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Background@#and Purpose The relationships among interleukin (IL)-10 levels, anxiety, and cognitive status after stroke remain controversial. We aimed to determine the associations of serum IL-10 levels with poststroke anxiety (PSA) and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). @*Methods@#We recruited 350 patients with stroke, of whom only 151 completed a 1-month follow-up assessment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the cognitive status and anxiety, respectively. Serum IL-10 levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. @*Results@#IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the PSA group than in the non-PSA group, and they were negatively associated with HAMA scores (r=-0.371, p<0.001). After adjusting for all potential confounders, IL-10 levels remained an independent predictor of PSA (odds ratio=0.471, 95% confidence interval=0.237–0.936, p=0.032). IL-10 levels were strongly correlated with behavior during interviews, psychic anxiety, and somatic anxiety. Patients without PSCI had higher IL-10 levels were higher in non-PSCI patients than in PSCI patients, and they were positively associated with MMSE scores in the bivariate correlation analysis (r=0.169, p=0.038), and also with memory capacity, naming ability, and copying capacity.However, IL-10 did not predict PSCI in the univariable or multivariable logistic regression. @*Conclusions@#Low IL-10 levels were associated with increased risks of PSA and PSCI at a 1-month follow-up after stroke. Serum IL-10 levels may therefore be helpful in predicting PSA.
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The advancement of the next generation sequencing (NGS) technology has promoted the development of ancient DNA research. Ancient DNA has made outstanding contributions in various fields such as human origin, animal evolution, etc. How to effectively extract and mine the genetic information from fossil and sub-fossil remains excavated from specific locations is a prerequisite for optimizing their important roles in many fields. In this study, we correlated the two main indicators of DNA damage (terminal base replacement rate, average fragment length) with the possible factors such as the burial time, geological epochs, tissue types, and sequencing library construction methods. The results show that the end base replacement rate of ancient DNA from Northeastern China is positively correlated with the water content of the environment and the ages of the samples. Among samples of different geological epochs, ancient DNA end base replacement rates have significant differences. On the contrary, different tissue types of the remains have no significant effects on the end base replacement rate of ancient DNA. The average fragment size of the molecules has no obvious correlation with the factors mentioned above. The results provide both solid data for investigating the characteristics of ancient DNA from specimens collected in Northeastern China, and valuable information for collecting appropriate samples from different geographical locations and the downstream storage before wet lab procedures after excavation.
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Objective To provide technical support for market supervision of TCM decoction pieces in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei districts; To facilitate the medical treatment of people in the three districts. Methods A comparative study and analysis on processing procedures of TCM decoction pieces in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei districts was conducted. Results There were some differences in TCM decoction pieces in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei districts. The quality of TCM decoction pieces is easy to be contradictory according to different standards. Conclusion It is badly in need of a unified standard for the preparation of TCM decoction pieces.
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A method for the simultaneous determination of sixteen mycotoxins in cogon rootstalk was developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadropole mass spectrometry(UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with acetonitrile contained 1% acetic acid and purified by QuEChERS method. The separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C₁₈column by gradient elution using methanol and 0.01% aqueous formic acid as mobile phase. The targeted compounds were detected in MRM mode by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization(ESI)source operated in positive ionization mode. The linear relationships of the sixteen mycotoxins were good in their respective linear ranges. The correlation coefficients(r)ranged among 0.996 2-1.000. The LOQs of the sixteen mycotoxins were between 0.03 and 186.68 μg•kg ⁻¹. The average recoveries ranged from 60.28% to 129.2% with relative standard deviations(RSDs)within 0.29%-11%. The results demonstrated that the proposed method was sensitive and accurate, and suitable for the mycotoxins quantification in cogon rootstalk.
