ABSTRACT
Objective:To automatically and rapidly detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in an objective manner using natural language processing (NLP).Methods:A total of 215 participants (half female) aged 50 to 80 were recruited for the study′s normal cognition and MCI groups. Speech tasks and the mini mental state examination (MMSE-2) were used to collect audio data and quantify cognitive functioning. Altogether 162 acoustic features were extracted including the speaking speed, syllable number, syllable duration, number of pauses, duration of pauses, the standard deviation of formant frequency and sound pressure variation. They were compared between the two groups and genders. Multiple regression analysis was used to formulate a model predicting MCI. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of its predictions were used to evaluate its predictive power.Results:There were significant differences between the two groups in 50 acoustic features including their pronunciation rhythm and pronunciation accuracy. Univariate correlation analysis revealed that the pronunciation rhythm was significantly associated with cognitive functioning. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model were 0.54, 0.80 and 0.69 for males and 0.00, 0.86 and 0.63 for females.Conclusion:MCI greatly affects pronunciation rhythm. Acoustic analysis based on NLP can detect MCI rapidly and objectively.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the status of self-management in patients with spinal cord injury and the related factors. MethodsFrom May, 2020 to February, 2021, 255 patients from a spinal cord injury club were enrolled, and investigated with the general information questionnaire, self-management ability scale, Chronic Disease Self-efficacy Scale through internet. Multiple linear stepwise regression was used to explore the related factors. ResultsThe scores of disease symptom management, daily life management, intermittent catheterization behavior management, emotional management and social return were (40.458±9.122), (33.945±6.800), (36.709±8.736) and (25.011±4.932), respectively. The average score for the single question of daily life management was the highest (3.772±0.755), while emotional management and social return was the lowest (3.573±0.705). Duration of intermittent catheterization, family members' attitude, self-efficacy and occupation were the related factors of symptom management (R2 = 0.135, F = 7.744, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy, duration of intermittent catheterization, use of hydrophilic coated catheters and complications were the related factors of daily life management (R2 = 0.173, F = 13.042, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy, duration of intermittent catheterization, use of hydrophilic coated catheters and medical insurance were the related factors of intermittent catheterization behavior management (R2 = 0.141, F = 10.259, P < 0.001). Self-efficacy, duration of intermittent catheterization, complications and frequency of intermittent catheter in the last week were the related factors of emotional management and social regression dimensions (R2 = 0.282, F = 19.590, P < 0.001). ConclusionThe self-management of patients with spinal cord injury by clean intermittent catheterization is at medium level. Moreover, it may be affected by many factors. Some of them can be targets of intervention.