A new flavonoid glycoside from Cichorium glandulosum / 中国药科大学学报

@#Chemical constituents from the air dried parts of Cichorium glandulosum were studied. The chemical constituents of C. glandulosum were separated and purified by means of silica gel, Sephadex-LH 20, ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structure was elucidated by physicochemical characteristics and spectral data. One new flavonoid glycoside was isolated from C. glandulosum, and identified as quercetin-3-O-［6″-O-(3-ethoxy-1, 3-dioxopropyl)］-β-D-glucopyranoside(1).

Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Porcine Artery / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze the differences in mechanical properties of arterial vessels at different sites and the effects of different test methods on the experimental results. Methods A unique fixtures based on characteristics of artery shape was designed. The porcine thoracic aorta and common carotid arteries were applied with uniaxial tensile tests under 4 different states (tubular vessels in axial and radial direction and sheets in axial and circumferential direction), and data fitting analysis was conducted on their nonlinearity. Results The mechanical properties of aorta vessels under tubular state were stronger than those under sheet state, and the difference in such numerical results became more significant with the diameter of the tube decreasing. Conclusions The experiment results, provide more comprehensive and reliable vascular mechanical parameters to provide data support for constructing finite element model and constitutive relationship of blood vessels, and guide design and manufacture of tissue engineered vascular grafts. At the same time, it is also beneficial to study and analyze the potential pathophysiology of certain vascular diseases, which will help doctors to present better therapeutic effects in clinical treatment.

Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Porcine Artery / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze the differences in mechanical properties of arterial vessels at different sites and the effects of different test methods on the experimental results. Methods A unique fixtures based on characteristics of artery shape was designed. The porcine thoracic aorta and common carotid arteries were applied with uniaxial tensile tests under 4 different states (tubular vessels in axial and radial direction and sheets in axial and circumferential direction), and data fitting analysis was conducted on their nonlinearity. Results The mechanical properties of aorta vessels under tubular state were stronger than those under sheet state, and the difference in such numerical results became more significant with the diameter of the tube decreasing. Conclusions The experiment results, provide more comprehensive and reliable vascular mechanical parameters to provide data support for constructing finite element model and constitutive relationship of blood vessels, and guide design and manufacture of tissue engineered vascular grafts. At the same time, it is also beneficial to study and analyze the potential pathophysiology of certain vascular diseases, which will help doctors to present better therapeutic effects in clinical treatment.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe community- and hospitalacquired pneumonia / 中国感染与化疗杂志

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) and severe hospital-acquired pneumonia (SHAP). Methods Clinical data of patients with severe pneumonia were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the potential prognostic factors. Results A total of 70 SCAP cases and 110 SHAP cases were identified. SHAP patients showed higher proportion of surgical operation (P＜0.001), radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy (P=0.006) within 1 month, higher Charlson comorbidity index (P=0.001), and more malignancies (P＜0.001) than SCAP patients, but fewer failed organs (P=0.048), lower proportion of heart failure (P=0.003), and lower level of BNPmax (P=0.037) than SCAP. SHAP patients showed more total days of hospital stay than SCAP patients [33.0 (25.0, 43.3) days versus 14.0 (5.8, 28.3) days, P＜0.001 ], and higher 180-day mortality than SCAP patients (44.6％ versus 27.5％, P=0.047). The 180-day survival rate was significantly different between SCAP and SHAP patients (χ2=4.009, P=0.045). Multivariate analysis indicated that APACHE-II score (OR=20.449, P=0.002), cancer (OR=6.183, P=0.039), maximum D-dimer level (OR=13.841, P=0.008), and renal replacement therapy (RRT) (OR=19.456, P=0.003) were associated with the outcomes of SCAP patients. Two or more organ failure (OR=6.308, P=0.028), ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR=4.491, P=0.005), and RRT (OR=11.456, P=0.002) were associated with the outcomes of SHAP patients. Conclusions SCAP doesn't show significant difference from SHAP in in-hospital mortality or 30-day mortality. SHAP is associated with higher 180-day mortality than SCAP.

