mol/L and 10(-6) mol/L) were incubated for different time. We examined the cell surface phenotype by immunofluorescence and detected the apoptosis morphological changes of ADSCs by laser scanning confocal microscope (LCSM). The number of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry assay after annexin V binding and PI staining. Caspase-3 activity was measured by spectrofluorometry. The present study demonstrates that leptin treatment causes a marked increase in adipose-derived stem cell apoptosis. With the LCSM, after being treated with leptin, ADSCs showed the typical characteristic of apoptosis. Leptin in used concentrations (0 mol/L, 10(-8) mol/L, 10(-7) mol/L, 10(-6) mol/L) caused a marked increase in cell apoptosis after 48 h incubation time (for 2.50% +/- 0.72%, 6.78% +/- 1.99%, 11.99% +/- 1.58% and 17.93% +/- 4.82%, respectively, P < 0.05). Caspase-3 activity increased and reached a maximal level after 48 h in a linear fashion. The effect of leptin was dose-dependent and time-dependent. Leptin has been demonstrated to induce preadipocyte and adipocyte apoptosis, and today we demonstrate that leptin can induce ADSCs apoptosis, which can contribute to the decrease of adiposity. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the direct peripheral effect of leptin on ADSCs.