ABSTRACT
Several studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant Iranian women. However, it is necessary to combine the previous results to present a general assessment. We conducted the present study based on systematic review and meta-analysis studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses [PRISMA]. We searched the national and international online databases of MagIran, Iran Medex, SID, MedLib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar search engine for certain MeSH keywords until June 16, 2017. In addition, heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias were performed. The data were analyzed using random-effects model and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 and P value was considered lower than 0.05. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in 11 surveyed articles that assessed 2864 pregnant Iranian women was 8.74% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.40-13.84]. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatiswas estimated 5.73% [95% CI: 2.09-14.73] and 13.55% [95% CI: 11.23-16.25] by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and polymerase chain reaction [PCR], respectively which the difference was not significant [P=0.082]. The lowest and highest prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis was estimated in Tehran province [4.96% [95% CI: 2.45-9.810]] and Ardabil province [28.60% [95% CI: 20.61-38.20]], respectively. This difference was statistically significant [P<0.001]. Meta-regression for the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis based on year of the studies was significant with increasing slope [P=0.017]. According to the systematic review, the prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Urea plasma urealyticum indicated 2 to 22.8% [from 4 articles] and 9.1 to 19.8% [from 3 articles], respectively. There was no evidence of publication bias [P value for Begg and Eggers' tests was 0.161 and 0.173, respectively]. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis is high among pregnant Iranian women. Screening pregnant women as part of preventive measures seem necessary considering the potential for maternal and fetal complications
ABSTRACT
Background: infant low birth weight is one of the major problems in different societies. Different reports have provided different results regarding the relationship between maternal anemia and infant low birth weight in different months of pregnancy
Objective: the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and infant low birth weight
Materials and Methods: this systematic review was conducted using related keywords in national [Sid, Iran.doc, Iran medex and Magiran] and international [PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Springer, Embase, Google scholar] databases. Relative risks and confidence intervals were extracted from each study. The results were combined using random-effects model for meta-analysis. The I[2] index was also used to measure heterogeneity between the studies
Results: overall, 17 studies with a total sample size of 245407 entered the final meta-analysis and demonstrated that the relative risk for maternal anemia in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy were 1.26 [95% CI: 1.03-1.55], 0.97 [95% CI: 0.57-1.65], and 1.21 [95% CI: 0.84-1.76], respectively. The relationship between maternal anemia and infant low birth weight in the first trimester of pregnancy was significant
Conclusion: maternal anemia, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy, can be considered as a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, one needs to take the necessary steps to cure this disease in order to reduce the incidence of infant low birth weight
ABSTRACT
Background: Several studies have reported the uncertain role of multi-minerals and vitamins in the prevention of preeclampsia
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effect of multimineral-vitamin D supplements [calcium, magnesium, zinc and Vitamin D] and vitamins [C+ E] in the prevention of preeclampsia
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 90 pregnant women were divided into three groups: group A received Ferrous sulfate [1 tablet/day] + one tablet of Claci-care multimineral-vitamin D containing 800mg calcium, 200mg magnesium, 8mg zinc and 400 IU Vitamin D3 per day; group B received Ferrous sulfate [1 tablet/day] + 250 mg vitamin C + 55 mg vitamin E; and the controls received only one Ferrous sulfate tablet daily
Results: The incidence of preeclampsia in group A was significantly lower than the control group [p=0.03], while there was no significant difference between group B and controls [p=0.50], as well as groups A and B [p=0.063]. The incidence of neonatal complications in the group A was significantly lower than the control group [p=0.01], while there was no significant difference between group B and control [p=0.48]
Conclusion: According to the results, calcium, magnesium, and zinc supplements have a significant effect on the prevention of preeclampsia. In addition, prescription of multimineral-vitamin D during pregnancy can be a low-cost and affordable way to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia in women who are at high risk of preeclampsia
ABSTRACT
Background: The clinical consequences of hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy such as preterm birth are not still clear
Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the relation of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy and preterm birth
Materials and Methods: In this meta-analysis, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis were utilized. Searching the 83T cohort studies 83T were done by two researchers independently without any restrictions on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCO and Google Scholar databases up to 2017. The heterogeneity of the studies was checked by the Cochran's Q test and IP2P index. Both random and fixed-effects models were used for combining the relative risk and 95% confidence intervals. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2
Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The relative risks of the clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy on preterm birth was estimated 1.30 [95% CI: 1.05-1.61, p=0.013, involving 20079 cases and 2452817 controls], 1.36 [95% CI: 1.09-1.68, p=0.005, involving 3580 cases and 64885 controls] and 1.31 [95% CI: 1.04-1.66, p=0.020, involving 1078 cases and 44377 controls], respectively
Conclusion: The incidence of preterm birth was higher among mothers with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy compared to euthyroid mothers, and these relations were significant. Therefore, 83T gynecologists and endocrinologists 83T should manage these patients to control the incidence of 83T adverse pregnancy outcomes 83T such as preterm birth
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine complications in the patients with Beta thalassemia major. A simple review of the studies shows different prevalence rates of hypothyroidism in the patients with Beta thalassemia major in Iran. This meta-analysis study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the patients with Beta thalassemia major in Iran
Material and Methods: Using standard key words, we obtained the data from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib databases and also international databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar without any time limit up to December 2015. Statistical analyses were performed using random effects model by Stata Ver.11.1
Results: We evaluated 4851 patients who had participated in 27 eligible studies [23 articles and 4 thesis]. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in the patients with thalassemia major in Iran was estimated as 5.7 % [95% CI:, 4.7-6.8]. The prevalence of the overt and subclinical hypothyroidism in the patients were 3.1 % [95% CI:, 4.1-4.8] and 6.7 % [95% CI:, 3.3- 10], respectively. The highest prevalence of hypothyroidism belonged to the north of Iran [15%]
Conclusion: We found similar prevalence rates of hypothyroidism in Iran and other reports provided by scientific resources [5-7%]. Therefore, we recommend annual performance of thyroid function tests for these patients
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Iranian physicians and nurses are not aware of the total extent of HB vaccination, as the most effective way of preventing HBV infection. The current review study aimed at determining the extent of HB vaccination in these two groups
Materials and Methods: The current study was done on the basis of received information from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib and international databases including Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct and also Google Scholar searching motor between . 1993 and 2015, using standard key words. Searching and extraction of data was independently done by two . reviewers. Then, the reviewed articles that had the inclusion criteria were studied. The obtained data was analyzed by means of random effect model and meta-analyses method, using Stata software [Ver:11.1]
Results: A total of 4104 subjects were studied in 16 articles. . Hepatitis B vaccination history in physicians and nurses were 88.7% [CI: 95%: 81.4-96] and 93.5% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage of physicians and nurses was estimated to be 73.1 % [ CI: 95%: 53.2-92.9] and 76% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. The relationship between hepatitis B vaccinations coverage with the year of study in physicians was not statistically significant [P=0.146]. But, in nurses this relationship was significant [P=0.016]
Conclusion: The obtained results show in spite of the fact that approximately two-thirds of physicians and nurses have their complete vaccination plan this fraction is far from an ideal state and it requires to be