Clinical features and mutation of STK11 gene in four patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To investigate clinical features of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)and genetic change in STK11. Methods Clinical data and genetic change in STK11 gene of four PJS children were retrospectively analyzed.Results Four patients have hyperpigmentation on their lips, buccal mucosa or fingers. Intestinal polyposis was found at different locations of gastrointestinal tract. Polypectomy was performed in four patients and pathological section displayed the muscle fibers of the muscularis mucosae form a dendritic structure. And we found 4 heterozygous mutations (c.582C>A,c.580G>A,c.719C>G and c.879insA)on STK11 gene in these patients.Conclusions The PJS patients have typical clinical features;gene detection is helpful to early diagnosis,and we found a novel mutation(c.879insA) in STK11 gene.

Differential expression and clinical significance of calretinin in total colonic aganglionosis / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the differential calretinin immunostaining in different segments of total colonic aganglionosis and its utility in the diagnosis.@*Methods@#Nine specimens including ileum and colon segments were obtained from 9 patients with total colonic aganglionosis (TCA), from 2010 to 2016 year, in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Another 9 ganglionic specimens including the same segments from patients with non-Hirschsprung disease (non-HD) patients were collected as control. All cases were immunostained with calretinin. The patterns of calretinin immunostaining were observed, and morphometric analysis of each sample was performed by image analysis program (Image-Pro-Plus). The mean absorbance was evaluated by calculating the areas of the lamina propria occupied by the positively stained area of the calretinin at high power field.@*Results@#The same pattern of calretinin immunostaining was seen in ganglionic ileum and ganglionic colon segments, with staining seen in intrinsic nerves fibers (INF), and in granular aggregates in the lamina propria and muscularis mucosae. There was no significant difference in the numbers of calretinin-positive INF from the ganglionic segments. In contrast, the number of calretinin-positive INF and granular aggregates in aganglionic segments were significantly lower than those in the ganglionic group (P<0.01). In the ileum transitional zone, scattered calretinin staining was observed, and the amount of calretinin-positive INF was significantly lower than those in the proximal segment of ganlionic ileum (P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#Since there is significant different expression of calretinin among the different segments from TCA, calretinin immunostaining has potential value in detecting TCA. It could be an important adjunctive method in detecting TCA in the future.

Progress in stereotactic body radiation therapy combined with immunotherapy for advanced malignancies / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

For advanced pulmonary metastases or melanoma, radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor can block the immunosuppression pathway, enhance the antitumor immune response, and significantly improve survival. Stereotactic body radiation therapy ( SBRT ) delivers a large dose of radiation to the tumor target with high precision while sparing irradiation of the surrounding normal tissues. It is suggested that SBRT could be the most appropriate radiotherapy modality to be combined with immunotherapy since it induces the expression of a series of cytokines and immune molecules and is more likely to cause intense immune response and exert an abscopal effect than conventional radiotherapy. Previous studies have explored that total dose and fractionation seem to be important parameters for determining the immune response;the timing of radiation with immunotherapy significantly influences the outcome, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, the expression level of programmed death-ligand 1, and mismatch repair defect may be important predicators of the outcome. With appropriate radiotherapy dose and fractionation, the optimal timing of radiation with immunotherapy, and effective predictive markers, a combination of SBRT and immunotherapy may eliminate advanced malignancies while activating the systemic immune response to exert an abscopal effect.

Progress in stereotactic body radiation therapy combined with immunotherapy for advanced malignancies / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

For advanced pulmonary metastases or melanoma, radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor can block the immunosuppression pathway, enhance the antitumor immune response, and significantly improve survival. Stereotactic body radiation therapy ( SBRT ) delivers a large dose of radiation to the tumor target with high precision while sparing irradiation of the surrounding normal tissues. It is suggested that SBRT could be the most appropriate radiotherapy modality to be combined with immunotherapy since it induces the expression of a series of cytokines and immune molecules and is more likely to cause intense immune response and exert an abscopal effect than conventional radiotherapy. Previous studies have explored that total dose and fractionation seem to be important parameters for determining the immune response;the timing of radiation with immunotherapy significantly influences the outcome, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, the expression level of programmed death-ligand 1, and mismatch repair defect may be important predicators of the outcome. With appropriate radiotherapy dose and fractionation, the optimal timing of radiation with immunotherapy, and effective predictive markers, a combination of SBRT and immunotherapy may eliminate advanced malignancies while activating the systemic immune response to exert an abscopal effect.