ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Cervical cancer is responsible for women’s morbidity and mortality throughout the world. In developing countries women usually present in advanced stage, awareness of cervical cancer can enhance women inclination towards regular cervical screening which can detect early pre-invasive lesions. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of cervical cancer among King Faisal University community visiting gynecology clinic, Al Ahsa Saudi Arabia. Methods: A questionnaire oriented cross-sectional study was conducted and 385 females were enrolled by systematic random sampling. The questionnaire contained 14 questions about cervical cancer and six barrier statements for cervical screening. SPSS software version 26.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Results: Total 385 females participated in the study. Majority 73.2% (n=282) had heard about cervical cancer and found significant association with age 36-45yr (p=0.001), married with two children (p=0.003), employed (p=0.001), Master level education (p=0.001) and with Saudi nationality (p=0.028). Logistic regression revealed age increases likely hood of adequate knowledge almost by one fold (odds ratio 0.954, 95% CI: 0.925-0.984) and having Saudi nationality increases it by two folds (odds ratio 2.056, 95%CI: 1.228-3.440). Almost 80% were aware of screening test, 18.4% had undergone one time an opportunistic screening test. Significant proportion of Saudi nationals had heard of HPV vaccines (p= 0.04). Conclusion: Participants had adequate knowledge of cervical cancer but had low screening test practice. There is need to implement regular cervical screening practice at national level.
ABSTRACT
The present study has been planned to evaluate the effects of microwaves radiation [MWR] emitted from cellular phone base station on the activities of some antioxidant enzymes in liver, spleen and kidney of mice and its relation with health. To test this, we have investigated the effect of exposure to radiowave radiation emitted from mobile base station antenna [900 MHz, GSM] on superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase and glutathione-S-transferase [GST] activites as indicators of oxidative stress in liver, spleen and kidneys of mice placed at a distance of 15 meters from the base of the mast at power density of 0.05 mW/cm[2] for one month. The results obtained showed that the activities of SOC, catalase and GST were significantly increase in liver and there is no significant difference in their activities in kidney and spleen. These results indicates that acute exposure to microwave fields could deteriorate antioxidant defensive system in some organs. Thus, people are concerned about the MWR from these products, taking the possible precautions can reduce any possible risk
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis C virus is a newly discovered threat to Egyptian people. It carries a great risk of chronic hepatic disease and hepato cellular carcinoma. The aim of this work is to study the role of HCV in the causation of acute hepatitis in pediatric patients without history of parenteral exposure and the accuracy of the currently used methods of diagnosis. This study was conducted on 40 pediat patients showing clinical features of hepatitis, another group of almost the same age and sex comprised 25 apparently healthy persons were also studied as a control group. All the subjects were clinically evaluated to elucidate signs of hepatitis,. Serum bilirubin [total, direct] levels, ALT and AST values were measured to confirm the diagnosis. HBsAg was searched for HBV infection then, HCV markers were measured using 3[rd] generation ELISA for detection of HCV antibodies and RT-PCR for detection of HCV-RNA. HCV was detected in 7.5% of patients with manifestations of hepatitis versus 8% of the control group as determined by ELISA. However, PCR revealed 5% and 0%, in the patient and the control group respectively. ELISA positivity was found to be correlated with elevated serum transaminases but no significant correlation was seen with PCR. The HCV ELISA was found to be a good negative test and its specificity tended to increase with increased prevalence of infection. A significant correlation was found between IgM Antibodies against [S.mansoni egg Soluble antigen] and PCR positivity