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Objective Recombinant human parathyroid hormone(1-34) [ rhPTH(1-34)] is the unique anabolic substance acting on the skeleton. The efficacy and safety of long-term administration of rhPTH(1-34) in Chinese postmenopausal women have not been evaluated. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of rhPTH(1-34) with elcatonin for treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in 11 urban areas of China. Methods A total of453 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were enrolled in an 18-month, multi-center, randomized, controlled study. They were randomized to receive either rhPTH(1-34) 20 μg(200 U) daily for 18 months, or elcatonin 20 U weekly for 12 months. Lumbar spine ( L1-4) and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), fracture rate, back pain as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover ( serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was measured by radioimmunoassay; C-telopeptide/ creatinine ( CTX/ Cr) measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) at 6, 12, and 18 months. Adverse events were recorded. Results rhPTH(1-34) increased lumbar BMD more significantly than that did by elcatonin at 6 months( M6), 12 months (M12), and 18 months(M18; 4. 3% vs 1. 94% , 6. 8% vs 2. 72% , 9. 51% vs 2. 86% , P<0. 01). There was only a small but significant increase of femoral neck BMD at M18(2. 64% , P<0. 01) in rhPTH(1-34) groups. There were greater increases in bone turnover markers in the rhPTH(1-34) group than in the elcatonin group at M6, M12, and M18[serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase(BSAP) 93. 67% vs -3. 56% , 117. 78% vs -4. 12% , 49. 24% vs-5. 81% , P<0. 01; urinary CTX/ Cr 250% vs -29. 5% , 330% vs -41. 4% , 273 % vs -10. 6% , P<0. 01]. rhPTH (1-34) showed similar effect of pain relief as elcatonin. The incidence of clinical fractures was 5. 36% (6 / 112) in elcatonin group and 3. 23% ( 11 / 341 ) in rhPTH ( 1-34 ) group ( P = 0. 303 ). Both treatments were well tolerated. Hypercaluria(9. 38% ) and hypercalcemia(7. 04% ) in rhPTH(1-34) group was transient and caused no clinical symptoms. Pruritus(8. 21% vs 2. 68, P=0. 044) and redness of injection site(4. 40% vs 0, P=0. 024) were more frequent in rhPTH(1-34). Nausea / vomiting(16. 07% vs 6. 16% , P = 0. 001) and hot flushes(7. 14% vs 0. 59% , P<0. 001) were more common in elcatonin group. Conclusion rhPTH(1-34) treatment was associated with greater increases in lumbar spine BMD and bone formation markers. It could increase femoral BMD after 18 months treatment. rhPTH(1-34) could ameliorate back pain effectively. The results of the present study indicate that rhPTH(1-34) is an effective, and safe agent in treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) (rhPTH (1-34)) is the first agent in a unique class of anabolic therapies acting on the skeleton. The efficacy and safety of long-term administration of rhPTH (1-34) in Chinese postmenopausal women had not been evaluated. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of rhPTH (1-34) with elcatonin for treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in 11 urban areas of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 453 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were enrolled in an 18-month, multi-center, randomized, controlled study. They were randomized to receive either rhPTH (1-34) 20 µg (200 U) daily for 18 months, or elcatonin 20 U weekly for 12 months. Lumbar spine (L1-4) and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), fracture rate, back pain as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured. Adverse events were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>rhPTH (1-34) increased lumbar BMD significantly more than did elcatonin after 6, 12, and 18 months of treatment (4.3% vs. 1.9%, 6.8% vs. 2.7%, 9.5% vs. 2.9%, P < 0.01). There was only a small but significant increase of femoral neck BMD after 18 months (2.6%, P < 0.01) in rhPTH groups. There were larger increases in bone turnover markers in the rhPTH (1-34) group than those in the elcatonin group after 6, 12, and 18 months (serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) 93.7% vs. -3.6%; 117.8% vs. -4.1%; 49.2% vs. -5.8%, P < 0.01; urinary C-telopeptide/creatinine (CTX/Cr) 250.0% vs. -29.5%; 330.0% vs. -41.4%, 273.0% vs. -10.6%, P < 0.01). rhPTH (1-34) showed similar effect of pain relief as elcatonin. The incidence of clinical fractures was 5.36% (6/112) in elcatonin group and 3.2% (11/341) in rhPTH (1-34) group (P = 0.303). Both treatments were well tolerated. Hypercaluria (9.4%) and hypercalcemia (7.0%) in rhPTH (1-34) group were transient and caused no clinical symptoms. Pruritus (8.2% vs. 2.7%, P = 0.044) and redness of injection site (4.4% vs. 0, P = 