ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of hawthorn leaf flavonoids (HLFs) with the different concentrations in prevention of high blood lipids and fatty liver in quails. Methods Sixty quails were divided into six groups:normal (N),high lipids food model (M),positive control (ZBT),HLF1,HLF2 and HLF3 groups.The animals in the N group were fed with normal food,while the M group was feed with high lipids food to establish the animal model of fatty liver.Besides high-fat diet,HLF1,HLF2 and HLF3 groups were also fed with 1 mL HLFs in the doses of 20 mg/kg,40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg respectively.The ZBT group was fed with 1 g/kg of ZhiBiTuo and used as the positive control.After the experiments of six months,the serum and liver of the quails were taken and used to evaluate the contents of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high density lipid cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),glutathione (GSH),alanine amino transferase (ALT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST).Meanwhile,the microscopic and electronic microscopic sections were used to observe the pathological changes of the livers of the quails. Results Compared with the M group,HLFs significantly lowered the content of TC,TG,LDL-C,MDA,AST and ALT in the serum and livers of the quails in other groups (P<0.001).However,the levels of HDL-C,SOD and GSH of the other groups were increased markedly (P<0.001).Moreover,the ratios of increase/decrease in the three HLF groups were depended on the concentrations of HLFs.Also,better liver structure and less lipid accumulation were also observed in the HLF groups when compared to the M group. Conclusions These results showed HLFs can lower blood lipid and cholesterol accumulation,improve the antioxidant capacity and protect the physiological function of liver.So,HLFs were effective in preventing and treating high blood lipids and fatty liver induced by high-fat diet.
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In order to explore the role of p15(INK4B) gene with highly methylated CpG island in the pathogenesis of leukemia, the expression levels of p15(INK4B) gene was detected in patients with AML and CML. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assay was employed in the experiments. The methylation incidence was 83.9% (26/31) in AML and 0% (0/28) in CML. The results showed that methylation of p15(INK4B) gene was the one of the major ways for inactivation of the gene, and the methylation could be appeared in clinical development of the disease and patients condition worsened. Methylation of p15(INK4B) did not occur and its function probably is normal in CML.
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To study the action, characteristics and expression of high methylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes in multiple myeloma (MM), the sensitive methylation specific PCR method was employed to detect the hypermethylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) in 24 patients with MM. Results showed that the methylation incidence of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes were 70.8% (17/24) and 58.3% (14/24) in the MM patients, with the products of 148 bp and 150 bp fragments, respectively. The methylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes were simultaneously happened in MM patients of plasmocytoma type with two cases at II phase and two cases at III phase. The simultaneous non-methylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes were founded in five cases of MM patients, all of the tumor cells were of small plasmocyte type with mature differention. Conclusion suggested that there were high incidence of methylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes in patients with MM. Hypermethylation can be detected in the early stage of disease, which was associated with its progress. It indicated a bad prognosis when methylation happended simultaneously in the two genes. Methylation of p15(INK4B) and p16(INK4A) genes may be related to the pathogeny of MM.
ABSTRACT
Objndve To evaluate the protective effects of specific antagonists of angiotensin II receptor losartan on the kidneys of diabetic rats and study their mechanisms. Methods Changes of urinary albumin, ?2-m excretion, creatinine clearance(Ccr), NO, ET level of plasma, urine and renal tissue, serum and urinary TGF-?1 concentration and mean glomerular volume were measured. Results Losartan could correct elevated urinary albumin, ?2-m excretion, Ccr and mean glomerular volume. Urinary and renal tissue NO, ET concentration decreased after diabetic rats received losartan. Large doses of losartan also reduced urinary TGF-?1 level. Conclusion Losartan can protect the kidney of diabetic rats and the decrease of NO, ET, TGF-?1 concentration in renal tissue may be a mechanism for this action.