ABSTRACT
ANTECEDENTES: El 11 de marzo de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) como pandemia, cuyos casos y gravedad en Chile han sido elevados. Internacionalmente, los profesionales de la salud han debido adaptar sus actividades laborales hacia pacientes mecánicamente ventilados por agravamiento de los síntomas respiratorios. La terapia respiratoria y terapia física que realizan los kinesiólogos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) es fundamental, y existe la urgencia por agrupar datos nacionales que permitan describir la situación y así prepararse para futuros aumentos de la carga asistencial en UCI. OBJETIVO: Describir las modificaciones institucionales, laborales y asistenciales, experimentadas por kinesiólogos que se desempeñan en UCI durante y después de la pandemia COVID-19 en Chile. MÉTODOS: Este es el protocolo de un estudio observacional analítico transversal, el cual recopilará información desde el inicio hasta un año iniciada la pandemia. Se incluirán todas las UCI adulto existentes y las creadas por contingencia COVID-19. Se excluirán aquellas que no hayan recibido pacientes en UCI con COVID-19 confirmado. Se aplicará una encuesta online (REDCap®) al kinesiólogo representante de cada centro, la cual recopilará la información anonimizada principalmente a través de selección múltiple y escala Likert. RESULTADOS ESPERADOS: Se espera identificar un alto porcentaje de modificaciones institucionales en las UCI de Chile, y kinesiólogos que se vieron en la necesidad decambiar sus condiciones laborales y asistenciales durante la pandemia, en comparación al período pre-pandemia;cambios que en un menor porcentaje se mantuvieron en el tiempo.
BACKGROUND: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic, whose cases and severity in Chile have been high. Worldwide, health staffs have adapted their working activities focusing mainly on mechanically ventilated patients due to respiratory decline. Respiratory therapy and physical therapy by physiotherapists in the intensive care unit (ICU) are essential, and national data needs to be collected to describe the pandemic-related context to prepare for future increases in the ICU demand. OBJECTIVE: To describe the institutional, workforce and healthcare modifications experienced by the ICU physiotherapists during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. METHODS: This is the protocol of a cross-sectional study, which will collect information from the beginning to 1 year after the pandemic begins. All existing adult ICUs and those ICUs created during the pandemic will be included. Those who have not received ICU patients with confirmed COVID-19 will be excluded. An online survey will be applied to the physiotherapists representing each ICU, which will collect the anonymous information mainly through multiple selection-choice and Likert scale.EXPECTED RESULTS: We will be expected to identify a high percentage of institutional modifications in the ICUs in Chile, and that the physiotherapists would need of changing their working and healthcare conditions during the pandemic, compared to the pre-pandemic period; changes that in a smaller percentage would be maintained over time.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral , Physical Therapy Modalities/organization & administration , Coronavirus Infections , Critical Care/organization & administration , Physical Therapists/organization & administration , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Physical Therapy Specialty/organization & administration , Pandemics , Intensive Care Units/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La investigación en centros educacionales es una fuente frecuente de estudios de las áreas sociales y salud. Objetivo: Determinar el conocimiento y la adherencia a la regulación ética y legal vigente de la investigación realizadas con niños en centros educacionales. Metodología: Estudio transversal tipo encuesta online. Se consultó sobre el nivel de conocimiento y adherencia a la regulación ética y legislación vigente en Chile, para realizar investigación con menores de edad. Resultados: 126 centros respondieron la encuesta; 69% de zonas urbanas; 60% son centros municipales y 34% particulares subvencionados. En un 31,8% de los centros se realizó investigación, 41% de salud y 30,8% de educación. El 27,5% informó que la investigación contaba con aprobación del comité ético-científico para su implementación, un 82% señaló no recibir ni tener conocimiento de los aspectos regulatorios sobre la investigación con seres humanos. Conclusión: Existe bajo conocimiento y adherencia a la regulación ética y legal de la investigación con niños en centros educacionales. Se realizó una jornada de difusión de los resultados y se propuso un flujograma generado por expertos orientado a los directores de centros educacionales para contribuir a la adherencia de los aspectos éticos y regulatorios de la investigación en centros educacionales.
Background: Research in educational centers is a frequent source of social and health related studies. Objective: To determine the knowledge and adherence to the current legal and ethical regulations to research performed on children at educational institutions. Methodology: Cross-sectional study online survey-type. The level of knowledge and adherence to the ethical regulation and legislation in Chile, to conduct research with minors was consulted. Results: 126 educational institutions responded the survey; 69% belonged to urban centers; 60% corresponded to those under the Municipality umbrella and 34% to charter schools. Research was performed in 31,8% of the consulted institutions, 41% of the research was on health issues and 30,8% on education. The 27,5% answered that they had the approval of ethical-scientific committee, 82% answered that they neither received nor had any awareness of regulatory aspects on research. Conclusion: There is low knowledge and adherence to ethical and legal regulation to research performed with children in educational centers. A journey for dissemination of results was performed and a flow chart was created by experts and proposed to the school directors to contribute to the adherence of ethical and regulatory aspects of research in educational centers.
Antecedentes: A pesquisa em centros educacionais é uma fonte frequente de estudos das áreas sociais e de saúde. Objetivo: determinar o conhecimento e a adesão à regulamentação ética e legal vigente de pesquisa realizada com crianças em centros educacionais. Metodologia: estudo transversal de tipo enquete on-line. Consultou-se sobre o nível de conhecimento e adesão ao regulamento ético e a legislação vigente no Chile, para realizar a pesquisa com menores de idade. Resultados: 126 centros responderam à enquete; 69% em áreas urbanas; 60% são centros municipais e 34% centros particulares subsidiados. Em 31,8% dos centros foram realizadas pesquisas, 41% de saúde e 30,8% de educação. 27,5% relataram que a pesquisa teve aprovação do Comitê de etico-cientifico para a sua execução, 82% disseram não receber ou ter conhecimento dos aspectos regulatórios da pesquisa com seres humanos. Conclusão: Existe pouco conhecimento e adesão ao regulamento ético e legal de pesquisa envolvendo crianças em centros educacionais. Fora realizada uma conferência para a divulgação dos resultados e fora proposto um fluxograma gerado por especialistas, que visam os diretores de centros educacionais para contribuir para a aderência dos aspectos éticos e regulatórios de pesquisa em centros educacionais.