0.024) were more frequent in rhPTH (1-34). Nausea/vomiting (16.1% vs. 6.2%, P = 0.001) and hot flushes (7.1% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001) were more common in elcatonin group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>rhPTH (1-34) was associated with greater increases in lumbar spine BMD and bone formation markers. It could increase femoral BMD after 18 months of treatment. rhPTH could improve back pain effectively. The results of the present study indicate that rhPTH (1-34) is an effective, safe agent in treating Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Bone Density , Calcitonin , Therapeutic Uses , China , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal , Drug Therapy , Parathyroid Hormone , Therapeutic Uses , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To study the changes of bone mineral density(BMD)and bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients treated with salmon calcitonin nasal spray. Methods Sixty-seven postmenopausal osteoporotic patients were enrolled in our trial. All of them received calcium and vitamin D; 37patients were treated with salmon calcitonin nasal spray for 12 months and the other 30 patients received calcium and vitamin D only. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)and measurements of a series of bone turnover indices were performed before and after medication for 6 and 12 months. Results After treatment with salmon calcitonin nasal spray for6 months, BMD in lumbar spine 2-4 increased but no change occurred in femoral neck. However, after treatment for 12 months, BMD in both lumbar spine 2-4 and femoral neck increased. In the control group, BMD in lumbar spine 2-4 decreased after treatment for 6 and 12 months, but BMD in femoral neck decreased only after 12months. Comparing with the control group, after treatment with salmon calcitonin nasal spray, BMD in lumbar spine 2-4 and femoral neck were increased obviously. The level of TRACP-5b and NTX/Cr decreased after treatment with salmon calcitonin nasal spray for6 months and 12 months, while BALP increased only after treatment for 12 months. In the control group, BALP decreased after treatment for 12 months. The level of 25-(OH)vitamin D increased after treatment for 6 months and 12 months in both groups. Conclusions Long-term treatment with salmon calcitonin nasal spray prevents bone loss and may increase bone mass.
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Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and safety between recombinant human parathyroid hormone ( rhPTH) ( 1 -34) and elcatonin in the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in China.Methods This 6 month, multicenter, randomized and controlled study enrolled 205 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.They were randomized to receive either rhPTH (1 -34) 20 μg (200 U) daily or elcatonin 20 U weekly.Lumbar spine (L1-4 ) and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured. In the meantime adverse events were recorded. Results The results showed that both rhPTH ( 1 -34) and elcatonin increased L1-4 BMD significantly at the endpoint of the study, but femoral neck BMD did not change significantly.From baseline to endpoint, BMD of L1-4 and femoral neck in the rhPTH( 1-34) group increased by 5.51% (P <0.01) and 0.65% (P >0.05), but BMD of L1-4 and femoral neck in elcatonin group increased by 1.55% (P <0.05) and 0.11% (P>0.05).Moreover, the rhPTH(1-34) group had better improvement in L1-4 BMD than the elcatonin group at 3, 6 months, but there was no difference of BMD in these two groups with regard to femoral neck.There were greater mean increases of the bone markers in the rhPTH( 1-34) group than those in the elcatonin group at 3, 6 months [serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase ( BSAP) 36.79% vs 0.31% ; 92.42% vs -0.17% ; the ratio of urine N-telopeptide of type I collagen and creatinine (NTX/Cr) 48.91% vs -5.32% ; 68.82% vs - 10.86%].Both kinds of treatment were well tolerated and there were no differences between the two groups in the rates of adverse events and serious adverse events.Conclusion It is concluded that rhPTH (1 -34) has more positive effects on bone formation than elcatonin as shown by the greater increments of L1-4 BMD and bone formation markers and the less occurrence of adverse events as well as no significant change in hepatic, renal or hemopoietic function.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) (rhPTH (1-34)) given by injection is a new seventh class drug of biological products, which is prepared by adopting gene recombination technique. rhPTH (1-34) is mainly used to treat osteoporosis, especially for postmenopausal women. