ABSTRACT
Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been widely used in both psychiatry and other medicine, few cases have been reported SSRI-related hyperprolactinemia and/or galactorrhea. We experienced one case which showed both galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia following treatment with paroxetine. In the case, a 37-year-old multiparous woman reported galactorrhea after 8-weeks paroxetine treatment for her depression. After 1 month prescription of bromocriptine, dopamine agonist, as well as switching medication from paroxetine to venlafaxine, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, both galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia were disappeared. Both hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea have not been observed even after the cessation of bromocriptine prescription.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Bromocriptine , Cyclohexanols , Depression , Dopamine Agonists , Galactorrhea , Hyperprolactinemia , Paroxetine , Prescriptions , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors , Venlafaxine HydrochlorideABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Insulin resistance has been known to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship with Framingham risk score among type 2 diabetes has not been well known. We investigated the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and the Framingham risk score(FRS) among type 2 diabetes in Korea. METHODS: We estimated the 5-year risk of ischemic heart disease(IHD) based on Framingham equation among 1,941 diabetes patients(1,294 men and 647 women), who visited Huh's clinic, enrolled from January 2003 to June 2006. IR, which was measured by insulin tolerance test (ITT), was divided into five groups(Q1 to Q5). High risk of IHD was defined as upper 10 percentile of FRS. Multivariate regression and logistic regression models were used to see independent association of higher quintiles of IR level, compared with lowest quintile(Q1) for the risk of IHD. RESULTS: Mean (+/-standard deviation) 5-year FRS of study subjects were 8.40%(+/-6.89) for men and 5.92%(+/-5.23) for women. There were significant correlation between IR, body mass index, HbA1C, fasting glucose, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, C-peptide and FRS in both men and women. After adjusting for triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, C-peptide, multivariate regression model analysis showed that IR was independently associated with the FRS. A positive association between IR and high risk of IHD was observed in men: highest versus lowest quintile of IR (odds ratio 5.45 in men and 4.71 in women). CONCLUSION: Increased IR level was independently associated with risk of IHD measured by FRS among type 2 diabetes in Korea.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Body Mass Index , C-Peptide , Cardiovascular Diseases , Fasting , Glucose , Heart , Insulin Resistance , Insulin , Korea , Logistic Models , Myocardial Ischemia , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
A 49-year-old woman had nonspecific digestive symptoms such as indigestion and upper abdominal discomfort. Endoscopic examination revealed a large pedunculated polypoid lesion arising in the postbulbar region and extending to the second part of the duodenum. This polyp was successfully removed via endoscopic snare polypectomy. We applied metal clip on the base of polyp for preventing bleeding or perforation. There was no serious complication.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Adenoma , Duodenal Neoplasms , Duodenum , Dyspepsia , Endoscopy , Hemorrhage , Polyps , SNARE ProteinsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cerebral palsy among neonates with risk factors and the relationship between cerebral palsy and risk factors. Among 6,220 neonates who were born in Yonsei University Hospital between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1992; 699 neonates had more than one risk factors which were prematurity, low birth weight, perinatal asphyxia, and hyperbilirubinemia. This study comprised 361 neonates with risk factors who could be followed up to 1 year of age. The prevalence of cerebral palsy was 4.7% and the prevalence of delayed development was 2.5%. Among 264 cases with a prematurity, 15(5.7%) cases were diagnosed as cerebral palsy. Among 239 cases with a low birth weight, 12(5.0%) cases were diagnosed as cerebral palsy. Among 228 neonates with an APGAR score below 7 point in 1 minute, 16(7.0%) cases were diagnosed as cerebral palsy and among 79 neonates with an APGAR score below 7 point in 5 minute, 9(11.4%) cases were diagnosed as cerebral palsy.