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of rhPTH (1-34) with elcatonin for treating postmenopausal women with osteoporosis in 11 urban areas of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and five women with osteoporosis were enrolled in a 6-month, multicenter, randomized, controlled study. They were randomized to receive either rhPTH (1-34) 20 microg (200 U) daily or elcatonin 20 U weekly. Lumbar spine (L1-4) and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), as well as biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured. Adverse events were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>rhPTH (1-34) increased lumbar BMD significantly more than did elcatonin at 3 months and 6 months (2.38% vs 0.59%, P < 0.05; 5.51% vs 1.55%, P < 0.01), but there were no significant increases of BMD in these two groups at femoral neck. There were larger mean increases in bone markers in the rhPTH (1-34) group than in the elcatonin group at 3 months and 6 months (serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) 36.79% vs 0.31%; 92.42% vs -0.17%; urinary N-telopeptide/creatinine (NTX/Cr) 48.91% vs -5.32%; 68.82% vs -10.86%). Both treatments were well tolerated and there were no significant differences detected between the two groups in the proportion of any adverse events and any serious adverse events (67.0% vs 59.0%; 0 vs 0).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>rhPTH (1-34) has more positive effects on bone formation, as shown by the larger increments of lumbar BMD and bone formation markers, than elcatonin, with only mild adverse events and no significant change in the liver, kidney or hematological indices.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Calcitonin , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Osteogenesis , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal , Drug Therapy , Parathyroid Hormone , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Recombinant Proteins , Pharmacology , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents and volatile oil of Xiaochengqi decoction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents in decoction were separated by means of column chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral data and compared with literature data. As well as the volatile oil of Xiaochengqi Fang were analyzed and identified by GC-MS.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as chrysophanol (1), physcion (2), magnolol (3), beta-sitosterol (4), sitosterol trans-cinnamic acid (5), emodin (6), aloe emodin (7), rhein (8), gallic acid (9), chrysophanol-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), aurantiamarin (11). The volatile oils extracted with steam distillation from Xiaochengqi were identified 67 components, and the main components are including.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of the eleven compounds were isolated from Xiaochengqi decoction for the first time and the study on their activities in Chinese prescription is being carried out. D-limonene (42.61%), p-cymene (16.43%), and 8-terpinene (14.46%).</p>
Subject(s)
Anthraquinones , Chemistry , Biphenyl Compounds , Chemistry , Cinnamates , Chemistry , Cyclohexenes , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Emodin , Chemistry , Gallic Acid , Chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Lignans , Chemistry , Monoterpenes , Chemistry , Oils, Volatile , Chemistry , Sitosterols , Chemistry , Terpenes , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the relationship of hypertension with osteoporosis(OP)and bone mineral density(BMD) in elderly type 2 diabetic women.Methods: A total of 179 elderly type 2 diabetic women were categorized into hypertension group(n=124)and non-hypertension group(n=55).Lumbar and hip BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Prevalences of osteoporosis were compared between the two groups using Chi-square test,and BMD was compared using covariance analysis.The correlation between the osteoporosis and risk factors was analyzed using binary logistic regression method.Results: The prevalences of osteoporosis(total OP,lumber OP and hip OP) in non-hypertension group were higher than that of the hypertension group(Pt=0.037,Pl=0.042 and Ph=0.051,respectively).Lumbar and hip BMD in the hypertension group was higher than that in the non-hypertension group,and there were significant differences in L3 and L4 BMDs between the two groups(P3=0.040,P4=0.021);however,the difference disappeared after adjustment for body mass index(BMD).After adjustment for C peptide,the P value also increased,but not as obvious as after adjustment for BMI.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that OP was associated with age,BMI and osteocalcin,but not with hypertension.Conclusion: OP is associated with the age,BMI,and osteocalcin,but not with hypertension in elderly type 2 diabetic women.